Among the four schools of martial arts novels in the northern part of the Republic of China, the landlord in Zhu Huan, who first fascinated readers and was most criticized by critics, was called "absurd".
Zhu Huan landlord (1902— 196 1), formerly known as Li Shanji, later known as Li Shoumin, was born in Changyuan County, Sichuan Province. He was born in a scholarly family, and his ancestors were officials. His father, Li, was once a court secretary in Suzhou during Guangxu period. Later, because he was dissatisfied with the darkness of officialdom, he gave up his official position and returned to his hometown to teach private schools. Therefore, Li Shoumin has laid a solid foundation for China's traditional culture under the careful cultivation of his father since childhood. I began to learn calligraphy at the age of three, and I was able to recite poems and write essays at the age of five. At the age of seven, you can easily write Zhang Xu's The Big Couple. At the age of nine, he wrote "On a Person's Words" with 5,000 words, and was known as a child prodigy in the village. At that time, the Changshou county government specially made a plaque with the word "prodigy" written on it, and sent it to the Lijia ancestral hall with drums and gongs. It can be seen that Li Shoumin's later fame was not a fluke.
Zhu Huan landlord's life has experienced twists and turns, which is very legendary. At the age of seven, he climbed Emei and Qingcheng, and at the age of ten, he climbed Emei and Qingcheng under the guidance of his teacher. This Wang Xingshu teacher is not a pedant. He is a tour guide for returning pearls, telling stories everywhere, such as a few treasures; He also took Zhu Huan to the Xianfeng Temple in Emei to meet a monk who was good at Qigong, so that Zhu Huan learned Qigong from an early age. The landlord in Zhu Huan lost his father at the age of twelve, and then his mother took him to Suzhou to visit relatives, and his family suddenly changed. In Suzhou, Li Shoumin met Wen Zhu, a girl three years older than him. This girl is handsome and gentle, and she plays the pipa very well. They were childhood friends and gradually became attached. When Li Shoumin/Kloc-0 was 6 years old, he finally realized that he had fallen in love with his first love. However, Li Shoumin was forced by his family and had to go north to Tianjin to make a living. After he broke up with Wen Zhu, he still wrote letters from time to time. Unexpectedly, things didn't work out, and Wen Zhu fell into the fireworks team. Since then, the news has been blocked, which made Li Shoumin suffer a painful blow mentally. Until Li Shoumin got married, he still thought of Wen Zhu from time to time. Sun Jingzhun of Li Furen sympathized with what happened to Wen Zhu. When writing The Legend of the Swordsman in Shushan to raise money for his marriage with Sun Jingzhun, Sun suggested that he use the pseudonym of the landlord to commemorate it. Sun Jingxun's upbringing, open-mindedness, great compassion and consideration for Li Can can be seen here, and what she has done cannot but make people respect. Huanzhu's reputation has much to do with this wife.
The marriage between Li and Sun was also a big news in Guinness at that time. Sun Jingzhun was born in a wealthy family, and his father, Sun Yat-sen, is the chairman of Volkswagen Bank. Li Shoumin went to Tientsin and worked as China's secretary in Fufang. Duan Maolan, who had returned to England as an English secretary at that time, hit it off very well. Later, Mao Lan became the director of Tianjin Telephone Bureau, and Li was asked to be the secretary of Duan (still in the post office, not sure), who was responsible for answering letters. I worked as a tutor in Sun Yat-sen Mansion in my spare time, so I fell in love with Miss Sun Er, who is six years younger than him. Sun Yat-sen was furious when he learned of this incident, and dismissed Li Shoumin, and severely criticized Sun Jingzhun, causing Sun Jingzhun to abandon his family and run away. Sun Yat-sen put Li in prison on the charge of "kidnapping a good woman". During the trial, Sun Jingzhun suddenly appeared in the public gallery, confidently claiming that he had marital autonomy, and Li was acquitted. At that time, it caused a lot of trouble in the city, and almost everyone knew it.
After the July 7th Incident, the Japanese invaders tried to lure them to assume a pseudo-post, but Li refused. As a result, Li was arrested as a "suspected Chongqing molecule" in the gendarmerie, whipped, poured cold water, rubbed Chili noodles in his eyes, and prepared to be tortured. Li was unyielding for 70 days, survived and was released on bail pending trial.
1957 Anti-rightist movement and peaceful return to the Pearl River. 1June, 958, a magazine published the article "Don't return the pearls to the landlord to continue poisoning". Silence after reading, that night is a cerebral hemorrhage. As a result, he was transferred to his sickbed for more than two years, and the novel Du Fu was finished orally before he died. When he finished Du Fu's misery and the ending of his illness on the boat, he asked his wife Sun Jing, "Miss Er, I have to go, too. Take care! " He died two days later at the age of 59, just like Du Fu.
