The indoor environment is worrying.
Because the building materials, furniture products and decoration materials used in urban rooms and office buildings in China contain substances that are extremely harmful to human health, such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, radon and chlorinated hydrocarbons. These gradually released organic and inorganic pollutants are not discharged outdoors or decomposed indoors in time, and their concentrations gradually increase, which leads to the deterioration of indoor air quality and increasingly serious pollution, which has caused great harm to people's physical and mental health.
Indoor pollution threatens health. The "indoor" here includes not only the space where we live, but also all the indoor spaces for daily work, study and life, such as offices, classrooms, conference rooms, hotels, theaters, libraries, shops, stadiums, gymnasiums, dance halls, waiting rooms and other indoor public places, as well as airplanes, buses, cars and other means of transportation.
A study in the United States found that the indoor air pollution of many civil and commercial buildings is 2-5 times that of outdoor buildings, and some even exceed 100 times. Therefore, "indoor air pollution" is listed as the third air pollution period after "soot pollution" and "oil pollution". The International Health Organization estimates that about 30% of newly built and rebuilt buildings are pathogenic buildings, and more than 300 pollutants can be detected in the air. About 68% of human diseases are related to indoor pollution.
A large number of studies by China National Environmental Monitoring Center found that the indoor formaldehyde concentration was 15- 150 times higher than that of outdoor (indoor benzene concentration was 5- 10 times higher than that of outdoor), and the indoor air formaldehyde concentration was more than 600 times higher than that of outdoor without ventilation. According to the National Tenth Five-year Key Project "Research on Health Hazard Assessment Technology of Indoor Air Pollutants", the investigation and monitoring in six cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Changchun and Shizuishan found that after indoor decoration, the formaldehyde in the air exceeded the standard rate: 82? 3 1%, summer 93? 65%; Over-standard rate of volatile organic compounds: 70% in winter and 49% in summer. 04%。 It is conservatively estimated that more than 70% of newly renovated houses in China are not up to standard. In 2003, China Consumers Association and Provincial Consumers Association monitored the indoor air of 53 renovated houses in Hangzhou, and the results showed that the pollutants exceeded 79? 1%, exceeding the standard by more than 0 times.
With the improvement of people's living standards, people's houses are getting newer and bigger, and the decoration and furniture at home are also being updated and increased. New school classrooms, desks and chairs, new shopping malls, office buildings, buses and cars are all increasing, but the harm of indoor air pollution (including cars) is also increasing day by day. In fact, indoor air pollution in newly renovated rooms and office buildings is more common and serious. The degree of pollution is usually 5- 10 times that of outdoor, and some even reach 100 times.
According to the survey, nearly 400 million people in China suffer from asthma and allergic rhinitis to varying degrees, and poor indoor air quality is one of the main reasons. According to the data released by the Environmental Testing Center of China Interior Decoration Association, the number of deaths caused by indoor air pollution has reached 1 1? 10000, about 304 people a day.
According to a recent report by China Academy of Social Sciences, the medical expenses of human diseases caused by air pollution in China are estimated to be 17 10 billion yuan, and most urban residents spend more than 80% of their time indoors. It can be seen that the current situation of indoor air pollution in China is very serious, and its harm can not be ignored.