First, you must be a history teacher that students like.

Starting from the equality between teachers and students, cultivate democracy between teachers and students.

Nowadays, students have a strong sense of independence and a strong psychological need for learning. Teachers should actively carry out democratic teaching, create a democratic and equal teaching atmosphere, meet students' psychological needs, cultivate democratic affinity on this basis, and shape an approachable and enlightened teacher image. Teachers should step off the platform and mingle with the students.

4. Starting from the appearance temperament, cultivate the personality of teachers and students.

Students have always paid special attention to the external image of teachers. Any worthless talk, improper clothes and posture of teachers will arouse students' discussion, imitation and disgust. Therefore, teachers should create a new image with personality, temperament and attractiveness with decent appearance and good words and deeds.

3. Treat students as your own children.

Because children always feel good about themselves. Be kind to every student and be a teacher that students like, and both teachers and students will have a pleasant emotional experience. Only when a teacher is loved by students can he truly realize his greatest value.

4. From the teaching itself, cultivate the teaching personality of teachers and students.

What a teacher can attract students most is his teaching art, and his teaching art style can best reflect his personality charm. In class, teachers should not only give full play to their talents, but also respect students and take students as the main body, so that students will like you more.

Teachers should put down their airs and take their students to heart. "Go off the platform to give guidance to students"; Caring for students' emotional experience, so that students can feel the warmth of being cared for; Consciously accept students' evaluation and strive to be a teacher that students like.

? Teachers should learn to tolerate students' mistakes and faults.

? Every time I think of Mr. Ye Shengtao, you foolish old man, you have Watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes and Edison in your ridicule. As a teacher, I deeply feel the sacredness of my duties and the importance of my words and deeds.

Second, prepare lessons carefully, make full preparations before class, and optimize teaching plans.

? In order to establish an efficient classroom, it is very important to make full use of 40 minutes or 45 minutes in class and make adequate preparations before class. This requires us to prepare lessons carefully before class. Lesson preparation is the preparation of teaching and the basic skill of teachers. Effective lesson preparation refers to the formation of personalized, distinctive, creative and expanding teaching design under certain teaching input (time, energy, energy and materials). In addition to the routine requirements of writing lesson plans, lesson preparation should also effectively develop and integrate these curriculum resources and optimize lesson plans from the perspectives of teachers themselves, teaching materials and students.

Teachers should consciously choose cases, so that students can find and solve problems by themselves. The "case" can be a paragraph or even a sentence in the textbook, or it can be historical materials related to the textbook, and then let the students ask questions about the "case". For example, in "Building a Road in Socialism with Chinese characteristics", a teacher said that when opening to the outside world, students should read the book carefully first, and then ask, do you feel deja vu? The students quickly replied that these open areas are very similar to historical trading ports in geography. Let the students look at this part and ask questions. Students think again and ask new questions: Why are the areas open to the outside world so similar to the historical trading ports? Then let the students solve the problem by themselves. After a heated discussion, the students explained the problem from these aspects: (1) Geographical factors: Because of their good geographical location and convenient transportation, these places are conducive to attracting foreign investment and technology; (2) Historical factors: It is precisely because of the forced opening of history that the economic foundation of these places is relatively good; (3) Other factors: For this reason, the local talent resources, quality, concepts and so on are relatively advanced, and so on. In this way, students feel the joy of success in the process of repeatedly asking and solving problems, and gradually develop the habit of asking questions and asking difficult questions about textbooks, which activates their thinking and lays a certain foundation for cultivating students' problem-solving ability.

? Third, optimize teaching methods, attach importance to teachers' leading role and highlight students' subjectivity.

? Practice has proved that learning without effective guidance is inefficient. Only by organically combining teachers' reasonable and effective guidance with students' autonomous cooperative learning and forming teacher-student interaction can we create efficient learning effects.

1. From the perspective of teacher-student interaction

(1) Adhere to the combination of efficient teaching and self-study guidance. Teachers' efficient teaching means that the teaching content should be refined, innovative and profound on the basis of teachers' careful design. "Fine" means to speak well and grasp the key points, difficulties and doubts; "New" means that teachers properly supplement new contents (or materials), selectively introduce new ideas and new research results or guide students to think from different angles; "Deep" means that teachers should have a certain depth (not infinite height) in the teaching content on the basis of students' existing knowledge or experience. Students' self-study must also be conducted under the guidance of teachers, which will be more effective.

(2) The combination of teacher guidance and classroom discussion.

As far as a class is concerned, teachers should scientifically design problems and organize various forms of classroom discussion according to specific teaching objectives and teaching contents. These problems must be the excitement of students. We should not only summarize the knowledge points of the textbook, but also hit the key and difficult points of the textbook to arouse students' desire to apply old knowledge and learn new knowledge. At the same time, we should ensure a gradient, which is suitable for students of different levels; When students encounter problems in exploration, teachers can help students associate with existing knowledge and decompose them one by one through effective guidance and guidance.

(3) Teachers' guidance should be combined with students' personality.

Every student we face is a vivid life. Have different personalities. There are cognitive differences among students in the learning process, such as differences in acceptance, understanding and learning habits. Differences in the quality of will and so on. This requires teachers to respect the characteristics of students, face up to these differences and design teaching for students of different levels.

