A. a ./a. s .- Associate Degree in Arts/Associate Degree in Science: awarded by community colleges or junior colleges after students have completed two years of general courses.

The degree of.

Academic adviser: a teacher who helps students and gives them advice on their studies. They also help students choose courses.

Academic probation, commonly known as "probation", means that students can be detained for probation because of poor academic performance. If they try for a while and still don't improve (for example, their grades don't improve), they will be expelled.

School year: normal teaching period, usually from September to June of the following year. Each school decides whether a school year is divided into two semesters, three semesters or four quarters.

Accreditation: Informal accreditation of schools, educational institutions and/or projects by nationally recognized accreditation bodies. Whether a school or educational unit files a case is related to whether the credits of one school (or unit) can be recognized by another school (or unit) during students' degree study, and it is also a prerequisite for students to obtain professional certificates or licenses.

Add card: a card that is officially printed (usually printed by a computer). Students with this card can choose additional courses within a certain term of the semester.

Advanced Placement or Advanced Standing: According to students' previous studies or experiences (often students' scores in special exams), students are allowed to avoid taking some courses that they usually have to study in order to obtain an undergraduate degree.

Register in advance: take some courses one semester in advance.

Alumna: Anyone who attended or graduated from the same school can be called an alumnus. The former (alumnus) is female (plural alumnus) and the latter (alumnus) is male (plural alumnus).

Homework: homework assigned by the teacher that must be completed within the specified time limit.

Assistant Scholarship: Scholarship for graduate students who must do some teaching or laboratory work (as an assistant) or research work (as a research assistant).

Audit: The fees and requirements for regular classes, regardless of grades or credits, are generally the same as those for regular course selection.

Bachelor's degree (bachelor's degree)

Bachelor of Arts: A degree awarded by a higher education institution after a student has completed a four-year (in some cases, five-year) undergraduate course in literature, art or humanities.

Bachelor of Science: A degree awarded by a higher education institution after a student has completed four years (in some cases five years) of undergraduate courses in science, mathematics or engineering technology.

Blue book: a small blank book with a blue cover, which can be bought in a bookstore run by the university and used as an examination book.

Announcement: See the column of "Catalogue of Institutions".

For financial supervisor, please refer to the column of financial supervisor (financial supervisor or financial supervisor of colleges and universities).

Cafeteria: A cafeteria operated by a school or a private contractor.

Campus: The location of a university or college.

Karel (Special Desk): A reading desk provided by the library for individual readers to do research in the stacks.

Cashier: A staff member of the Finance Department or the Chief Financial Officer's Office of an institution of higher learning who is responsible for all payment matters.

Certificate: a certificate obtained after completing a specific technical learning project, usually for one to two years, with qualified grades.

Class: The word "class" can be interpreted in many ways. (1) "Class" refers to a group of students who take the same course under the guidance of the same lecturer or professor; (2) "Grade" refers to students in the same academic year, such as Class One, Class Two, Class Three and Class Four; (3) "Class" refers to students who graduated in a specific year, such as "1997 class".

Class card: A formal card, usually printed by a computer, that allows the holder to attend a class.

Class Rank: indicates the ranking or ratio of students' academic achievements in the graduating class. In the grade of 100 students, the grade ranking of the first student is1100, and the last one is 100/ 100. Grade rankings can also be expressed as percentages, such as the top 25% and the bottom 50%.

College: an institution of higher education that offers undergraduate courses, usually for four years, and awards graduates with bachelor's degrees in arts or science. Sometimes, the word also refers to all institutions of higher learning after completing secondary education.

College catalogue: the official publication of a college or university, introducing its courses and facilities (such as laboratories, student dormitories, etc.) ), admission conditions and student life.

Community College or Junior College: An institution of higher education offering two-year courses, which awards two-year graduates of arts and sciences an associate degree or technical degree in arts or sciences. Four-year higher education institutions that award bachelor's degrees usually recognize credits earned at community colleges or junior colleges. Students who study two-year courses are generally preparing for professional or technical work in the future. Admission to community colleges and junior colleges usually requires a high school diploma or equivalent.

Conditional Admission: Students who do not meet all the admission conditions and are temporarily admitted to the school are given the opportunity to try to attend the school within a certain period of time until they meet the admission conditions.

Consortium: several universities and/or colleges not far away form a cooperative relationship. Students can expand the scope of course selection, * * * share library books and materials, and * * * enjoy various educational opportunities.

Cooperative Education: a highly integrated work and study project, in which students devote all their time in the whole semester of a school year to gain practical experience in their own professional fields.

Core courses: Colleges and universities set up a number of undergraduate courses in various disciplines as compulsory courses for students studying a certain degree, also known as "compulsory courses".

Courses: classroom teaching is carried out as scheduled, and one to five class hours (or more than five hours) are arranged every week in a semester. A degree-granting course always consists of a certain number of compulsory courses and elective courses, and the regulations of each school are different. Courses offered by schools usually have designated names and codes (such as Mathematics 10 1) to show their differences.

Course load: the total number of courses registered by students in a semester.

Course number: the code assigned to the course, such as "Chemistry 103".

