Wenzhou a hundred years ago

From Qiao Yuan to Canghe Lane, from the front of the county seat to Yuanxi Lane, and then to Century Square ... Over the past hundred years, Wenzhou Library has experienced vicissitudes and always quietly exuded the brilliance of knowledge. Over the past century, Wenzhou Library has adhered to the social function of spreading knowledge and inheriting civilization, and has played an active role in promoting the construction of public cultural service system, improving the scientific and cultural quality of the whole people and enhancing the degree of urban civilization.

On May 9th, Wenzhou Library celebrated its 0/00th anniversary, and the Wenzhou Library, which had been renovated for one year, officially opened. According to reports, the new library has more than 3 million books and 6.5438+0.37 million electronic books, covering an area of 30,000 square meters.

Twain's centenary celebration is undoubtedly a great event in Wenzhou people's cultural life. When Wenzhou Library is about to turn a new page, let's look back on the process of "Hundred Years Warm Map and Context Inheritance".

1

"Qiao Yuan Library" brought by the new ideological trend

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, under the influence of the west wind spreading eastward, a group of politicians in Wenzhou actively spread western learning, advocated reform ideas and sought the way to save the country. In the eleventh year of Tongzhi (1872), Lan Xin Bookstore appeared in Wenzhou, which played a great role in opening up local style of study and people's wisdom and promoting the cause of reform and political reform. In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), the establishment of Yuhai Building pushed the Wenzhou culture of19th century to a new height.

Under the historical trend, modern libraries are ready to appear. At this time, a legend appeared in Wenzhou, and he was Sun Yirang.

As early as the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), Sun Yirang began to contact western scientific civilization and explore the way to save the country and strengthen the country. He went out of his study, expounded western learning, discussed reform, set up industries and schools, and tried to enlighten the people's wisdom and innovate politics in order to save the nation.

1908, the great scholar died unfortunately. Wenxian scholars and all walks of life were deeply saddened, so they proposed to set up a special shrine to commemorate their academic and academic achievements.

Therefore, people at home and abroad generously bought the former site of Coco Park on the Jiu San River, converted it into a garden, and built a library next to the temple. At that time, no one expected that this move would sow brilliant seeds for Wenzhou's book culture.

Qiaoyuanmen

1965438+On May 9, 2009, this library was officially opened to the public and was named Old Wen Shu Public Library. Because the library is in the tea garden, it is customarily called "Tea Garden Library". After public recommendation, Wang Yuying became the first director of the Old Wenzhou Public Library. When Twain was founded, only more than 2,000 books were donated by bookstores in Zhejiang and Guangdong. After that, the society was mobilized to donate books, which gradually increased the collection to 1925 volumes, totaling 26 190 volumes.

Qiao Yuan reading room

2

Guarding precious ancient books in the war

In the 1940s, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression entered a difficult stalemate. During the eight-year Anti-Japanese War, Wenzhou fell three times. In order to protect Twain's precious ancient books, Mr. Mei Lengsheng, the curator who loves books as much as his life, worked hard and racked his brains.

Mr. Mei Lengsheng

194 1 In the spring of, the old curator Sun was transferred to the director of Zhejiang Library. Mei Lengsheng was attacked by the Japanese invaders at the beginning of his tenure, and the ancient city fell. Due to the rush of time, the ancient books could not be transferred for a while, so the curator Mei took emergency measures to disguise the ancient books and hide them in the dark wall. Fortunately, the Japanese invaders quickly retreated and the ancient books were safe and sound. In order to prevent accidents, Director Mei packed and scattered the precious ancient books in the collection and hid them in the attic of relatives and friends. On July 1942+0 1 Japan, when the Japanese invaders invaded Wenzhou again, they dodged another bullet.

1944, before Wenzhou fell for the third time, Twain's employees moved rare books, rare books and books with good block prints to Wencheng remote mountainous area, and placed them in Wenchang Pavilion in Longxing Village, and assigned special personnel to take care of them. Until the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, these precious ancient books finally returned to Twain unscathed.

