Basic requirements of first-instance and third-instance systems
"Three-level review system" is the abbreviation of "three-level review responsibility system", sometimes called "three-level review responsibility system", which refers to the review system consisting of three levels: preliminary review, review and final review. This is a long-term peer review system implemented by publishing units in China. The normative documents related to publishing work have always clearly stipulated this. Article 8 of the Book Quality Assurance System issued by the Press and Publication Administration in June, 1997, stipulates once again: "Insist on the responsibility system of the third review of manuscripts", "The first review should be held by an assistant editor with the title of editor or with certain conditions", "The second review should be held by a director of the editorial department with the title of editor-in-chief and deputy editor-in-chief", and the "final review" should be held by the president and editor-in-chief with the title of editor-in-chief and deputy editor-in-chief. Or appointed by the president and deputy editor-in-chief with the titles of editor-in-chief and deputy editor-in-chief (the manuscript opinions of non-president and deputy editor-in-chief shall be reviewed by the president and deputy editor-in-chief), and it is stipulated that "three links are indispensable. In the third trial, the review of any two links cannot be held by one person at the same time. "
Second, the third trial system procedure
The third trial shall be conducted in the order of first trial, second trial and final trial. The lower trial level is responsible to the upper trial level, and the opinions of this trial level provide the basis for the peer review of the upper trial level. The superior trial level restricts the lower trial level and judges, and supplements the peer review results with the opinions of this trial level. After the third trial is passed, the manuscript can formally enter the stage of processing and sorting. This is a requirement under normal circumstances. In the specific implementation process, we can also do some flexible treatment according to different situations: if some topics involve major principles or sensitive issues and some manuscripts are too complicated, we should increase the number of reviewers or reviewers. What needs to be emphasized is that the three-trial system is a hierarchical review system, which must be adhered to under any circumstances, and it is not allowed to "cut" and lower the trial level; The responsibilities of each trial level cannot be replaced casually under any circumstances. 、
Third, the role of the three-trial system.
As far as the procedure is concerned, the three-trial system from editor to editor-in-chief has the progressive characteristics from primary to intermediate and then to advanced, with the characteristics that the lower trial level is subordinate to the upper trial level and the upper trial level is restricted by the upper trial level. As far as the goal is concerned, due to the different priorities of each trial level in the three-trial system, it also has the characteristics that the first trial level and different trial levels complement each other under the supervision of the first trial level. These characteristics also reflect the function of the three-review system: the grading review system strives to ensure the objectivity of judging and evaluating manuscripts, and avoid deviations and mistakes caused by a reviewer's lack of knowledge or responsibility or negligence in work.