How can we improve the reading speed? First, the basic skills of fast reading
1, avoid sounding. Reading aloud is an important factor affecting reading speed. Experimental statistics show that the fastest reading speed can only reach 200 words per minute, while silent reading can reach about 800 words per minute, which is four times that of reading aloud. Therefore, to improve reading, we must first learn to read silently. The key to silent reading is to avoid making any noise. Although some people can't hear any obvious noise when reading, careful observation will reveal that their lips or tongues are moving, which shows that there are still hidden noises in their reading, which will still affect their reading speed. In the actual reading training, we should consciously overcome the phenomenon of moving our lips and tongues.
2. Reduce fixation points. During reading, the eyes move in the form of a quick glance. Among them, the time of scanning only accounts for 65,438+00%, and the time of eyes staying at various fixation points accounts for 90% of the total time. It can be seen that the eyes mainly do not depend on the movement of saccades, but obtain information through the pause of gaze in saccades. In this way, reducing the gaze point in a line or even a page of text will correspondingly expand the visual range and increase the information obtained by each eye stop, thus saving reading time and improving reading efficiency.
3, shorten the eye stay time. Eye dwell time refers to the time that the eyes stay at each fixation point. Reducing the stay time will also improve the overall reading speed accordingly.
4. Avoid looking back. Looking back means glancing past a fixed point and then returning. The more times you look back, the slower you will read. Therefore, we must strive to overcome the problem of retrospection. Generally speaking, retrogression is due to inattention and self-confidence in reading, and I am always worried that I have not seen it clearly. In order to avoid reviewing, we should pay more attention to these aspects.
Second, the main methods of fast reading
1, browse mode. Browsing refers to a reading method that generally does not require a detailed understanding of books, but only roughly grasps the general content of books. It can learn as much information as possible in a limited time, which is helpful to broaden your horizons and is an important method commonly used in extensive reading.
Browsing and reading mainly focus on some key positions in the text: First, the title of the article, including the title and title of the article. The title is the eye of the article, which often summarizes the main arguments, themes or contents of the full text. By studying the topic, you can have an overall understanding of the article or book. Second, the contents, preface, abstract, index, etc. This will help readers understand the general framework and basic ideas of articles or books. The third is the text. The key to this part of browsing is the central sentence at the beginning, the end and the beginning of the middle paragraph. After browsing these key parts, you will have a general impression of the article or book. If there is something incomplete or worthy of further study, you can make necessary supplementary reading.
2. Scanning reading method. Scanning reading method refers to a fast reading method of scanning the content of an article line by line to obtain a large amount of information.
Different from the traditional reading method, scanning reading method does not read word by word, but expands the vision of eye stop as much as possible, and takes a few lines of text, a paragraph of text or even a whole page of text at each eye stop as the staring unit to gain the overall impression and understanding of the article or book at a glance. This method can scan from a few lines to a page at the earliest, and the method of page-by-page scanning is also called face reading. Because of getting rid of the semantic entanglement of individual sentences, this method not only improves the reading speed, but also does not affect the understanding as some people worry. In many cases, it can grasp the essence of the article even better than word-for-word reading. Scanning reading is very fast, but to master this method skillfully, we must often carry out special training, such as doing some vision expansion training, and pay attention to overcoming the habit of reading word by word, and consciously expand our horizons every time we stop. It is also a very effective method to use Shute digital watch for special vision development training.
3, skip reading method. Skipping reading refers to a fast reading method that skips some unimportant parts and directly reads the important content of the material.
