Article 1: Modern literature
Teaching purpose: to enable students to master the methods of answering modern Chinese reading questions, and to consolidate and improve the methods, skills and abilities of answering modern Chinese reading questions through practice. Teaching emphasis: modern Chinese reading guidance.
Teaching Difficulty: Improving the Ability of Answering Questions in Modern Chinese Reading
Teaching hours: 1-2 hours.
Teaching method: induction, combination of lecture and practice (mainly practice)
Teaching process:
First, the introduction of new courses: emphasize the importance of modern text reading.
Second, teach new lessons.
(A) the content and form of modern Chinese reading questions.
Modern Chinese reading questions in middle school exams are generally selected from extracurricular activities. Narrative is the focus of the first stage and the senior high school entrance examination. The proposition focuses on the accumulation and application of the content of the article, feeling and understanding, and trying to figure out the taste.
(B) Modern reading test methods
1, the basic point: grasp the whole, follow the lead.
Step 2: (Read the article twice)
The first time: first read the full text roughly to understand the main idea of the article; [It should be soon]
The second time: find the relevant paragraphs and sentences in combination with the test questions (Shun Teng), deeply understand the article, and find out or summarize the answers (picking melons). [You should slow down and read it back to check]
(three) to master the problem-solving skills and precautions of common problems:
① The "accumulation and application" section generally examines the phonetic notation and interpretation of words, and the memory of idioms and famous sayings. This kind of topic needs to accumulate more words and little knowledge, and unfamiliar words can be combined with context analysis.
② Ask what the demonstrative pronoun "this, that" refers to: Find the answer from the word before the pronoun.
(3) The function of interrogative sentences and paragraphs: (Consider from two aspects)
First, from the structural point of view, it often plays the role of A connecting the preceding with the following, B leading or C summarizing;
Secondly, from the content, there are often a starting point, b bedding, c bedding, d deepening center, e pointing out the main idea (making the finishing point) and so on.
(4) Ask about the structure of articles and paragraphs:
Pay attention to the total score formula (a total score, b total score, c total score); Step by step; Parallel type.
⑤ Ask the article clues: Pay attention to the words that appear many times in the article.
6. Ask the general idea of the paragraph: find the central sentence and pay attention to the first and last sentences of the paragraph.
Summary paragraph meaning: this paragraph (summary or concrete) is written "who-what"
(or "how")
⑦ Question meaning: From the analysis of the center of the article, the expression is accurate and smooth.
⑧ Characteristics of article writing: It can be considered from the perspectives of article selection, structural layout, language and conception.
9. Ask questions after reading: Pay attention to correct and healthy opinions, which makes sense.
(d) Classroom exercises: After the students are trained, the teachers' comments are clear.
Third, the class summary (teachers and students * * * with summary)
Fourth, homework
[Additional Training Questions] Read the article and answer the following questions:
Enlightenment (from contemporary Japanese anthology)
(Note: Nakamura, Gui Zhijun and He Jiazi are the names in this article)
(1) The Nakamura family lives in a small commercial house on the hillside. There are four people living in the family, father, mother, your son in the first year of college and his daughter Jiazi in the first year of middle school. My father is 44 years old and is the section chief of a small company.
(2) My father has been preoccupied recently. Because your son has become very strange, he often asks for money on the pretext of stationery expenses. Although sometimes I thought he was lying, I was too embarrassed to expose it and gave him the money. Because of the mortgage, the family is in financial difficulties. Your king's speech is getting rougher every day.
(3) But the father knows that Gui Zhi is a very emotional child and likes his sister very much, so he still trusts his son. (4) At this time, something happened, that is, a hole appeared in the lunch box he had used for many years. Although the lunch box is too deep and uncomfortable to use, once it is broken, my father is still very depressed.
(5) Child * bought two boxes of lunch for your father and you Wang Mai in a nearby supermarket. Your king used to bring money to school to buy food, but now he wants to bring food in a lunch box as much as possible.
However, my father doesn't like this lunch box because the interlayer for rice and vegetables is separate.