For example, a teacher organized students to discuss the influence of the thought of "rich Qiang Bing" during the Meiji Restoration.

Some students believe that Qiang Bing Thought, enriching Qiang Bing, is conducive to the enhancement of Japanese economic and military strength; Some students also believe that Qiang Bing Thought, enriching Qiang Bing, is conducive to getting rid of the semi-colonial crisis and deepening reform. Some students believe that Qiang Bing Thought and Qiang Bing, a rich country, also promoted Japanese foreign aggression, enslaved and plundered other nations. The students' different understanding reflects the students' different knowledge and understanding of Qiang Bing Thought, which is the embodiment of their own personality and the "discovery" of students through independent thinking and exploration.

On this basis, teachers, according to students' different understandings, will naturally get a preliminary understanding that Qiang Bing Thought, a Japanese rich country thought, is both progressive and limited. Therefore, combining teachers' guidance with highlighting students' personality will not only help students express their views and realize the value of independent thinking, but also enable students to learn from others and master the basic methods of studying history and analyzing problems under the guidance of teachers.

2. From the perspective of student-student interaction

Adhere to the combination of teacher guidance and student cooperation. Modern psychological research holds that there are three kinds of learning situations in the classroom, namely, cooperation, competition and individual learning, and the best situation is cooperative learning. Johnson, a famous cooperative learning theorist, pointed out: "Cooperative learning is the most important of the three learning situations, but it is the least used one at present ... It can be clearly seen from the research that the mainstream of classroom activities should be students' cooperative activities. "It can be seen that attaching importance to cooperative learning among students is not only conducive to students brainstorming and improving classroom performance, but also conducive to cultivating students' cooperative consciousness and behavior and forming good quality.

Fourth, strengthen testing, timely evaluation, and consolidate and improve.

The purpose of learning is to use. Consolidation exercise is an important part of teaching. Teachers should ask students to apply what they have learned to specific problems according to the curriculum objectives, and identify the role of historical lessons in reality. In class, teachers should leave some time for students to practice, and the content and form of practice should be carefully designed in advance. At the same time, we can also arrange some questions as an extension of classroom teaching, guide students to explore in libraries, reading rooms and social life, give students more opportunities to use their brains and hands, and give timely feedback and correction to classroom tests. After-class exercises can be used as an extension of classroom teaching, aiming at cultivating students' ability to explore historical issues and scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, and improving students' innovative consciousness and practical ability.

? Design exercises should follow the following principles:

(1) has strong pertinence and flexible form.

(2) To face all students, reflect the hierarchy, and mobilize students' multiple senses to participate in teaching activities.

③ Keeping close to the key points and difficulties of teaching is conducive to understanding, consolidating and improving.

④ The content of exercises should be enlightening and ideological, with the main purpose of cultivating students' thinking ability.

Fifth, develop the habit of reflection and constantly improve yourself.

To build an efficient classroom, we should cultivate the habit of reflection, prepare lessons before class and reflect after class.

First of all, we should reflect on teaching from teachers themselves. Think quietly after class: What kind of problems have appeared in this class? What is the cause of the problem? Wait a minute. In addition, unit reflection should be carried out after the end of the unit examination, and mid-term and final reflection should be carried out after the end of the mid-term and final examinations; In the process of reflection, we constantly discover, analyze and solve problems, constantly sum up experiences and lessons, improve teaching methods and improve classroom efficiency. Only in constant reflection can you make your major grow rapidly.

Secondly, let students form the habit of reflection. An educator once said: "The ultimate goal of teachers teaching various subjects is to achieve that students can study and solve their own problems without teaching." In order to achieve this goal. Students must be instructed to reflect on their learning situation in time, especially after each exercise and examination, to find out the existing problems, analyze the causes of the problems, think about ways to solve them, and constantly improve their learning methods and improve their academic performance. Let yourself learn to learn.

The contents of reflection on history teaching are as follows:

1. Teaching

Mainly reflect on the behavior and effect of history teachers in classroom teaching-related activities. Specifically, we can reflect on the following aspects: whether the time allocation in teaching is reasonable, especially whether the time is spent on understanding and using the main knowledge and thinking methods; Treatment of teaching key points and difficulties; Ask questions about design quality, and whether the questions are timely; Whether students have enough time to think independently; Whether to pay attention to students' personality differences; Whether to infiltrate and emphasize the cultivation of historical thinking ability; Whether the factors of emotion, attitude and values in the teaching content have been fully explored; Whether the teaching media is used properly; Whether the teacher's language and behavior conform to the laws of education and teaching, and what are the students' reactions; Whether the quality and quantity control of classroom exercises are reasonable and so on.

2. Learning

Mainly reflect on students' behavior in history class, analyze its reasons, and feedback to the improvement of teaching design accordingly. Specifically, it includes whether the teaching design conforms to the historical cognitive level of students at this stage. Students' understanding of historical concepts and their reasons, students' behavior, language expression and their reasons, the characteristics of students' classroom thinking activities, students' practice and their reasons, etc.

