This is the traditional way to use documents, books and materials. Geological archives have generally opened up reading places, and some geological data are only allowed to be read and extracted in the reading room, not allowed to be read outside the library. Geological archives are generally equipped with corresponding reading management personnel, electronic reading facilities and corresponding reading management systems. When reading and abstract here, you should pay attention to the provisions of the reading place, such as no fireworks, no noise, no graffiti on the data or other acts that are harmful to geological data, and perform the procedures of reading, registration and verification of relevant abstracts. This is the most common way to use geological data.
(two) the way to borrow or copy the results.
Readers are unwilling to read in the reading room because of fragmentary reading time or other reasons. In the enterprise archives, the scientific and technical personnel of the internal system of the enterprise can borrow, copy or take away geological data for reading and utilization by performing certain procedures. This kind of borrowed or copied geological data is invisible in the archives. Due to confidentiality and other reasons, it is generally required to read in the workplace of geological and mineral technicians. The geological data is different from other files. In order to prevent abrasion and protect archives, the original archives of other archives are rarely lent out, such as original geological data (also called geological archives). There are copies of geological data, and the utilization rate is very high. The lending of the duplicate does not affect the preservation of the original. Multiple sets of geological data in the same file can be read by many people at the same time. Sometimes, many copies of geological data still can't meet the needs. The Geological Archives also agreed with the borrower to return it regularly during the borrowing period, which improved the utilization turnover rate of limited copies. The borrower completes the loan procedures by registering the loan list and signing it. If you can't return it after maturity, you will not only lose your integrity, but also be fined and refused to accept the loan again. The borrowing of geological data exists in a large number in the geological and mineral industry, and it is also one of the most common ways to use geological data. Sometimes in the enterprise system, long-term use is allowed without returning, and a copy can be taken away by the borrower. However, the users of this situation are generally the technical leaders of enterprises, and they also need to perform strict registration, signature and other related procedures, and will trace the leaker when there is a leak.
(3) the way to observe the physical display and gain perceptual knowledge.
Geological data management units generally have physical data (also called specimens) showrooms, and some geological universities or provincial geological bureaus and geological museum. Show the strata, geological attributes, paleontology, various mineral deposits and gem specimens of some blocks. The showrooms of large mineral enterprises generally have independent exhibition areas in the core reservoir area, and also have showrooms in geological archives or geological archives areas.
The observation of physical data is generally a measure to verify the accuracy of ideas with your own eyes on the basis of reading written data or core sample images. Careful observation of physical data to understand minerals and lithology requires "reading" tools, such as magnifying glasses and related programs.
(four) the way to collect samples such as cores and analyze them.
Minerals such as cores, cuttings, specimens and slices belong to precious physical and geological data. When you are interested in the geology, strata and biology of a certain area, you can not only observe the physical geological data of the area most intuitively, but also choose to observe the cores, cuttings or scanned images of typical wells in the area. If further in-depth study or investigation is needed, some physical data samples should be collected for laboratory analysis (core and cuttings sampling approval procedures) if permitted. The porosity, permeability, saturation, paleontological thin section, gas spectrum and geological age isotope determination of these objects are analyzed. Through the analysis of the report issued, we can deepen our understanding of paleogeography, paleontology, geological structure and mineral generation environment in this area.
In the process of drilling, the purpose of coring operation is to solve the following problems: (1) to obtain paleontological evidence, which is convenient for stratigraphic correlation and determination of stratigraphic age; Obtain the information of mineral formation characteristics and judge the exploration prospect of target minerals in this area; Obtain information on lithology and rock structure characteristics, and analyze and judge sedimentary facies and sedimentary environment; Obtain data such as reservoir physical properties, ore-bearing property and engineering mechanical parameters, and implement and optimize test copies; Obtain characteristic information such as stratigraphic angle, contact relationship, faults, core fractures and fractures and caves, and provide basis for judging mineral resources types and determining mineral development plans; Obtain the basic information data of dynamic and static calculation of mineral reserves and verify the development effect; In addition, it can also help solve other engineering geological problems in the project. Observing cores and specimens, collecting samples and analyzing them can solve or help solve the above problems.
Cores, cuttings and various mineral specimens are important components of physical geological data, because physical geological data cannot be viewed in archives and geological databases. If you need to view and collect samples, cores and cuttings, you must go to the physical data core library and core management system to view and sample.
The collection of physical data such as cores and cuttings shall comply with the General Rules for the Management of Geological Exploration and Drilling Cores and the relevant management systems of enterprises.
To view and collect physical data in the core library, you need to go through relevant procedures, such as issuing a letter of introduction and obtaining approval from relevant departments, so that you can enjoy the viewing reception of core management personnel or visit the core scanning image library online.
There will be a little more procedures to collect samples in the physical database, especially the core cuttings of parameter wells, data wells and important exploration wells need to be preserved permanently, and they cannot be collected casually for laboratory analysis. There is usually a strict management system. If a subject needs to collect core samples and send them to the laboratory for analysis and testing, so as to find out the porosity, permeability, oil and water saturation, etc., the relevant personnel should apply for sampling first, attach a "sample collection form", and report it to the person in charge of the subject for approval, indicating that the subject really needs analysis and research, and then report it to the superior competent leader for approval before collecting samples. In general, if the problem can be solved by observing samples, the collection of samples will not be approved. If acquisition is required, it is necessary to check whether the laboratory analysis items of relevant horizons have been done in the past, so as to prevent waste and loss caused by repeated acquisition of laboratory analysis.