In order to help today's readers understand the works of Huanzhugege, I made the above summary of the article "Remembering Father Huanzhugege" written by Guan Xian and Guan Ding, the children of Huanzhugege (the original text was published in People's Daily Overseas Edition1988 March 15 to April 2). Although I have heard of the drought in Zhu Huan's life, when Guan Xian published this article, I couldn't help but feel deeply after reading it.
This is an absurd life experienced by a generation of wizards who are called "absurd" in the history of martial arts novels in the Republic of China.
As early as the 1940s, there was Xu Guozhen's book On Princess Huanzhu, which was first serialized in the 3rd to 5th issues of Cosmos magazine 1948, edited by Chen Dieyi, and then published by Shanghai Zhengqi Bookstore in February 1949. The full text is about 30 thousand words, which is not too big, but many of its conclusions are still true today. Since 1970s, Hong Kong's Huang and Taiwan Province's Ye Hongsheng have devoted themselves to the study of the return of the Pearl River and made outstanding achievements. I once talked with Hongsheng about martial arts chivalry in my humble abode and laughed at each other. Unfortunately, time was short and I couldn't enjoy myself. In recent years, there are more and more mainland researchers studying the return of pearls. As far as I know, Zhou Qinglin in Shanghai has the most complete collection of articles on "Returning the Pearl", and his examination is also very detailed. I once listened to him in my humble home and admired him very much. In addition, when some old friends meet in Beijing and Tianjin, it is inevitable to talk about returning pearls, and they all admire their talents. Zhu Huan's bosom friends are all over the world. He is not a "vulgar ordinary citizen".
A novel can fascinate millions of people, endure for a long time, never tire of reading it, and read it constantly. The more you read it, the more meaningful it is, and it is worth studying.
Zhu Huan's landlord has his distinctive personality. He loved natural scenery and traveled all over Ming Sheng, which played an important role in the success of his novel creation. Xu Guozhen said in Princess Pearl: "His original intention is to write down the landscape figures he has seen over the years. It happened that there was a Tianfeng newspaper in Tianjin at that time, lacking long martial arts novels. Encouraged by others, he inadvertently adopted the title of "Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan" and wrote it down day by day. Unexpectedly, readers are very welcome. " This passage reveals part of the mystery of the artistic charm of Lord Zhu Huan's works, and it is the poetry inspired by the beauty of natural scenery that makes him succeed. The success of The Landlord of Zhu Huan was not achieved overnight, but a process of exploration. He was invited to write martial arts novels, but his heart was full of poems inspired by natural scenery. How can he reconcile subjective will with objective conditions? He thought a lot. The first few chapters of The Legend of the Swordsman in Shushan are not without descriptions of the scenery, but the realistic martial arts plot always seems to be seamlessly combined with the beauty of natural scenery, which makes him feel that he is beginning to "write very uncomfortable". It was not until he combined myth with natural beauty that he found the best breakthrough. Magnificent or beautiful mountains and rivers are integrated with the fantasy of myths and legends, and myths add aura to mountains and rivers, making them more magnificent, and the two complement each other. Whenever I write this passage, the landlord in Zhu Huan can't restrain his unrestrained poetry, and the bottom of the pen falls a thousand miles, both far and near, and the movement echoes, and the lines are full of interest. The following excerpts are taken from "The Nineteen Heroes of Qingcheng Mountain" as an example:
Bianmingde caught a glimpse of it in his busy schedule. He saw the unfolding light cloud and the cloth.
Most of the day. Moonlight comes and goes from time to time, hidden in dense clouds, and has no luster. hill
The wind is gradually rising, and the Jiang Tao in the valley below is surging, hitting the stone and making a sound. It's estimated that time is running out, ...
Listening to the wind and waves, I feel that the scenery in front of me is suddenly dark. Bianmingde looked up at the sky, industry
It's cloudy, but there is no shadow of the stars and the moon. Only lightning is like a golden snake in the clouds.
Side brake. Where lightning strikes, it shines like thick clouds and mountains, and the sky is dense and layered. wind
It's getting bigger and bigger. The dust of science and technology above, and Hong Tao below, the sound of the beach is like thunder. harm
Branches scattered in the air, endlessly swept away, thousands of miles of rivers and canyons echoed together, screaming angrily.
Shocking the gorge wall, as if it collapsed, making people deaf and palpitation. Compared with other demon winds, it is coming.
It's different again. Fortunately, Fang was within the Dharma realm, and the wind could not reach him, so he suddenly saw gold in front of him.