Mr. Mei loves books and has won the trust and support of the people. After the war, there was a new upsurge of book donation, and all walks of life donated books in succession, making the library collect more than 70 thousand books. From the end of the Anti-Japanese War to the eve of liberation, funds were extremely difficult. They once lived by raising money and borrowing money, but they still insisted on opening up and held academic lectures to provide various conveniences for progressive youth. Academic celebrities such as Xia Nai and Su have been invited to give lectures, and literature exhibitions such as "Ancient Books Edition" and "Sun Yirang's Works" have been held. Sometimes, there will be a guessing game on the first floor, which greatly enriches the cultural life of citizens.

three

Guo Moruo wrote an inscription on the warm map of the guests as a souvenir.

1949 Wenzhou was liberated in May, and the library was taken over by the people's government. At the beginning of the founding of New China, the library funds were temporarily borne by land rent, the municipal government gave appropriate subsidies, and the municipal electric power company provided free power supply. It is open until nine o'clock every night, and books are sent to Zhongshan Park by mobile bookshelves for the public to read. The method of borrowing books by shops in the old society is abolished, which is convenient for the people.

/kloc-0 changed its name to Wenzhou Library in June, 1950, and/kloc-0 changed its name to its present name in June, 1955. Due to the timely suggestion of curator Mei Lengsheng, the books of famous writers in Wenzhou were properly protected in the land reform and taken over by the municipal library. At the same time, it also accepted books donated by public and private collectors such as Yuhailou, and the collection of ancient books increased to 200,000, with 6.5438+0.5 million volumes catalogued (excluding books).

1952, Wang Xing's old house in Shitan Lane, which was temporarily moved and borrowed by the lending department, was opened due to disrepair of Qiao Yuan Pavilion. In the same year, the municipal government allocated a special fund of 8,000 yuan to buy a Jinshi Building in Canghe Lane. 1953 In May, Wenzhou Library moved to a new location. The building has changed from a bungalow in the garden to a three-story residence with a usable area of about 1300 square meters.

Cang he Xiang Guan she

On Children's Day 1953, Twain also established a children's reading room and a children's book lending office.

Wenzhou library children branch

1964 In May, Mr. Guo Moruo, then vice chairman of the National People's Congress, visited Twain and highly praised their spirit of serving readers and wrote an inscription as a souvenir.

four

Small soybeans become seeds for spreading knowledge.

During the "land reform" movement, Mei Lengsheng went to various places and rescued tens of thousands of precious ancient books from land reform teams, paper mills and even waste piles. With his efforts, the collections of famous bibliophiles in Wenzhou are basically gathered in Wenzhou Library. During a trip to the countryside, Mei Lengsheng found a book "Wenzhou Fuzhi" engraved in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, which was later confirmed as the only complete book in China.

1in the summer of 966, Twain was forced to close down, but the staff still stuck to their posts. Through the efforts of all parties, Twain did not burn a book in the library during the Cultural Revolution, but shipped it back from the society for safekeeping and searching, totaling more than 20,000 books. Later, according to the party's policy, all books and cultural relics seized by their owners were returned to their original owners. At the same time, it also spent 6,000 yuan to acquire Wenzhou Antique Bookstore, which was forced to close.

After the Cultural Revolution, Wenzhou Library in Canghe Lane reopened. Many old readers still remember that there was a small wooden box at the entrance of the reading room at that time, and every reader who went in put a soybean in the wooden box. After the museum is closed every day, the staff counts the number of people by counting soybeans. Small soybeans, like seeds with knowledge, are everywhere in Wenzhou.

In order to expand the collection scale, Twain moved for the second time on June 5438+0973 and June 5438+00, and moved to the front of the county seat to build a new four-story building with a construction area of1500m2. Together with the Ancient Books Department of Huiqiaoxia Village, with a total area of 3,200 square meters and a collection of 400,000 books, it is the oldest and richest public library in the province.

Xian Qian tou Guan she

five

After the repair, the "spaceship" set sail again.

