1. Information awareness
Refers to people's ideas and views on information phenomena, and people's sense of smell; It is the ability of people to understand, feel and evaluate various theories, viewpoints, things and phenomena produced by society from the perspective of information. Specifically, it includes keen perception of information, continuous attention, judgment and insight into the value of information.
2. Information ability
It can also be said that it is information skills, including the timing of determining information needs; The ability to select information sources to effectively obtain information, process and evaluate information, and effectively use information.
3. Information ethics
Refers to the moral norms that people should follow in information activities, such as protecting intellectual property rights, respecting personal privacy, resisting bad information, etc.
4. The ability of lifelong learning
The goal of information literacy education is to acquire the ability of lifelong learning. The concept of information literacy should be user-centered, that is, the educated or trainees, not the instructors or teachers, so that users can learn to learn and acquire the ability of lifelong learning.
Information literacy (also known as information literacy or knowledge literacy), as a concept, was first put forward by Paul Zurkowski, president of the American Information Industry Association, in 1974, which is summarized as the technology and skills to solve information problems by using information sources and information tools. In 1980s, the connotation of information literacy was further expanded, which not only refers to the technology and skills to solve information problems, but also refers to the subject's attitude towards information, including the understanding of information demand, the evaluation of information value and the evaluation of information effect.
In the 1990s, people's understanding of information literacy went deep into the overall literacy level of the subject, thinking that "in the information society, information literacy is the extension and expansion of people's traditional cultural literacy, and information literacy is a part of the cognitive whole". Professor Hannelore B.Rader, director of the library of the University of Louisville in the United States, thinks in her special report "Global Information Teachers: The Role of Librarians in 2 1 Century"; "In the era of information society and knowledge economy, information literacy, document delivery, distance education and many other concepts have become the key words of the library industry. Information literacy refers to the sum of a series of abilities to judge when information is needed and effectively locate, obtain, evaluate and use information. " ;
At home, many peer experts have discussed the concept of information literacy from different angles and levels in related articles. Among them, the representative view is that "information literacy is the information literacy formed by individuals through acquired study and practice on the basis of innate physical quality, and it is the organic combination of many basic qualities of social members, such as information consciousness, information morality, information ability and information potential.
Information literacy
Information literacy is a part of human quality, and it is a stable, basic and internal psychological quality formed by information knowledge, information consciousness, education and environmental factors in human society. Regarding the definition of information literacy, there are mainly the following categories:
(1) Information literacy means the ability to define information needs, select information sources, retrieve information, analyze information, synthesize information, evaluate information and use information.
(2)1974, Paul Zurkowski, president of the American Information Industry Association, submitted a proposal to the National Library and Information Science Committee of the United States, pointing out that people with information literacy are those who have received training in the application of information resources, mastered the techniques and methods of using information tools, and can apply a wide range of information resources to solve practical problems.
③ In 1979, the National Information Industry Association gave the definition of information literacy: mastering the knowledge and skills of using information tools and applying them to solving practical problems.
④ 1989 The Information Literacy Research Report issued by the American Library Association (ALA) points out that people with information literacy are people who can keenly perceive information needs, and can search, evaluate and effectively use the needed information.
⑤ Information literacy is the ability of people to acquire, evaluate and utilize knowledge and information resources, a new quality developed and optimized on the basis of basic qualities such as physiological quality, psychological quality and social and cultural quality when people enter the information society, a high requirement for people in the information age, and an essential skill for modern talents to acquire, process and utilize knowledge and information in the information environment.
⑥ Chinese scholar Ma Haiqun pointed out that information literacy is broadly understood as all kinds of information literacy possessed by individual members of the information society, including information wisdom (involving information knowledge and skills), information morality, information consciousness, information consciousness, information concept, information potential and information psychology.
⑦ American scholar H.B.Rader's definition: Information literacy is the ability to effectively discover and evaluate information when solving problems and making decisions. Including the ability to survive and develop in the modern information environment, the ability to quickly adapt to changes in the external environment, the ability to find appropriate information when solving problems, and the ability to skillfully use computers.
⑧ The American Association for Teaching Guidance and Curriculum Research put forward in a resolution of 199 1 that information literacy is to retrieve, process and effectively use information, and make full use of unique opportunities in a globalized society to enrich one's abilities.
9 C.R. McClure pointed out that information literacy is the integration of the following four qualities: traditional literacy refers to having basic cultural qualities such as reading, writing and calculation; Media literacy, that is, the understanding of various information media including library information resources; Computer literacy refers to understanding the basic culture of computers and mastering the basic applications of computers; Network literacy means understanding and mastering the Internet, which is the core of the contemporary information environment.
Criteria for judging information literacy
1998 the American national library association has formulated nine information literacy standards for students' learning, which are manifested in three aspects: information literacy, autonomous learning and community responsibility, enriching the connotation of information literacy. Drawing on this standard, it is generally believed that the standard for judging information literacy is as follows.
1. Information literacy
Standard 1: People with information literacy can obtain information efficiently.
Standard 2: People with information literacy can evaluate information skillfully and critically.
Standard 3: People with information literacy can use information accurately and creatively.
2. Independent research
Standard 4: As an independent learner, I have information literacy and can explore information related to my personal interests.
Standard 5: As an independent learner, he has information literacy and can appreciate works that creatively express information.
Standard 6: As an independent learner, I have information literacy and the ability to strive for the best in information query and knowledge innovation.
3. Social responsibility
Standard 7: People who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can recognize the importance of information to society.
Standard 8: People who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can carry out ethical behaviors related to information and information technology.
Standard 9: People who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can actively participate in the activities of exploring and creating information.