China was in the Jin Dynasty in the 3rd century. With the appearance of paper and ink, seals became popular.

In the 4th century, Taoist priests enlarged their seals and printed spells with more words. This is actually a way to print words by stamping.

At the same time, rubbings of stone tablets are also developing. Combine the seal with rubbings, spread the seal into a layout, dip it in ink, imitate rubbings, and spread the paper for plate-making printing, that is, block printing.

Considering that there is bound to be a long period of development from invention to perfect application, from popularity among the people to the attention and record of the ruling class and intellectual class, experts believe that the birth of block printing is about the early years of the Tang Dynasty in the early 7th century. This is the earliest printing in the world.

Overprinting color printing is the earliest color printing in the world, and it is a complex and high-precision printing technology developed on the basis of block printing.

It uses the method of color separation and plate making to overprint multiple colors on a piece of paper. The specific operation procedure is: according to the color of the manuscript, carve it into the same specification, and then print it one by one in the order of color. The specifications and dimensions of overprint need to be accurately fixed in the appropriate position to ensure that it will not move during printing.

In ancient times, when there were no precise measuring tools and fixtures, it had to be completed by skilled skills, and the printed finished product was called overprint. In the early days of the invention of overprinter, generally only two colors of overprinter can be printed, which is called Zhu Mo version, or double printing. Later, with the improvement of technology, it developed into four-color and five-color overprinter, which is called four-color book and five-color book.

Overprinting color printing was born in China, but it is not clear when it was invented. According to historical records, in the Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127), the intersection of cyan, blue and red appeared on the copper plate, but no real objects were found. It seems that the invention of overprint color printing technology is not later than this, and the exact age remains to be discovered and studied by archaeology.

Most of the overprinter color printing products that can be seen today are from the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, which is the development period of overprint color printing in China, and many printed materials are extremely beautiful. By the Qing Dynasty, the technology of four-color overprinting, five-color overprinting and even multi-color overprinting had matured and reached a new level.

Movable type printing: in movable type printing, the production technology of movable type is the key. The ancients in our country used clay, wood, copper, tin, lead and other raw materials and made many attempts and achieved success. The basic principle of cement movable type printing invented by Bi Sheng is similar to typesetting printing of modern movable type.

He made movable type particles from clay, hardened them with fire, put them on a framed iron plate, covered them with mixed soil of rosin, wax and paper ash, heated them with fire, and flattened them with a flat plate when the mixed soil completely melted. You can prepare multiple sets of similar iron plates, one for printing and one for typesetting, so as to improve the printing speed.

Generally, there are many sets of movable type, and there are often ten commonly used words to ensure that there is no shortage of words. However, unfamiliar words are easy to get burned when you use them. Bi Sheng not only invented clay movable type, but also printed books in this way.

After Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, many movable types made of other materials appeared in China, such as wooden movable type, tin movable type, copper movable type and lead movable type. But only wooden movable type survived. As for the introduction of modern western type movable type printing.

Extended data:

In order to promote cultural exchanges and mutual learning, strengthen inter-library exchanges and cooperation, and publicize the contribution of China's printing inventions to the promotion of world civilization, the delegation of China Printing Museum was invited to participate in a series of activities held in South Korea.

At the seminar on the protection and dissemination of printing culture held in 6543812, more than 40 printing museums and related institutions around the world, including China Printing Museum, discussed and exchanged views on the future development direction of printing culture.

Eight representatives from six countries made keynote speeches at the seminar.

For example, Lee's Letters, Printing and Paper in Korea's Early Years by Korean Museum Scholars, 19, Printing and Knowledge Development in Egypt and the Arab World in the 20th Century by Library Scholars in Alexandria, Egypt, and Some Thoughts on Printing by Museum Scholars in Klinsberg, Germany: Who Printed? What is printing? Why print?

"Korea's efforts to spread and protect printing culture" by scholars from the National Science Museum of Korea. Mars, a researcher at China Printing Museum, gave an English speech on "Printing Enlightens World Civilization". In his speech, Li Ying expounded the invention and development of printing in China, saying that "technological inventions based on paper and ink, block printing and movable type printing have greatly promoted the progress of human civilization.

The invention of printing in China led and inspired the development of printing in other parts of the world, and played a great role in promoting the fate of mankind. At the same time, Li Ying pondered the modern significance of ancient civilization. Mars said: "In the hometown of printing, institutions and individuals represented by China Printing Museum are striving to promote the exchange and development of printing culture. "

It is understood that under the guiding ideology of "specialization+popularization" and "knowledge+interest", China Printing Museum has brought excellent printing culture into campus, military camp and community, and achieved good response in society. The exhibition "The Light of Printing in China" sponsored by this museum has been exhibited in more than 20 countries and regions such as the United States, Germany and Britain.

In addition, the China Printing Museum is preparing to build the World Printing Culture magazine, set up a printing-related project team and build a printing cultural heritage protection laboratory. In June this year, led by the China Printing Museum, the "National Exhibition Alliance of Printing Museums" was established by 16 printing museums nationwide.

People's Daily Online-The development of printing in China is of world significance.