Skipping is different from scanning. Scanning is scanning page by page, while skipping is selectively jumping forward, only staying on the most valuable content, while other minor content is skipped in large sections or even the whole page. Therefore, being good at using skip reading method can not only improve reading speed, but also quickly grasp the key points and grasp the main idea of the article. There are many specific ways to skip reading: you can skip reading at key points such as title, subtitle and bold type, which are often the main content and central theme of the article; You can read according to the tips of keywords, and most of the places with keywords are most closely related to the content or problems that readers care about; You can focus on the beginning and end of the text and skip the first or last sentence of the paragraph in the text, which are often the main points or arguments of the argumentative style; It can be skipped along the clues of plot development, for example, in narrative style, pure scenery and large static character description outside the plot can be skipped directly; We can skip reading according to the hints of grammatical structure, and grasp the ideas in the book with the help of structural words, such as "from this point of view" and "in short", which can prompt readers to find key summary sentences quickly.
4. Find a reading method. Search reading method refers to a fast reading method that searches through many related books and materials to obtain much-needed relevant information.
Search reading is a fast reading method often used in daily work and study. We look up the meaning or pronunciation of a word in a dictionary; Check the important news of the day in the newspaper; Learn about the TV programs you want to watch in the TV newspaper; Query the troubleshooting method of a fault in the product manual; Find the most interesting content in a book through the catalogue summary; When collecting relevant materials that need to be cited in writing, we will consciously or unconsciously use the search method. When looking for reading, you should be able to quickly identify and judge the details of some questions you are looking for, such as names, places, events, years, conceptual terms and so on. In the process of quickly scanning the page. This ability to quickly screen and identify information needs to be constantly exercised and improved in reading practice.
5. Guess the reading method. The guessing reading method refers to a reading method based on the topic you know or the previous article you have read, guessing the content behind in advance, and then confirming and comparing it with the actual content of the following article.
The guessing reading method transforms the reader's perspective into the author and puts himself in the author's shoes to consider the arrangement of the content of the work, so that the reading activity is always in a highly active and positive thinking state, which is helpful to improve the reader's cognitive judgment ability and creative ability. With the improvement of guessing accuracy, the time for readers to master the content of works will be greatly reduced, so guessing ability will also play an important role in improving fast reading ability. The guessing method is most common in reading works with plots, such as The Old Man and the Sea. When reading that San Diego has just met a shark, readers can guess how the author will write about his contest with the shark. What will be the final outcome? Other types of works can also be read by guessing. When reading the style of argumentative writing, you can first imagine how the author puts forward the argument, what arguments to use and what methods to demonstrate it in detail.
When using the guessing method, pay attention to it. Guess should be based on some materials in the original text, not just out of thin air, without any basis. After guessing, you should focus on reading the relevant parts of the original text and compare the guessed content with the original content. Consistency means that we have a good and accurate understanding of the work, while inconsistency means that our understanding or the author's handling of the content is problematic. In constant guessing, comparing and summarizing, the ability of guessing and reading will be continuously improved, and the ability of thinking and creativity will be well exercised.
Third, the problems that need attention in fast reading
First of all, we should keep our concentration. Fast reading requires not only speed, but also understanding. If you don't concentrate, it will be difficult to understand the content in a very short time, let alone remember and master it. Therefore, the faster you read, the more you need the reader's attention to remain highly focused. This is very important to ensure the efficiency of fast reading.
Second, improve the overall reading ability. The improvement of reading speed is directly related to the overall reading ability of readers. The habit of reading word for word increases the number of fixation points and glances, which will inevitably affect the reading speed. If many words, a sentence, several sentences or even a paragraph are read as a whole, the number of fixation points and saccades will be greatly reduced, the reading horizon will be expanded every time the eyes stop, and the reading speed will be doubled. Therefore, cultivating the habit of reading as a whole is also an important aspect of improving the ability of fast reading.
Third, correctly handle the relationship between reading speed and understanding and memory. What we call fast reading is of course reading based on understanding and memory. If we abandon the understanding and memory of the materials we read and simply pursue speed, then it is meaningless even if it is faster. Therefore, in order to improve reading speed, we must deal with the relationship between speed and understanding and memory. Fast reading must be based on a certain level of understanding and memory mastery. Generally speaking, the understanding rate of speed reading should be kept at around 70%.