Tutoring: In the last period before the exam, I concentrated on memorizing words and crammed for the exam.

Credits: units used by colleges and universities to record students' completion of required courses (passing or higher scores) to obtain degrees. The fact sheets of colleges or universities list the academic scores and types of credits required to award various degrees, and illustrate the value of each course through the number of credits-or credit hours and credit points.

Absenteeism: Not attending classes without permission.

Dean: the dean of a professional graduate school or college attached to a university. The director of a department is also called the dean.

Dean's list: The department or college publishes a list of ordinary undergraduates who have achieved excellent results this semester every semester, and all the students on the list are excellent students.

Degree: a diploma or academic title awarded by a college, university or vocational school to a student who has completed a prescribed course.

Department: the administrative branch of a school, college or university (such as English Department and History Department) according to the professional disciplines.

Discussion group: students discuss the content of the professor's lecture in groups with professors or teaching assistants.

Dissertation: Writing a thesis on my initial research topic is usually one of the last requirements for awarding a doctorate.

Doctor (PhD.): The highest degree awarded by the university to students who have completed at least three years of postgraduate courses after obtaining bachelor's and/or master's degrees and have demonstrated their academic ability in oral and written tests and original research submitted in the form of doctoral thesis.

Dormitory: Accommodation facilities for students on the campus of a university or college. A general student dormitory includes a student dormitory, a bathroom, a lounge shared by several people, and sometimes a canteen.

Drop-out card: an officially printed card, usually printed by a computer, that allows students to drop out of a course before a specified time without punishment.

Dropout: a student who has left school and has no intention of returning to school in the near future.

Elective course: Compared with compulsory courses, students can "freely choose" courses to get credits when they strive for a degree.

English as a second language (ESL): An English course for people whose mother tongue is not English.

Night University: A branch of a regular college, mainly for adults who have already joined the work, and study university courses in their spare time.

Extracurricular activities are part of students' normal life, not formal classroom teaching activities, such as extracurricular sports activities, students' social activities, dancing, joining clubs and so on.

Teachers: All the teachers and sometimes all the teaching staff in a school are responsible for formulating the courses offered by the school.

Plan.

Cost: The cost of various services provided by the school except tuition.

Scholarship: a scholarship or research fund usually given to graduate students.

Final exam: the final exam or the final exam of the course.

Scholarship: refers to all kinds of funds, loans and part-time jobs provided to students.

Foreign Student Adviser: A person who contacts a university and is responsible for introducing and giving guidance to international students in the following aspects: rules and regulations stipulated by the US government, student visas, school rules and regulations, social customs, language, economic or housing issues, travel plans, insurance and some legal issues. Also known as "International Student Advisor".

Fraternity: a social activity organization in which male college students participate. Inviting members to participate is generally limited to undergraduates. Sometimes members of the same fraternity live in a big house called Brotherhood (or "Brotherhood").

Freshman: a freshman in high school or university.

Achievement: Evaluation of students' learning.

Grade Point Average: abbreviated as GPA, it is calculated by multiplying the scores obtained in each course by the credits according to the system of recording academic performance according to the average scores of all subjects.

Scoring system: American schools, colleges or universities generally use letters to indicate the quality of students' academic performance: A (excellent), B (good), C (medium), D (middle and lower) and F (failing). Undergraduate students generally have to get above C to get promoted, and graduate students have to get above B. Sometimes scoring systems such as P (passing), S (general) and N (no credit) are used. In the scoring system, 100 is the highest score, and 70 or 65 is usually the lowest passing line.

Graduate students: students who have completed high school or university courses, among whom graduate students are also called graduate students. Postgraduate courses in universities usually refer to courses for students who have obtained bachelor's degrees.

Scholarship (grant, subsidy, student's periodic allowance): a grant or allowance for undergraduate or graduate students.

Scholarship: a grant given to students according to their financial needs, regardless of whether their academic performance is excellent or not.

Fraternity of Honor: an honorary organization established for students with excellent academic performance or excellent service in universities, named after the Greek alphabet.

ID (Identity Card): A card that proves that the cardholder is a student. This card is generally issued by colleges or universities when they register, and it is an important way to prove their identity inside and outside the campus (especially inside the campus).

Incomplete: A temporary grading method for courses, which is given to those who fail to complete the courses at the end of the semester, although their grades are qualified. If students fail to complete their original studies, they must give valid reasons and make up for them within the time limit specified by the tutor, otherwise they will be rated as "F" or "failed".

Autonomous learning: Students independently complete a specific course or a research project, thus obtaining credits. "Autonomous learning" is generally carried out under the supervision of the instructor, which is often a reward for students who have achieved excellent results in major subjects.

Interdisciplinary major: a comprehensive study of research projects of two or more disciplines or academic departments. For example, "Latin American Studies" requires a comprehensive study of the courses of history department, literature department and political department.

Junior: A junior in a high school, college, or university.

Suspension: students with excellent academic performance are allowed to suspend their studies for a period of time before continuing their studies.

Lecture: general teaching methods of university courses. The professor gives lectures in a class of 20 to hundreds of students, supplemented by regular group discussions under the guidance of teaching assistants.

