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How to identify the age and authenticity of Thangka?
Several important distinguishing features of Thangka can not be ignored. The main body of a Thangka may be painted by an apprentice, but most of the most skillful parts such as eyes, nails, handprints, decorations and utensils on the characters are painted by the master, so you must pay attention to these details when buying. Some thangkas will be coated with a layer of wax, which will make the appearance and color smoother and play a certain protective role. Look at the sun to determine the integrity of the wax layer. Identification of painters: First of all, we should screen the contents. Because Thangka paintings involve a lot of contents, some of which you may not understand, so we should choose sculptures with high market awareness, such as Sakyamuni, White Tara and God of Wealth, which are easily accepted and understood by people. Secondly, Thangka takes a long time to draw, and the price of Thangka with fine painters and large frames is bound to be high. For laymen, "painter" and "picture frame" are the most basic factors in setting psychological price when you decide to buy, so you must weigh them repeatedly. Here we should consider from the following three aspects: First, the influence of the painter: painting Thangka has been a part of believers learning Buddhism since ancient times, and temple lamas are also a large part of Thangka painters. The circulation channel of Lama painting Thangka is relatively simple, and the price is relatively high. The painter's influence: painting skills are generally related to the accumulation of experience, such as whether the color modulation is uniform, whether the details are carefully drawn, whether the proportion of each part is reasonable, whether there is overflow or fading, and whether the integrity of the work is complete and rigorous. There are many kinds of thangkas, including painted thangkas and printed thangkas, as well as embroidery, brocade (velvet embroidery), silk reeling, decals and pearl thangkas. Embroidered Thangka is embroidered with various colors of silk thread, and landscapes, figures, flowers, feathers and pavilions can be embroidered. Brocade Thangka is woven with satin as the ground, several colors of silk as the weft, staggered jacquard and glued to the fabric, so it is also called "pile embroidery". The applique Thangka is made of satin of various colors, cut into various figures and figures, and pasted on the fabric. Thangka is a method of "drawing warp and breaking weft", and all kinds of weft are used only for strong decoration. Some are still colorful patterns, and pearls, emeralds and gems are decorated with gold thread, which is a perfect match, glittering and particularly dazzling. Silk reeling is a special handicraft unique to China, which transplants painting into silk fabrics. These fabrics are made of Thangka, with dense and thick texture, rigorous composition, exquisite patterns and bright colors. Thangka, a kind of Tibetan cloth, was made in the mainland, especially in Yongle and Chenghua areas of Ming Dynasty. Later, thangkas, such as embroidery and decals, could be produced in Tibet. There are two kinds of printed thangkas, one is full color printing and mounting, and the other is to engrave the picture on a block, watermark it with ink on thin silk or fine cloth, and then color it and mount it. This kind of Thangka is slender in strokes and vigorous in knife cutting. Most of the colors are dyed in ink and painted in Zhu, which is distinctive and unique. Patterns and patterns need to be interwoven with warp yarns, which are regarded as carved images with elegant style and rich three-dimensional decorative effect. At present, the products on the market are mostly printed thangka and drawn thangka. Exquisite thangka 1 in the existing era. The world's largest Tibetan embroidered Buddha "Thangka"-"Embroidered Red Nightmare Thangka" was made in China during the Ming Dynasty. The theme of "Embroidering Red Nightmare Thangka" is exorcism. It is 3.3 meters high and 2. 1 meter wide. In the center of "Thangka" is a red nightingale, which tramples on death and holds the Ming princess "Pitoli King Kong" and shines all over. The embroidery of Buddha statues is made of colorful silk threads, some of which are wrapped in exquisite gold foil, adding luster. On the upper right is the year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. According to reports, this Thangka and two large Thangka found in the secret room of Jokhang Temple in Tibet should belong to the same source. It is reported that in 1940, King Zhaxi Nanjia of Sikkim gave this Thangka to an English friend, and in 1994, it was auctioned in new york for one million dollars. Second, Tangka, the "Tancheng" in the Yuan Dynasty. Tancheng is a mandala, and tantric Buddhism mainly refers to the place where buddhas, bodhisattvas and saints live. There are three floors inside and outside the Shilun altar city, which is a world centered on Shilun King Kong. This card has strict color requirements and harmonious color matching. The altar city is yellow on the top and green on the bottom, left red and right white. The contrast between cold and warm is adopted, which has a strong three-dimensional sense and profound meaning. There are more than 100 dense statues of King Kong, Khwajira and Le Sheng King Kong around Thangka. The whole work has smooth lines and exquisite painting style, which is amazing. Third, Ming "Dog Denver Tower" Thangka. Dorje Denver Tower is located in Kaya. It is considered to be the nirvana of Sakyamuni and a holy place for Buddhists to worship. Duojidan means King Kong, symbolizing firmness and eternity as a Bodhi Dojo. This pagoda has a unique shape, with the main tower in the middle, the statue of Sakyamuni in the middle and small towers around it. There are more than 1000 Buddhist niches in the painting, including more than 1000 Buddha statues. The painting belongs to Miantang school style, with meticulous brushwork. Some characters are less than one centimeter, and they are still very beautiful and lifelike. Meticulous painting is incredible, and I believe the viewer will be amazed. Four, the Qing Dynasty "Songzan Gambu Portrait" Thangka. This painting belongs to the blessing school. Formed in16th century. Nangahasi, the founder of the painting school, combined the techniques of Miantang painting school with the direct imitation style of Indian gold bronze statues, which was meticulous and colorful. In the middle of the picture is a portrait of Songzan Gambu, with beautiful and natural characters. On both sides of the picture are Princess Chizun, Princess Wencheng and two ministers.