Pyramid of khufu, Hanging Gardens, Temple of Al themis, Statue of Zeus in Olympia, Mausoleum of Mo Solas, Colossus of Rhode Island and Alexander Lighthouse.
1, pyramid of khufu.
Construction time: about 263 BC1year-2498 BC.
Construction site: near Giza near Cairo, Egypt.
Architectural features: There are 80 pyramids in Egypt, the largest of which is the Pyramid of Giza, which was built around 2600 BC, and all of them were artificially built. How did the ancient Egyptians carve stones and build tombs? The layout of the passages and rooms inside the mausoleum is like a maze. How the ancient Egyptians built it is still controversial.
At first, the polished gray limestone blocks on the outside of the pyramid almost disappeared. What we are seeing now is the light yellow limestone below, revealing its internal structure. There is a tomb in the center of the pyramid, which can be entered through the tunnel. On the top of the tomb, several large stones weighing dozens of tons are stacked on top of each other. The completed pyramid was used as a tomb. Ancient Egyptians believed in immortality after death. At first, the tombs in the pyramids were filled with gold and various valuables.
2. Hanging Garden
Construction time: about 6th century BC.
Location: Babylon, east of the Euphrates River, about 50 miles south of Baghdad, the capital of Iraq.
Of course, the hanging gardens in Babylon were not suspended in the air. The origin of this name is that people misinterpret the original Greek "kremastos" and Latin "pensilis" (meaning "hanging" besides "protruding") as "hanging". Like the Colossus of Rhode Island, archaeologists have yet to find the remains of the Hanging Gardens.
3. Temple of Artemis
Construction time: about 550 BC
Construction site: the soul of freedom in ancient Greece, about 50 kilometers south of Izmir, Turkey.
Artemis (Greek α ρ ρ ε ι δ, Latin Artemis) is the goddess of the moon and hunting in Greek mythology and the sister of Apollo, the sun god. Roman mythology called her Diana, Egyptians called her Bastiato, and Arabs called her Rath. In ancient Greece, the goddess themis was deeply worshipped, so she built the Temple of themis, one of the seven wonders.
4. The colossus of Zeus in Olympia
Construction Time: About In 457 Bc
Construction site: Olympia, Greece.
Introduction: Zeus is the god of Greek gods, the main god of Olympia. The statue of Zeus built for sacrifice is the largest indoor statue in the world, and the temple of Zeus where the statue of Zeus is located is the birthplace of the Olympic Games. Philo of Byzantium wrote about the Seven Wonders: "We are proud of the other six wonders, but we are afraid of the statue of Zeus."
The temple of Zeus was the religious center of ancient Greece. The temple is located in the center of a vast flat land on the Rizos River southeast of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece, and is in charge of Zeus, the god of ancient Greek gods. This place was full of hills in Huang Chengcheng, but in ancient Greece, it was surrounded by green valleys and cool streams, with elegant scenery and was the religious center at that time. In ancient Greece, this area was located outside the walls of Athens. In Hadrian's time, in order to expand the scale of Athens and expand the city walls, temples were incorporated into the city.
5. Mausoleum of Mo Solas
Construction time: about 353 BC
Construction site: ancient Greece, now southwest Turkey.
The temple of Mao Solas's tomb in Halicarnassus is about 45 meters high, and the upper part of the pedestal is in the shape of a stepped pyramid. The statue of King Solas of the Kingdom of Caria may stand at the top. This mausoleum was destroyed in an earthquake in the 3rd century. This huge white marble mausoleum was built for Mo Solas and his wife. The whole building was designed by two Greek designers, decorated with strange carving patterns, and the statue of Mo Solas was carved on the top. Fu Yijian's achievement is well known, but it was destroyed by a great earthquake in the early 3rd century. The British Museum in London still retains some remaining sculptures.
Mao Solas's Tomb Temple is located in Halicarnassus. Its ground floor is rectangular, with an area of1.200m2 and a height of 45m.. The pier wall is 20m high, the column is12m high and the pyramid is 7m high. About 400 exquisite statues decorate the mausoleum, among which the top four carriage statues are 3 meters high. The building is surrounded by pier walls. The sculpture of Mausoleum Temple was made by four famous sculptors, Briasis, Leo Chales, Scopas and Timothy, each of whom was responsible for one side of the tomb temple.
6. the colossus of the sun god in Rhode island
Construction time: about 282 BC
Construction site: Aegean Sea-Rhodes Port, Greece.
The Colossus of Rhode Island in Greece is the most mysterious of the Seven Wonders. This colossus was built at the entrance of Rhodes Harbor. It is a bronze statue of Helius, the Greek sun god, about 33 meters high.
7. Alexandria lighthouse
Construction time: about 28 BC1year.
Construction site: Faross Island near Alexandria.
Following the orders of Ptolemy (the first Ptolemy Pharaoh who ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great (King of Macedonia)), the Faros Lighthouse in Alexandria was built on an artificial island in 300 BC. Due to vague historical records, the estimated height is between115-150m (377-492ft), and it is made of shiny white limestone or marble.
Extended data
Historical background:
The Mediterranean Sea is the largest land sea on earth, located between Europe, Asia and Africa, and connected with the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. It has less wind and waves, the sea is not frozen, the coastline is tortuous, there are many islands and many natural ports. Along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean, from the Nile Delta, the Levant, the fertile crescent, the two river basins to Anatolia, many important human civilizations have been nurtured. From the 40th century to the 2nd century, there were the earliest two-river civilizations, including four ancient civilizations of Babylon and ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, the originator of western civilization, and ancient Rome, an intercontinental empire known as the "cradle of civilization".
From 1 1 century, the ancient Greek civilization began, and its unique city-state social structure gradually formed in the 8th century. Through the prosperous maritime trade, ancient Greek sailors brought what they saw and heard at sea to the polis.
In the 5th century A.D., Herodotus, an ancient Greek, traveled to countries along the Mediterranean Sea in order to study the Persian War, and compiled the collected data into history (Greek:? στορ? α χ), which contains the urban planning of Babylon and the pyramids of ancient Egypt, is the earliest written record about the seven wonders of ancient times.
334 years ago, Alexander the Great led the ancient Greek army across Heller (now the Daniil Strait), conquered the entire Persian Empire, crossed the Hindu Kush Mountains, entered India and turned back. At this point, ancient Greece reached its peak, and many representative major projects, buildings and historical sites were built one after another. During this period, born in the ancient Greek colony Libya, the famous poet, scholar and bibliographer Kalimarcos (Greek: κ α λ λ? μαχο? While working in the library of Alexandria in ancient Egypt, he wrote a document called Wonders of the World, which has been lost.
In the 2nd century, after four Macedonian wars, ancient Greece was conquered by Rome, and Roman culture was deeply influenced by ancient Greek culture. According to legend, 224 years ago, Philo, a pioneer in mechanics, wrote the Seven Wonders of the World. The listed great buildings became the existing "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World" and have now been lost. Until the 7th and 8th centuries, Bede, a historian in Northumbria, England in the Middle Ages, wrote a paper entitled "About the Seven Wonders of the World (Latin: de Seth Mondi Milla Koulis)", which described the seven wonders of the world listed by Philo and was the earliest complete record.
In addition, around 140 BC, Antipat, a Greek poet in Sidon, wrote a poem praising the achievements of the world and listed seven wonders, which are the same as those of the ancient world except the lighthouse of Alexandria.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Wonders of the World