"Mom, the peels should be put in the green garbage bin, the beverage bottles should be put in the blue recyclable garbage bin, the pieces of paper should be put in other black garbage bins, and the used batteries should be put in the red harmful garbage bin." After school at noon on May 16, a child from Class 4 of Yaya, a kindergarten of the county government, took her mother's hand and pointed her little hand at different colored trash cans and told her seriously.

If the garbage is divided into one point, the environment is beautiful. In order to better promote the classified treatment of domestic waste and guide children to correctly identify and throw garbage, the kindergarten of the county government started with publicity and education, organized teachers in the whole kindergarten to carry out garbage classification knowledge training and practice drills in combination with the actual situation, and actively carried out a series of activities with the theme of "thanking nature, giving back to nature and sorting garbage first", equipped with special garbage sorting barrels and placed in classrooms, offices, corridors, kitchens and other places, which promoted the effective development of garbage classification.

Children in kindergarten are young and illiterate. How to let children know the types of garbage and put them correctly is the most important thing for kindergartens to do in garbage sorting. In the theme education of children's garbage classification knowledge in county government kindergartens, each classroom has made a theme wall of garbage classification, creating an atmosphere of garbage classification environment. Through PPT animation, logo pattern of trash can body, trash can color classification, small trash can story, small trash can sitcom performance, children's painting and other relaxed and lively forms, children can better understand the types of garbage, and help children throw garbage correctly through on-site practical training.

At present, most children in government kindergartens can accurately distinguish which kind of basic garbage belongs to and which color trash can should be put in. The reporter interviewed several children randomly on campus, and the children's answers were very accurate. Suo Zhuo Lin, from Guoguo Class One, told the reporter: "I learned the knowledge of garbage sorting at school, so I must tell my mother when I go home. Because there is no sorting trash can at home, I drew a brand myself and posted it on my trash can to help my mother sort garbage. " The child's immature face showed pride.

In addition to cultivating children's awareness of garbage sorting, government kindergartens also pay attention to family education, and widely carry out the publicity and practice activities of "garbage sorting into families" by using LED display screens, family contact columns, publicity exhibition boards, and issuing proposals to parents, so as to publicize the basic knowledge of garbage sorting and disposal to parents and mobilize parents and children to jointly carry out garbage sorting, garbage reduction and garbage reuse with small hands and big hands.

In government kindergartens, a clean and tidy campus environment makes people feel very comfortable. Groups of small and exquisite trash cans can be seen everywhere, and the garbage classification pattern on the bucket is very clear, which has become a unique landscape of the campus. In the distance, aunt cleaning poured the freshly cleaned green leaves into the "wet garbage" bucket; In the classroom, the children throw the banana peels left after eating into the "kitchen waste" bucket, and the scraps of paper produced in class are placed in the remaining trash can. ...

Deputy Director Shi Fen told reporters: "Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. Garbage sorting is not a one-time thing. We have incorporated garbage sorting into the children's teaching plan. Through continuous learning and practice, let children develop a good habit of garbage sorting from an early age, turn garbage sorting into a normal state, and contribute to environmental protection. "

2. What are the tips for garbage sorting?

Benefits of garbage sorting

The benefits of garbage sorting are obvious. After sorting, the garbage is sent to the factory instead of landfill, which not only saves land, but also avoids the pollution caused by landfill or incineration, and can also turn waste into treasure. For example, waste batteries called "mini killers" all contain heavy metals such as mercury or cadmium. If these heavy metals are left underground, they can easily leach into groundwater through rainwater, causing serious persecution to water resources and land. The waste battery contains a variety of useful metal minerals, and its recycling value is very high. It is precisely because of the serious harm and special recycling value of waste batteries that many countries prohibit them from being mixed with garbage. Japanese communities have this kind of yellow bucket, which separates button cell from others. Another example is biological waste such as leftover lettuce and eggshell skin, and kitchen waste such as picked Chinese cabbage leaves, but they can all be used as good organic fertilizers. Like this big nano-dream biological waste processor in Huaibai community, biological waste can be dried and crushed to make efficient organic fertilizer. Residents can use it to grow flowers and grass. Compared with fertilizer food, vegetables grown with them are safe and healthy, and are quite popular in supermarkets. Biological waste usually accounts for 40% of the total waste. If all of them can be turned into organic fertilizers, it can not only save land for landfill, but also save vehicles and energy for transporting them and prevent them from breeding mosquitoes, flies and bacteria.

So garbage sorting has many advantages.

Introduce the environmental protection classified trash can.

Generally speaking, the common environmentally-friendly classified trash cans are divided into green, yellow and red.

Green is used to put recyclable garbage, recyclable garbage: paper, plastic, rubber, metal, glass and so on.