Yuan Xi Xiang Guan she

1998, funded by the municipal government and sponsored by Taiwan compatriot Ms. Yao, moved from the old library in front of the original county to the new library at the foot of the mountain, with a building area of 9,200 square meters and a collection of nearly 700,000 books. Computerized management has been gradually realized, providing readers with various services such as browsing, information retrieval, document retrieval, CD reading, data downloading, data copying, multimedia audio-visual and remote login.

In 2005, the modern library located in Shifu Road successfully passed the completion acceptance and officially opened. The new library building has a total area of more than 30,000 square meters, and its shape is spindle-shaped, just like a huge spaceship docked beside a piece of clear water. The name of the museum is 1964 written by Guo Moruo.

It is worth mentioning that Qiao Yuan Forum, which first started at 1998, has become a well-known lecture brand in Wenzhou. Qiao Yuan Forum invited famous scholars at home and abroad and local experts to hold various lectures on the most cutting-edge and hot topics. Up to now, 108 1 has been held, with more than 200,000 participants and won the honor of "Zhejiang Excellent Lecture Brand".

Since May last year, Wenzhou Library has been closed for renovation, and the construction of a new library has been receiving much attention. From now on, the new museum will be reopened, and the update will be more comfortable and more cultural. According to reports, the new library has more than 3 million books and 6.5438+0.37 million electronic books, covering an area of 30,000 square meters.

The century-old temperature map leads the scholarly Wenzhou, a cultural monument in Wenzhou people's hearts, and will embrace the information age with brand-new technology.

Chronicle of events

● Wenzhou Library, formerly known as Qiao Yuan Library, was built in1965438+May 2009.

● Wenzhou was liberated in May 1949, and the library was taken over by the people's government, with full financial allocation.

● In June, 1950 was renamed as Wenzhou Library, and in June, 1955 was renamed as its current name.

●1In May 1964, Mr. Guo Moruo, then vice chairman of the National People's Congress, visited Twain, spoke highly of their spirit of serving readers and wrote an inscription as a souvenir.

●19665438+February, forced to close during the "Cultural Revolution".

● 1969, merged with the Municipal Cultural Management Committee to form a cultural relics library.

● 1970 10 month, reopened.

● 1979, resume separate organizational system.

● 1986, Shangcun Road Ancient Books Branch Library was completed.

● 1998 10, Yuanxi Lane was completed and opened to traffic.

● From June 5438 to February 2005, the new museum moved into Shifu Road and was officially opened to the public.

● 2065438+In May 2009, the museum reopened.

Looking for Twain's "Treasure of Town Hall"

Wenzhou Library has always kept a low profile, but its collection is also "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon", especially the ancient books library on the seventh floor, which has about10.5 million books with traditional binding, including rare books, inscriptions of past dynasties, genealogy and so on. On May 9th, Twain celebrated its centenary birthday. We travel through time and space to show you the precious ancient books and feel the charm of traditional culture.

1

Wanli Wenzhou County Records

Aspect: the treasure of the town hall, domestic orphans

The criteria for measuring the value of ancient books mainly include historical relics, academic materials and artistic expression. Thirty-three years of Wanli (1605) was published by Tang Rizhao, the magistrate of Wenzhou in Ming Dynasty. The book is wired in 12 and * *18 volumes, with maps of Wenzhou prefecture and its subordinate counties such as Yongjia, Ruian, Yueqing, Pingyang and Taishun, and records the politics, economy and culture of Wenzhou in Ming Dynasty.

The education teacher learned that there are three editions of this book, and the Ming Wanli edition hidden in Twain is the only relatively complete edition in China. In addition, the Japanese Cabinet keeps one copy and the National Library keeps one copy.

In 1950s, when Mei Lengsheng, then the curator, went to the countryside, she bought this book on a "sugar bear". Later, after several drastic changes in the library, this book survived under the protection of librarians and librarians and became one of Twain's most important properties.

2

Chinese translation of the Manifesto of the Productive Party

Highlights: The earliest Chinese translation of Producers' Party Manifesto published in China has a misprint of the title.

In the ancient books library on the seventh floor of the Municipal Library, there is the earliest Chinese translation of the the Communist Party of China (CPC) Declaration, which was printed in August 1920, with a history of nearly a hundred years.

