Jane Austen (177565438+February 200716-1865438+July 200718) is a British female novelist. Her main works include Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, etc.
Jane Austen wrote her first novel at the age of 2 1, entitled First Impression. She contacted the publishing house for publication, but there was no result. This year, she began to write Eleanor and Marianne, and then wrote northanger abbey. 1799 finished it. Ten years later, First Impression was rewritten and renamed as Pride and Prejudice, and Eleanor and Marianne were rewritten and renamed as Sense and Sensibility, which were published separately. As for northanger abbey, the author didn't publish a book before his death. These three books are Austen's early works, written in her hometown of Steventon. Her later works are also three: mansfield manor, Emma and Persuasion, all written after the author moved to Jomton. The first two books have been published successively, and only Persuasion completed by 18 16 has to be rewritten because the author is not satisfied with the original ending, and has never been published. After her death, her brother Henry Austin was responsible for publishing northanger abbey and Persuasion, and used Jane Austen's real name for the first time.
Chinese name: Jane Austen
Jane Austen
Nationality: UK
Place of birth: Stevenson, England
Date of birth:1775 65438+February 65438+June.
Date of death: 181July 0718.
Occupation: novelist
Masterpieces: Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Emma's Persuasion.
Character experience
Jane Austen, 1775 was born in Steventon, Hampshire, England in February, and has eight brothers and sisters.
My father was a rector there for more than forty years. He is a learned priest, and his wife comes from a relatively rich family and has a certain cultural accomplishment. Therefore, although Austin didn't go to a formal school, her excellent family conditions and reading environment gave her the conditions for self-study and cultivated her interest in writing. She started writing at the age of thirteen or fourteen, which shows her talent in language expression. /kloc-In 0/800, her father retired and her family moved to Bath. Austin doesn't like this place. It is said that she suffers from depression. Here, Austin refused the proposal of a young man who would inherit a large fortune because she didn't love him. After living there for about four years, my father died, so Austin moved to Southampton with his mother and sister, and then moved to Jordan on 1809. 18 16 At the beginning of the year, she was seriously ill and became weaker and weaker. 18 17 In May, she was sent to Winchester for treatment, but the treatment failed and she died in her sister's arms in July of the same year. She remained unmarried for life and was buried in Winchester Abbey.
Personal life
1796, 20-year-old Jane Austen met Lefroy.
The seed of love, she fell in love with this clever and cunning young Irish lawyer at first sight. However, the pastor family in Austin wanted the future son-in-law to have financial strength, while Lefroy was still a poor boy. The Lefroy family, with six children, insisted on marrying a wealthy family, so they asked Lefroy to return to Ireland. Since then, the two have never met again. At that time, Austin expressed helplessness and sadness in a letter to his sister Cassandra: "Finally, this day has come, and I will say goodbye to Tom Lefroy. When you receive this letter, it's all over. I can't help crying when I think about this. " Later, Lefroy married a woman and became the Chief Justice of the Irish Supreme Court. It was not until his later years that he admitted to his nephew that he had a "teenage love" with a writer.
The first love ended in being forced to break up, and Austin chose not to marry for life, injecting all unfinished feelings into literary creation.
Main work
Creative characteristics
Theme of the work
Although the characters in Austen's novels are all fictional, they all reflect Austen's own views on marriage and love. In Austin's time, social, economic and political changes have affected all classes. The rural aristocrats and young landlords at that time also reflected some thoughts of the bourgeoisie on human nature and humanity after the rise of the Renaissance. For example, Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice fully embodies the mode of marriage and love that Austin yearns for. In her communication with Darcy, Elizabeth advocates the principle of equality between men and women, abandons the traditional view that men are superior to women, and thinks that noble feelings are the normal needs of human beings. At the same time, besides equality and respect, Austin's ideal marriage also has freedom and understanding, which she hopes will help people get rid of the shackles of traditional ideas, so as to find themselves and realize themselves.
Artistic feature
Austin's works are light and humorous, full of comic conflicts. Because Austin lived in the countryside with strong feudal forces all his life, his family was well-off and his life circle was very small. This makes her works often limited to the love and marriage stories of ordinary squire daughters, and her works also reflect the views of feudal forces to some extent. The works mainly reflect the moral standards of family and society through the social communication and daily dialogue of ladies and gentlemen. This makes Austin's works have long been regarded as popular books. However, although Austin's works are compared to "two-inch ivory carving", she still reflects the social situation at that time through the daily dialogue and communication between gentlemen and wives, satirizes the phenomenon of mercenary and vanity with humorous language, and ridicules people's despicable weaknesses such as stupidity, selfishness, snobbery and blind self-confidence through comedy scenes.
Personality influence
From the end of 18 to the beginning of 19, vulgar and boring "sentimental novels" and "gothic novels" flooded the British literary world. Austen's novels, on the other hand, break the old and create the new, showing the daily life and pastoral scenery of the British rural middle class that was not impacted by the capitalist industrial revolution at that time. Austen's novels appeared at the beginning of19th century, sweeping away the popular pseudo-romanticism at that time, inheriting and developing the excellent British realistic tradition in18th century, and preparing for the climax of realistic novels in19th century. Although his works are limited in breadth and depth, they have played a very good role in changing the vulgar atmosphere in novel creation at that time, and have a connecting link in the history of English novel development, and are known as writers as well as Shakespeare.
Jane Austen was not short of readers, and even the then Regent George IV was obsessed with her works.
1923, Jane Austen's novels were republished after being sorted by Robert Chapman, which finally made her novels rise to the hall of "serious literature", and more and more studies were made on her novels. Different scholars, through different political ideas and perspectives, can turn her classics reading into completely different or even opposite things: cultural conservatism, feminism, anti-feminism, satirizing the hypocrisy of the middle class and homosexuality.
A new round of global "Austin fever" began at 1995, and the trigger point was the six episodes of the BBC TV series "Pride and Prejudice" filmed at 1995. His high-level screenwriter, accurate role selection and detailed historical details caused a sensation in Britain and triggered a series of adaptations. Within a year or two, the film Sense and Sensibility directed by Ang Lee, two versions of Emma and the film Persuasion appeared one after another. Jane Austen's novels have been remake one after another, and her own experiences have been adapted into movies and TV several times.
20 13 is the 200th anniversary of the publication of Jane Austen's masterpiece Pride and Prejudice. Following the Royal Mail's issue of special stamps, the Bank of England announced that the new version of 10 will be printed with Jane Austen's head as a tribute to her.
Personality assessment
Positive evaluation
Austin is really talented in describing people's daily life, inner feelings and many complicated trivial matters. This gift is so precious that I have never seen it before. She can vividly depict ordinary things and people with meticulous brushwork. (Comments by British writer Scott)
Austin is more emotional than she looks. She inspires readers to fill in the content outside the language. What she provides to readers seems trivial, but its connotation is enough to expand readers' thinking and give them eternal forms of various life scenes. (Comments by Virginia Woolf, British writer)
Negative evaluation
Austin's perspective is too narrow. (Comments by British writer Charlotte Brontexq)
As long as there are no Austin's books, the library is a good library. (Comment by Mark Twain, American writer)