Yellow is non-recyclable garbage, non-recyclable garbage: mainly kitchen garbage, including peels and vegetables.

Skin, leftovers, etc.

Red toxic and hazardous wastes: batteries, fluorescent tubes, mercury thermometers,

Paint bucket, medicine, cosmetics, etc.

Slogans about garbage sorting

1. Garbage sorting has many benefits, and environmental protection depends on you and me. Please find a suitable home for garbage.

3. To turn waste into treasure, classified recycling is indispensable. If everyone has a classified heart, garbage can also be turned into gold. 5. Garbage sorting is easy.

6. If the garbage is divided, the environment will be beautiful.

7. Simple and sustainable sources of resources.

8. Throw away the "white pollution" and turn it into a "white resource". Cultivate civilized dining habits and reduce kitchen waste 10. Garbage children should be separated and live and work in peace.

3. Ask for some knowledge of garbage classification

Recyclable waste

It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various wrapping papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons and so on. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper are too water soluble to be recycled. Plastics: mainly include all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste skins, etc. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles and so on. Metal objects: mainly including cans, cans, etc. Cloth: mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. Comprehensive treatment and recycling can reduce pollution and save resources. If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% of the cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.

kitchen waste

Including leftovers, bones, roots, leaves, peels and other food wastes, can produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton by in-situ composting with biotechnology.

hazardous waste

Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.

other waste

Brick and tile ceramics, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle. According to the characteristics of garbage, it is usually treated by incineration or landfill.

4. Common sense of garbage classification

Judging from the classification methods of municipal solid waste at home and abroad, it is generally classified according to the composition and output of garbage, combined with the resource utilization and treatment methods of local garbage. For example, Germany is generally divided into paper, glass, metal, plastic, etc. Australia is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage and non-recyclable garbage; Japan is generally divided into combustible garbage, nonflammable garbage, and so on. At present, domestic garbage in China can be roughly divided into four categories: recyclable garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful waste and other garbage. At present, the commonly used garbage disposal methods mainly include comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration for power generation, composting and resource reuse.

Recyclable waste

It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on.

kitchen waste

Include food waste such as leftovers, bones, roots, leaves and peels.

hazardous waste

Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.

other waste

Including bricks and tiles, waste residue, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle, sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air.

5. Poor knowledge of garbage classification

Garbage classification knowledge

In Germany, littering is very particular. If you accidentally throw it in the wrong place, the whole community may suffer. Since 2002, I have been studying in Germany for a master's degree in environmental engineering. After school, I also worked in a garbage recycling company. Personally, I feel that Germans attach importance to environmental protection.

It took me a month to figure out how to throw garbage.

Germany's garbage recovery rate ranks first in Europe, and its garbage classification system is also very complicated.

Domestic waste can be divided into five categories: organic waste, recyclable packaging, paper, glass products and batteries. Different garbage is collected by different trash cans. For the convenience of collection, trash cans are often placed in different places. After I found a house in Germany, the first thing I did was to ask my neighbors how to throw garbage correctly. It took me a whole month to fully understand.

There are few open garbage bins, and they are basically slide-type designs. When throwing garbage, push the lid away, and the lid will automatically return to its original position after it is released. This has two advantages: first, prevent rainwater from falling into the box and turn the trash can into a water tank. Secondly, odor escape can be reduced.

Trash cans and plastic bags on the street are generally divided into yellow and blue. The former collects recyclable garbage such as paper packaging, while the latter accommodates domestic garbage such as peels.

The trash can in the kitchen is generally required to be covered with blue plastic bags, leftovers, melon peels, fruit scraps and so on. Usually left here. When the bag is full, tie a knot and carry it to the designated place outside the house. As soon as the cleaner saw the color of plastic bags, he knew how to sort them.

For organic waste (food, etc. ), Germany usually incinerates or buries it, but since 2005, the EU has banned landfill of organic waste. Incineration pollution is small, and heat can be used to generate electricity or heat. There is usually a green box next to the organic trash can, which is where the paper is thrown. Unwanted waste paper, newspapers, magazines, books and so on are thrown there.

However, it should be noted that cartons and cartons cannot be thrown in. Because it belongs to recyclable packaging, it should be thrown into a special yellow plastic bag. China people who have just arrived in Germany often don't know this. This kind of plastic bag with eye-catching recyclable logo can be obtained free of charge at the nearest post office and supermarket. Other recyclable packaging, such as cans, plastic boxes, etc. You can put it in this bag as long as the material is printed with a recyclable sign.

Every supermarket in Germany has boxes for collecting used batteries. Glass bottles and glass bottles are thrown into different bins according to their colors. Usually, the cabinets of glass products are in groups of three, and there are eye-catching color signs on the boxes: brown, green, transparent and colorless, reminding you not to throw them wrong.