Six, strengthen the cultivation of teachers' own quality, improve the level of professional knowledge.

As a history teacher, we should pay attention to the improvement of our own quality, constantly enrich and improve our professional knowledge of history, read more professional books, newspapers and magazines, collect relevant information in radio and television, make good reading notes and cards, and absorb them reasonably in combination with our own teaching practice to improve the artistic level of classroom teaching.

Seven, explore the strategies of classroom dialogue between teachers and students.

In the history class, it is of great significance to carry out multi-directional dialogue. However, it is necessary to implement the actual effect of classroom dialogue between teachers and students to find the law, and to explore the strategies of classroom dialogue between teachers and students while inheriting the excellent tradition, so as to truly play its due role.

1. Listen to your heart: stimulate dialogue and deepen goals.

2. Ask questions at the right time: deepen the dialogue and expand the goal.

Eight. otherwise

1. Be good at grasping the best opportunity.

According to psychologists, the best time for students to think in class is the first 5 to 20 minutes after class. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching, it is necessary to grasp the time allocation, arrange the teaching process according to different class types, pay attention to setting the time that really plays a role in students' learning knowledge, forming ability and raising consciousness in teaching activities, and make full use of these time to adjust teaching methods to ensure that the main tasks are completed and key problems are solved in the best time, and then make the teaching process continue in a direction conducive to students' development through carefully designed exercises or discussions. Make sure that students gain something at different times.

2. Accurately grasp the rhythm of classroom teaching.

? To grasp the rhythm of classroom teaching, we should pay attention to sports ("sports" refers to students practicing, answering and discussing under the guidance of teachers. ) Quiet (the teacher speaks and the students listen quietly) complement each other.

3. Make full use of resources

? Teachers should strive to break the backward situation of "one blackboard, one chalk and one mouth" and use more modern teaching AIDS. Such as small blackboards, wall charts, projectors, tape recorders, etc. It can not only save classroom teaching time such as blackboard writing and related content introduction, but also allow students to receive more information in unit time, which is conducive to students' three-dimensional thinking. Among them, the illustrated illustrations in textbooks are often neglected by teachers in teaching, which requires us to try to figure out more and make more use of them. It can be seen that attaching importance to the role of teaching AIDS and illustrations in teaching materials is also an effective means to improve classroom efficiency.

4. Cherish every minute of class.

Cherish time, not that teachers can't wait to finish the class content, but to give full play to students' autonomy, effectively realize the transformation of "protagonist" and "supporting role" in classroom teaching, and let students become the protagonists in the classroom. In other words, it is necessary to shorten the time for teachers to "perform", give students more time to think and give students at different levels more opportunities to perform. Only in this way can students take the initiative to explore, leap over imitation, improve efficiency, give play to their individuality and embark on the road of creation. At the same time, we should be good at using teaching wit to deal with unexpected problems in class, protect students' enthusiasm and help all students improve.

Step 5 ask questions scientifically

The problem is too simple, which is not only not conducive to students' thinking training, but also easy to waste classroom time. In the process of listening to the class, we often encounter this situation: the teacher analyzes the topic clearly and then asks the students if it is right. Aside from the necessity of this kind of questioning, students can know its effect by shouting "Yes" or "Yes" in unison: it seems that all students can do it, but it is actually "showy". Treating students as listening machines can't arouse their enthusiasm at all. Some teachers don't give students time to think after asking questions, and don't consider the differences between students, which makes most students feel confused. How can we organize problems scientifically?

Step 6 optimize the blackboard writing

Too many books on the blackboard are easy to waste time. Therefore, the blackboard writing should be concise and overcome verbosity. For a large amount of content that really needs to be written on the blackboard, it should be written on the blackboard in advance or displayed by multimedia to save time.

7. standardize discipline

The new curriculum reform requires more flexible classroom teaching forms and advocates more cooperative discussion among students. In order to protect students' enthusiasm for discussing problems, some teachers dare not restrain students' discipline, which leads to out-of-control classroom discipline. Instead of increasing their ability, students have low learning efficiency. Classroom discipline should be strict but not rigid, and live without chaos. Even in the process of students' communication and discussion, we should grasp a "degree" to give students a chance to express themselves and make the overall learning atmosphere of the class soar.

8. Adjust your mood.

People can't always be in a good mood, and teachers can't affect students' study because of temporary depression. Some teachers are always listless in class and speak slowly, which not only leads to students' unclear hearing, but also leads to students' low mood and low efficiency in classroom teaching. Some students are full of energy, but they speak too fast, so the students can't respond at all. What the teacher says is useless. Therefore, teachers should reasonably adjust their emotions, maintain a good teaching mentality, always give students a positive demonstration influence, and efficiently organize students to experience the production process of knowledge.

9. combine work and rest

As the old saying goes, the way of civil and military affairs is relaxed one by one. Only by maintaining the flexibility of time management can it be more efficient and lasting. In order to prevent students from mental fatigue, it is necessary to mobilize students to have a full rest after class, so that students can understand the truth that "sharpening a knife does not make a mistake in chopping wood", and it is suggested that students take outdoor activities and take a walk and chat between classes to lay the foundation for efficient study in the next class.