(7) The meal that Dad brings every day is salmon, which is also famous in the company. Spread the fried fish pieces directly on the rice and cover them. When dad was eating, he turned the lid over and laid it on the side, and then moved the fish pieces on the rice to the lid, so the part where the rice pressed the fish pieces was light yellow. That's my father's favorite. However, after a long time, he was a little tired of eating.
It's already May, the weather is warm and the spring is hazy.
As usual, my father finished his work in the morning. As usual, I took out a lunch box from my bag and opened the lid. Father took a deep breath. There was beef sauce and fried sausage in the vegetable sandwich. And lettuce. A father opened his mouth wide in surprise and froze for a long time. At this moment, a colleague walked by and he quickly covered it. He always feels a little embarrassed.
(10)C Then he opened the mezzanine of the lunch box. Father couldn't believe his eyes. The rice is tightly covered with a layer of black seaweed.
(1 1)D "Don't ..." Father murmured, fingering the corner of the lunch box with chopsticks. "Really!" Father was amazed and flattered.
(12) This is a two-story seaweed. My father remembers that his mother, who died a long time ago, cooked seaweed for him. It was made of thin red-brown seaweed. That was more than 20 years ago. Father was moved to tears.
(13) On this day, my father felt warm and even in a trance all day. On his way home, he bought four expensive melons as gifts. He was eager to return and really wanted to cross home in one step.
(14) When I walked to the gate, I heard your king lose his temper. Father's mood turns cloudy, and you can clearly hear your king's voice when you step forward.
(15) "Is that kind of rice edible?"
(16) It seems that she is blaming her mother for the bad food. Father couldn't help feeling angry. "I want to talk to your king today!" He pushed the door open with this thought. At this moment, my mother's voice came.
(17) "You got your father's meal wrong!"
(18) Father heard it. I see. It was the child who made a mistake in the father-son dinner, and the father was annoyed.
(19) "I'm back." He looked at their faces and said weakly. Mother has a face that Zhang Yongyuan is embarrassed, and a face that Zhang Yongyuan is scolded by your king. However, your king is different, with a shy face. Father couldn't help but put the melon there awkwardly and went up to the second floor.
Since then, the Nakamura family has changed. Change is your king. He hardly asks for money from home. Although the speech is still rough, I can feel the tenderness in my voice.
(2 1) Father wanted to say to your king several times, "Salmon is delicious, too." But he gave up the idea. Because my father understands that the reason why your king changed is that he and his father changed their meals by mistake.
(22) The warm spring sunshine is now all over Mr. Nakamura's home.
Reading test questions
● Try to figure out, appreciate, perceive and understand.
1, the two "small" words added in paragraph (1) cannot be deleted. Because Mr. Nakamura is highlighted: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. The second paragraph: Your monarch has become very strange "refers to ①:" _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ "; ②"_________________"。
3. Paragraph (3) cannot be deleted because: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
4. In paragraph (7), the use of "Du ... Ye" is intended to highlight, and it also embeds the psychology that "father" and his son feel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when eating the wrong food together.
5. In paragraph (9)-( 1 1), the author described the surprise of "father" very successfully. Please write four sentences respectively: A, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
6. In paragraph (10), the word "tight" means _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the word similar to this usage in the following paragraph (12) is "_ _ _ _ _ _ _", which constitutes a distinct _ _ _ _ _.
7. According to the above, find out a wrong phrase (phrase) in paragraph (14). Please circle and correct it as: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
8. The above paragraphs (20) and (2) all say "the change of the monarch", which is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
9. Paragraph (22) is a description of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, which sets off the family atmosphere of Mr. _ _ _ _ _ _ Nakamura.
10. This paper tells the story of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the narrative order (chronological order, flashback and episode). The image of "father" _ _ _ _ _ is shaped in front of the full text, while _ _ _ is prominent in the side.
● Accumulation and application
1 1. Add a few words to the text: warm () gloomy () embarrassed () ()
12. Explain the words with horizontal lines in paragraph (2)(4).
① Financial constraints: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ② Depression: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ③ Embarrassment: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
13. Write idioms according to the meaning:
(1) What are you thinking-piles and piles. Describe thinking a lot. ()
(2) describe shamelessly importune. ()
Describe the longing to go home. ()
4 describe no interest at all. ()
14. The title of this article is Wu, which is meaningful. What do you feel after reading it? Please contact your reality and talk about your feelings. About 100 words
Chapter 2: Explanatory Text
(a), the classification of explanatory text:
1, depending on the description object.