If we do it again, we won't come again.

The vast majority of Germans support Germany's complicated garbage classification. A friend of mine is studying in Dresden University. He said that when he first arrived in Germany, he lived in a student apartment. Because he didn't have this habit in China, he mixed up the garbage and threw it out. One day, he saw the dormitory administrator wearing gloves to open his discarded garbage bags for reclassification, which shocked him and made him ashamed.

If you don't follow these rules, trouble will come to you. Once, I worked in a garbage recycling company and went to a community with my colleagues. A German colleague opened a yellow plastic bag marked recyclable and found a large group of moldy flour inside. Because the flour was too heavy, it broke the plastic bag and spilled it all over the floor. According to the regulations, flour should be packed in a blue bag. Soon, the staff posted a warning sign at the gate of the community to the effect that someone in your community littered and made a mistake. Now let's issue the first warning. If we do it again, we won't come again.

According to the Germans, once it happens for the second time, the garbage recycling company will punish the whole community, and the community managers will spend a lot of energy to coordinate, so everyone is extra careful.

The salary of cleaners in Germany is generally 12 euros per hour, about 3,000 euros a month, which is not lower than that of office white-collar workers. (Source/Urban Express)

6. Find a scientific teaching plan for the large class of garbage classification "wet garbage" (kitchen waste)

moving target

Understand the meaning of "garbage classification"

Understand the classification of garbage

Can learn garbage classification in daily life and improve the ability of analysis, classification and comparison.

Important and difficult

Key points: Understand the simple classification of garbage and understand the meaning of "garbage classification"

Difficulty: classified treatment of domestic waste.

Activities to be prepared

Experience preparation: I have done waste battery landfill and flower cultivation experiments.

Material preparation: making pulp tools, physical garbage and three trash cans, video recorder, paper and watercolor pens.

Activity process

First, lead to the topic

Question: What is garbage? Why do sanitation workers clean up garbage every day? What should we do with the rubbish we picked up today? Why?

Second, understand the corruption and reuse of different garbage.

1. Understanding organic waste

① Question: What will be the use of garbage such as vegetable leaves after rotting (learning word: organic garbage)? What else is organic garbage?

② Watch the video 1, recall the changes of vegetable leaves, and understand that garbage such as vegetable leaves will rot in the soil, and these garbage can slowly become fertilizer, so that other plants can grow better.

2. Know the harmful and toxic garbage

① Watch video 2, observe the changes of plastic bags, and compare them with the changes of vegetable leaves, and draw the conclusion that plastic bags will not rot, but will only accumulate and pollute the environment, causing white pollution, which will be dangerous for animals to eat carelessly. We call these rubbish hazardous waste, so we should try not to use these things or use them less to protect the environment.

② Question: We children all know that there is another kind of garbage that is poisonous. Who will talk about the harm of waste batteries to us?

(3) Watch video 3 to understand the toxicity of waste batteries and know that batteries need special treatment.

④ Question: What other toxic and hazardous wastes are there?

3. Children observe the teacher doing pulp experiments and know about recyclable garbage.

Question: What did the teacher do? What did you find?

The conclusion is that paper can be converted into pulp to make new paper, and paper can be recycled. (Learning word: recyclable garbage)

Question: What else can be recycled?

Third, garbage classification.

1. Let children design signs of organic waste, toxic harmful waste and recyclable waste.

2. Let the children sort the garbage into three buckets.

Activity expansion

Let the children find some junk information that cannot be classified. Put the garbage sorting bucket in the corner of the activity room to help children continue to learn to sort and dispose of garbage in their daily lives.

Activity evaluation

I. Design Intention

This lesson is the theme activity-the third activity in garbage. We have done two experiments before, so this lesson is the summary of the whole theme activity and the refinement of key contents. In this activity, we mainly recall the experimental process, results and do experiments by watching videos. This is mainly due to children's intuition about things and their great interest in watching videos and doing experiments. Some children asked me when I could watch the experimental video. Visual video can attract children's attention and attach great importance to the content. At the same time, the experiment is highly operational and practical, which allows children to gain common sense about garbage through personal experience. This lesson focuses on cognition and skills, mainly to let children know the different characteristics of garbage, so as to learn garbage classification.

Second, the effect analysis

Through this teaching activity, the first two experimental activities are summarized. Children have learned more about garbage, different garbage disposal methods and simple classification. In the activity, the teaching methods of video and experiment make the classroom atmosphere very active, and the children think positively and speak boldly, while the group teaching gives the children more opportunities to speak. The design of garbage classification sign map gives children the opportunity to actively participate and continue to think, and the teaching effect is good!