Snakes scurried around, and there was a loud thunder, and the wind was much less. follow
Scattered clusters of raindrops hit the ground, ticking for a while, from sparse to dense,
Raindrops are getting bigger and bigger, straight as the milky way bursts from the air, brushing and brushing together.
The sound of the beach rang into a frenzy. Thunder and thunderbolt came one after another.
Lightning and thunder will come down, and it will be loud. The mountain is steep, except for the river.
Beyond the flat land, cliffs stand behind. Water flows from the top of the cliff into large and small waterfalls, for
Spray it first, and when you look at it in the dark, it looks like countless great white dragons dancing on the edge of the cliff. grinding stone
There is more soil and less water, so there is no place to store water. Although the rain is surprisingly heavy, the water is only one or two feet deep.
It's absolutely swift and violent. If you eat a crazy waterfall flying from a height, it will become a turbulent wave.
Gravel branches broken by wind and rain sailed along the cliff and fell straight into the river, adding
Countless forces. Sometimes the lightning flashes, only to see the waves flowing away on the ground, like galloping horses and eyes like gossamer.
A flower of God seems to fly away from the cliff. The fierce momentum has never been seen before. snappish
Fang Mingde was stunned. He suddenly saw a golden light in the shadow in front of him, coming from Jiangxia.
Down, through the cliffs on both sides of the canyon, rushing into the air. I saw more than twenty feet long grayish yellow.
Bloody brilliance, from the opposite cliff, towards the place where Jinxia started. Liao Fang Guling et al.
The enemy came, and two green rainbows flew from the canyon to meet the two gray-yellow brilliance.
On both sides of the strait, the air is up and down, hidden and present, urgent and tangled.
Let's go Bian Mingde is watching with great interest ... At the same time, Jinxia in Jiangxia below is getting stronger and stronger.
On the candle, all the dark clouds in the sky are reflected in the sky, plus
More than a dozen brilliant lights of blue, yellow, red and white are flying and hovering in the canyon, shining on the cliffs and shining with beautiful shadows.
This is a scene in which the ancient immortal Guang (first seen in Zhuangzi) put the treasure when the golden boat came out of the water in the martial arts.
Generally speaking, martial arts novels are different from poems, words and essays. Writers of martial arts novels always pay attention to plot structure and characterization, and seldom pay attention to natural scenery. Most of them only sketch the natural scenery as the environmental background when they have to introduce the site, and enough is enough. The landlord in Zhu Huan is different. He often shows irresistible yearning for the beauty of natural scenery and will vent it whenever he has the opportunity. Generally, there are two levels of scenery written by martial arts novelists: the lower level is to objectively introduce specific scenery, such as mountaineering, whether the mountain is barren or stone steps, etc., which are all necessary explanations for the plot; The higher level is used to render the atmosphere, such as waves and autumn leaves, which gives a certain emotional color while explaining the geographical environment. The landlord who returned the pearl is far more than these two levels. He not only wants to explain the environment and render the atmosphere, but also wants to vent the poetry inspired by natural scenery. That is to say, for example, the paragraph quoted above, originally written as "sailing to the edge of a cliff, falling straight into the river, adding countless strength", has completed the account of the environment and rendered the atmosphere very strong, which is already a good article; He insisted on adding: "Sometimes when lightning flashes, visible waves flow away all over the ground, running like horses, and the eyes are blurred, as if even a cliff is about to fly." This is his aesthetic feeling, and this finishing touch adds poetry to the whole scenery description. I often feel that it is not the novel itself that needs to write about scenery, but that he is using the topic to play. Landscape descriptions can be found everywhere in the novels of the landlord who returned to Pearl. Whenever there is an opportunity, he always uses the topic to express his poetry. It is precisely because his natural scenery is poetic that it will not only make readers feel boring and bored, but also make readers feel interesting and rare aesthetic enjoyment.
The success of Zhu Huan landlord's landscape painting comes from the fusion of landscape and myth. This is the law of * * * embodied in Zhuangzi's Happy Journey and Qu Yuan's Nine Songs. Non-scenic spots are not enough to show myths, and non-myths are not enough to render scenic spots. In China, there must be myths when there are scenic spots, such as Wushan Goddess, West Lake White Snake, Shilin Ashima and so on. And if there is a combination of scenery and myth, there must be poetry. Therefore, as far as the subjective and objective conditions are concerned, when Lord Zhu Huan started to write martial arts novels, he inevitably adopted the style of magical martial arts novels, which was the best way he could find. If we knew this, we wouldn't use the word "absurd" to deny his contribution in the history of China literature.