Description of things: It aims to introduce the physical characteristics of things. Such as "China Stone Arch Bridge"
Explanatory text: it aims to explain the truth or internal law of things themselves. Such as "Why are flowers so red?"
2. According to the characteristics of language, it can be divided into simple expository and vivid expository.
(2), explain the object and its characteristics:
1. Explanatory object: interpreted or interpreted is the explanatory object.
2. Explain the characteristics of the object: it refers to the sign that things are different from each other, and it is a feature that one thing has but other things do not.
(3), the way of explanation
Plain explanation: explain things objectively in popular and accurate language,
Vivid explanation: Explain things in vivid language.
(4), the order of the text:
1, time series: explain the process of things changing with time. That is to say, it introduces the occurrence, development, evolution, production process and steps of things with the content of time series description, and its main feature is to express time series with some words.
2. spatial order: According to the spatial existence form of the explained object, or from top to bottom, or from front to back, or from outside to inside, or from a central point to all directions.
3. Logical order: the order of interpretation according to the internal relations of things or the process and laws of people's understanding of things. The common logical order is: from phenomenon to essence, from feature to use, from cause to result, from whole to part, from main to secondary, from generalization to concrete, from concrete to abstract, from simple to complex, from special to general, from analysis to synthesis.
(5) Explain the characteristics of the language:
1. Features: Accuracy is the main feature of explanatory language, that is, time, space, quantity, scope, degree, characteristics, nature and procedures are all accurate.
2, experience the accuracy of explanatory language:
(1), according to the exact number.
In the last ten years, the water level of the Dead Sea has dropped by 40 to 50 centimeters every year. (Dead Sea Immortals)
(2) By expressing speculation, the estimated words will show the accuracy of written language.
For example, the Traveler Bridge was built around 282 AD, which may be the earliest stone arch bridge on record. Stone arch bridges can be seen almost everywhere in China. (Stone Arch Bridge in China)
(3) Understand the accuracy of written language by mastering and modifying restrictive words.
The most important weapon to conquer the desert is water. (March in the Desert)
(6), methods and functions:
1. classification: to explain the characteristics of things, it is often necessary to divide things into several categories and explain them separately according to different standards and angles such as the nature and function of things.
Function: Explain the characteristics of ...
2. Example: the method of illustrating things or things with representative examples. In this way, you can get a concrete and impressive effect of understanding things.
Function: Explain the characteristics of ... (explain the object) concretely and vividly.
3. Metaphor: The vivid description of things and events with metaphor can enhance the vividness and vividness of the object.
Function: explain the characteristics of ... (explain the object) to enhance the interest of the article.
4. Numbering: A way to explain things with numbers.
Function: the characteristics of explanation ... scientific and accurate, making the explanation more convincing.
5. Comparison method: an explanation method of comparing related identical or opposite things. It can be divided into horizontal comparison and vertical comparison.
Function: clearly explain the characteristics, (status, influence, etc. (of an object)
6. Definition: To explain the essential characteristics of things concisely and generally with judgment sentences is to give things an accurate definition to explain the essential attributes of things.
Function: Explain the object with concise and scientific language and reveal scientific facts, so as to reveal the facts and characteristics of things more scientifically, essentially and generally.
7. Interpretation: Explain and explain the attributes of the explained object, so that people can get a clear understanding.
Function: explain the characteristics and reasons of things in detail to make the explanation easier to understand.
8. Imitation: A way to describe things through description.
Function: describe the characteristics and events of things vividly, and make the explanation more concrete, vivid and vivid.
9. Chart: Explain things in the form of pictures, photos or lists.
Function: Explain the characteristics of (an object) intuitively.
10, quote: quote classics, documents, famous sayings, poems, folk songs, legends, etc.
Function; It can make the content of the explanation more specific and substantial, and increase the interest and artistic appeal of the article. Explaining the characteristics of things by quoting can enhance persuasiveness, increase the interest of articles and arouse readers' interest. The quotation at the beginning of the article also plays a role in leading out the description object.