The staff told the educational administration teacher that this 56-page book, translated by Chen Wangdao, a famous linguist in China, uses traditional Chinese characters and new punctuation, and is the best existing rare book in China. It is worth mentioning that the title of the title page, "Declaration of the Communist Party of China (CPC) * * *", was accidentally misprinted as "Declaration of the Communist Party of China (CPC) * * *", but even this small mistake became strong evidence that the book was first translated into1August 920.

There is a short story about the origin of this book. 1967, Wenzhou Antique Bookstore closed down. At that time, although the city library was short of funds, it still bought 20,000 books (including about 6,000 ancient books), and the first translation of the Manifesto of the Producers' Party was among them. Because this edition of the Producers' Party Manifesto is extremely rare, the city library is also on alert for its protection, but it is not difficult for readers to have a look. Using modern scanning technology, technicians made the first translated scanned version of the Manifesto of Producers' Party, which can be viewed by scanning the QR code.

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three

Wenzhou classic chronicle

Highlights: Sun Yirang, a warm-blooded scholar, personally revised it and was selected as the first batch of national precious ancient books.

Wenzhou Classic Chronicle is a bibliography masterpiece by Wenzhou scholar Sun Yirang, which contains 1759 works of Wenzhou scholars from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. This book is rich in historical materials and has a proper identification of counterfeits. It is praised by Jiang Liangfu as "the ancestor of local literature bibliography in modern Huiji".

The book was first written in the summer of Tongzhi eight years (1869), and was revised twice in the middle. It was finalized in the third year of Guangxu (1877). Wenzhou Library has three drafts: the first draft, the second draft and the final draft. The first draft has 21 volumes, totally 18 volumes, in which there are traces of the modification of Sun Yirang's ink painting. Twenty-one manuscripts, thirty-two volumes and eight volumes supplemented by Yang Shaolian's manuscripts were revised by Sun Yirang and Sun. The final version is eight volumes, totaling 12 volumes, and a small number of ink pens and floating labels have been corrected. After these manuscripts flowed out of Yuhailou, they were collected by Yang Shaolian, a calligrapher and engraver in Ruian. In 35 years of the Republic of China, Qiao Yuan Library (the predecessor of Wenzhou Library) was purchased for 900,000 yuan, and these three manuscripts were selected into the first batch of national precious ancient books.

Compared with other similar ancient books, this book has the following advantages: complete collection, providing important historical documents for studying Wenzhou style; Reasonable arrangement, the same category is sorted by dynasty, and the authors of the same dynasty are arranged in the order of birth and death; In addition, the research is detailed, and the source of the description will be specific to the volume.

four

Ritual justice

Aspect: Liang Qichao called it "the last book and the best book in Qing Dynasty"

Justice of Zhou Rites is one of Sun Yirang's most important representative works, which was called "the last book and the best book of Confucian scholars in Qing Dynasty" by Liang Qichao. The book was first written in the 12th year of Tongzhi (1873) and finalized in the 25th year of Guangxu (1899). Its surviving manuscript is divided into two parts, one in the city library and the other in the Wenzhou Museum. This manuscript is a proof before printing, and it has been approved by calligraphy, but it has not changed much, which is similar to the content of the final published version. The book was selected into the second batch of national precious ancient books list.

five

"A surname sincerity" Liu Wencheng Gong Ji "18 volumes.

Aspect: First Edition of Liu Ji's Poems

This book is the first compilation of Liu Ji's poems and essays, which has far-reaching influence. Since then, Liu Ji's collection of books, except Sikuquanshu, has followed the arrangement style of this book. The education teacher saw that the book was well preserved and legible, and it was a second-class and second-class rare ancient book, and was selected into the second batch of national precious ancient books list.

Liu Ji, the founding father of Ming Dynasty, as a strategist, politician and writer at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, had a far-reaching influence on Wenzhou. His strategy, talent and feelings deeply influenced a generation.

(Original title: Wenzhou Library, 100 years old! ",education teacher zhang. Editor Zhang Yiying)

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