Generally speaking, ontology used in Marx's previous philosophy can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Broadly speaking, it refers to the ultimate nature of all reality, which needs to be understood through epistemology. Therefore, it is ontology that studies the ultimate essence of all reality, and epistemology that studies how to understand it, which is called ontology and epistemology. ?

In a narrow sense, there are studies on the origin and structure of the universe, and in a broad sense, there are ontological studies on the nature of the universe. The former is cosmology and the latter is ontology, which is called ontology and cosmology. ?

These two usages still coexist in modern western philosophy. Marxist philosophy does not take the methods of ontology and epistemology, or ontology and cosmology, but uses dialectical materialism to explain the whole problem of philosophy.

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exist

Existentialists believe that "existence" is the most basic concept, and many things can be said to be "yes", while the verb "yes" has many uses, so it is easy to be confused, so there are many kinds of existence. Simply put, ontology is to explore whether there is an abstract foundation behind everything in this world that does not depend on the real world.

Both spirit and matter have their own abstract foundation. Simply put, metaphysics refers to the real world that we can feel, and metaphysics refers to the reasons behind the perceptual world, which are abstract and intangible and exist as the foundation of the perceptual world. Ontology is the metaphysical basis for exploring the metaphysical world.