(7), the structure of explanatory text:
1, total score formula
It's always-it's always like "Look at the clouds, it's the weather"
Total-Branch Suzhou Gardens.
Points-always like "Japanese flat crab"
2. Progressive: the relationship between layers goes from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence.
For example, March into the desert
3. Parallelism: The relationship between layers is equal and parallel. Such as "multiple functions of electronic computers"
4. Coherence: arrange levels according to the development process of things, and each level will be followed by each other.
For example, From Oracle Bone Inscriptions to a Brief Book introduces the evolution history of books in chronological order. The article reflects several stages of book development in turn, and the levels are coherent.
(8) Explain the function of the paragraph:
(1) structure and content function: a leads to the following contents.
Connect the front and the bottom.
C summary full text/previous article.
D is sometimes at the beginning of the article, and it also plays the role of leading out the object of explanation/explaining things.
(2) Combined with interpretation method:
Explain … (features or things) by the method of …, so as to explain … (functions).
Chapter Three: China Fun Games.
First, the purpose of guidance:
1. Guide students to summarize reading methods and apply them to extracurricular reading.
2. Let students know more useful extracurricular books in the promotion activities of good books, so as to further enhance students' interest in extracurricular reading and develop good reading habits.
3. By recommending the book "Chinese Fun Games" to students, the interest in extracurricular reading is further improved.
Second, the guiding focus:
Guide students to summarize reading methods and apply them to extracurricular reading.
Third, preparation before class:
1, ready to accumulate this Collection of Honey for daily use.
2. Prepare the book "China Fun Games" for students.
3. Divide the students into several activity groups before class.
Fourth, the guidance class:
1 class hour
Verbs (short for verb) guide the process:
(A) reading quotations, wonderful story introduction
1. Teacher: Please talk about famous sayings, aphorisms and celebrity stories related to books and reading.
2. All students can speak freely.
Teaching plan of junior high school reading guidance course guides junior high school students' extracurricular reading teaching plan
3. The teacher displays the collected knowledge on the big screen, and the students browse and learn. (]
(2) Guide students to learn to read.
1. The teacher recommended the book China Fun Games to the students.
2. Teacher: Please put away the books that have just been distributed, and the teacher will make a small survey. Survey content: Students, what do you usually do when you get extra-curricular books? How do you read this book? Who can tell you about it? Teachers hold cameras and make encouraging comments.
3. Teacher: Please read the book "Chinese Fun Games" silently with the following questions according to the teacher's tips and the students' good reading experience. Let's have a competition to see who can collect the most knowledge and information in the shortest time and who can make great achievements in reading. (1), what does the book Chinese fun games say?
(2) What part of the book do you like best?
We limit our reading time to ten minutes. After ten minutes, how much can you say?
(4) If the teacher or classmates give you hints, can you remember more knowledge? (5) According to this book, what games can be played to enhance memory and understanding of the content?
(3) Silent reading and speed reading for ten minutes.
(4) After ten minutes, let the students communicate in each study group for two minutes on the questions just mentioned.
(5) The teacher asked the representatives of each study group to speak and make encouraging comments on the camera.
(6) Each study group sends a representative to learn the game.
1, idioms solitaire: Carry out "Solitaire" activities in the order of five study groups, and one round ends five times. (]
2. Prompt first and then answer: Prompt one by one according to the order of the five study groups, and the other four groups will answer first. This round ends twice.
Sixth, the teacher summed up:
Did you learn anything from this reading instruction class? Xunzi said in his famous book "Encouraging Learning" that learning is not enough. Our modern education is also advocating lifelong learning. Finally, the teacher wants to say a few words to the students.
Lifelong reading
The most touching frown in the world is the moment when you think hard while reading;
The most natural moment in the world is a knowing smile when reading.
No matter how tired you are, you must study;
No matter how busy you are at work, you should also talk about books;
Buy books no matter how little you earn;
No matter how crowded the residence is, you should also collect books;
No matter how shallow your friendship is, you should send books.
The most vulgar people are those who don't read;
The meanest person is the one who doesn't buy books;
The most pitiful people are those who have no access to books.
Students, let's keep company with books and make reading our life!
Seven, blackboard design:
Learn how to use it, learn how to use it.