Liberal arts (or "liberal arts", or "both arts and sciences"): generally refers to humanities (language, literature, philosophy, art), social sciences (economics, sociology, anthropology, history, politics) and natural sciences (mathematics, physics, chemistry).

Loan: Give students a certain amount of money in advance to complete their studies, and ask them to repay it gradually in cash or labor after leaving school.

Under the teacher: the first and second grades of undergraduate course.

Major: the subject or professional field in which students concentrate their studies. Undergraduate students usually study liberal arts general courses in the first two years, and then choose a professional subject.

Master's degree: a degree awarded by an institution of higher learning to students who have completed at least one year of courses and met certain academic requirements after obtaining a bachelor's degree.

Officially registered: Officially registered by a university or college.

Mid-$ TERM: an exam held in the middle of the semester

Minor: a subject or professional field in which students concentrate on their studies after major.

Multiple-choice exam: a form of exam in which each question is followed by two or more answers, from which students must choose the correct answer.

Unaccepted student: a student in a university or college who explicitly does not take a degree when he enters school, also known as a "degree-free" student.

Non-resident: A student who does not meet the requirements of local residents in a state or city with a public university or college. The tuition fees charged by public universities or colleges for local residents and non-local residents and the admission methods adopted may be different. Foreign students are usually classified as non-local residents, and it is almost impossible to change their status as local residents in the future to reduce tuition fees. Most public schools do not allow foreign students with student passports to be classified as local residents.

Open-book exam: an exam that allows students to consult textbooks.

Oral test: an exam in which professors ask questions orally and students answer them orally. In other words, they answer questions orally rather than in writing.

Pass/fail scoring system: a scoring method, in which only "pass" or "fail" is recorded in satisfaction, and no grades are recorded.

Placement Test: Test students' academic ability in a certain subject, so as to arrange students to take appropriate courses in the subject. Sometimes students can get credits according to the results of such exams.

"Prelims": the abbreviation of "preliminary test". An oral examination presided over by the professors' committee. Candidates must pass this exam before they can qualify for a doctorate. The "pre-test" is mainly to evaluate the knowledge level of candidates in the subject area of doctoral degree.

Prerequisites: projects or courses that students must complete before taking a higher level course.

Probation: See the column of "Academic Probation".

Honorary professor: an academic title sometimes awarded to retired teachers.

Professional school: a graduate school specializing in business management, medicine, dentistry and law.

Quarter (one semester with four semesters in a school year): lasts for ten to twelve weeks.

Quiz: A small written or oral test, not as formal as an exam.

Letter of recommendation (also known as "personal letter of recommendation" and "personal obligation"

Or "personal recommendation letter": a letter written by a professor or employer who knows the applicant's quality, learning level and work level to evaluate the applicant's qualification.

Registrar: the person in charge of school administration, who records students' academic achievements.

Registration: Choose the courses to be studied this semester.

Compulsory course: a course that students must study and get qualified grades in order to obtain a specific degree.

Research paper: A written report explaining the research results and original opinions.

Dormitory: synonymous with "dormitory".

Scholarship (undergraduate scholarship): a kind of financial aid provided in the form of scholarship, which can be free of tuition and/or tuition and miscellaneous fees.

Term (two semesters in a school year): lasting from 15 to 16 weeks, usually equivalent to half a school year.

Seminar: a group teaching form specially designed for the fourth grade and graduate students. Under the guidance of the professor, independent research is combined with classroom discussion.

Senior: A senior student in a high school, college, or university.

Registration form: an informal way to register for activities. People who are interested in an activity can sign up on a special list to show their participation.

Social Security Number (SSN): A number compiled by the U.S. government for individuals to deduct insurance premiums for old age, family members and disability and related tax matters from their wages. Anyone with a regular job or bank account must have such a number. Many schools use social security numbers as numbers to identify students.

Sophomore: A sophomore in high school, college, or university.

Sorority: a social activity organization in which female college students participate. Members are generally limited to undergraduates. Sometimes members of the same fraternity live in the same room.

Take-home test: a written test that students can take home or dormitory to complete.

Test: that is, the exam. Any project that measures students' learning progress.

Thesis: a written article written by a candidate for a bachelor's degree or a master's degree, including the research results of a specific topic.

Transcript (report card): A certified academic list, which records the names of the courses students have taken, their academic achievements and the final scores of each course. The official transcript also indicates the date of the degree award.

Three-semester system (three semesters per academic year): it lasts for 16 weeks, and each academic year can be divided into three semesters with roughly equal time.

True or false test: a form of test in which the answers are written on the test paper, and students only need to mark "right" or "wrong".

Tuition: fees charged by schools for teaching and training (excluding books).

Undergraduate: a person who enters a college or university after graduating from high school and has not yet obtained a degree.

Unit: same as "credit".

Universities: Higher education institutions usually include one or more four-year undergraduate colleges that award bachelor's degrees, a graduate school of arts and sciences that awards master's and doctoral degrees, and some professional graduate schools.

Guru: Grade three or four.

Suspension: to suspend classes or leave school.

Postal code: A series of numbers (5 or 9) in the mailing address, indicating which postal area of the United States the recipient is in.