2, safe evacuation routes, evacuation signs, emergency lighting and safety exits.
3, fire truck access, fire water.
4, fire control facilities, equipment and fire safety signs are in place, complete and effective; Configuration and effectiveness of fire fighting equipment.
5, fire, electricity without irregularities.
6, key types of work personnel and other employees' fire knowledge.
7, key parts of the fire safety personnel on-the-job situation and management.
8. Implementation of fire and explosion prevention measures for inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and places, and fire safety of other important materials.
9. Fire prevention day inspection by safety management departments of all units.
10. Whether the normally closed fire door is closed or not and whether articles are stacked under the fire shutter will affect the use.
1 1, the setting of fire safety signs and its intact and effective conditions.
12, other contents that need to be checked.
Third, the method of fire safety inspection
(a) access to fire files
Check the fire archives should pay attention to the following points:
1. Ask the fire safety management personnel of all departments and posts to understand the overall situation of their implementation and organization of fire safety management and their familiarity with fire safety work.
2, check whether the fire safety system and operating procedures comply with relevant laws and regulations and technical procedures.
(2) Ask employees
1. Ask the fire safety management personnel of all departments and posts to understand the overall situation of their implementation and organization of fire safety management and their familiarity with fire safety work.
2, ask the key parts of the fire safety personnel, understand the general situation of the training unit.
3. Several employees were randomly asked in the public gathering place to understand their knowledge and skills of organizing and guiding the evacuation of people present, as well as their knowledge and skills of reporting fires and fighting initial fires.
(three) check the fire exits, fire spacing, fire equipment, fire facilities, etc.
Check the fire escape, fire facilities, fire equipment, fire spacing, etc. , mainly by looking, listening and touching, to judge whether the fire escape is unobstructed, whether the fire-fighting distance is occupied, whether the fire-fighting equipment is properly configured and in good condition, whether the parts of fire-fighting facilities are complete, whether the valves and switches of each part are in the prescribed open-close state, and whether the display positions of various instruments are within the normal allowable range.
Four, the main points of fire inspection
(a) the main points of fire inspection and disposal methods of the general distribution room (distribution room, computer room, telephone room)
Fire inspection points and disposal methods (power distribution room, computer room, telephone switchboard room)
Question 2: Fire safety mainly includes measures. I am engaged in enterprise management and quality system audit, and just learned these knowledge. This can be started from the following questions: 1. Is there a three-level safety education? 2. Are the safety operation procedures publicly displayed? 3. Are there any safety-related jobs? 4. Are safety protection, insurance, alarm and first aid devices complete? 5. Are personal labor protection articles complete and used correctly? 6. Is the work connection reasonable? 7. Are there any security risks? 8. Has the safety plan been implemented? From these problems, I believe that the landlord should be able to
Question 3: Fire safety measures: What are the fire safety management of Internet cafes to prevent and reduce fire hazards? According to "People's Republic of China (PRC) Fire Protection Law", "Regulations on Fire Safety Management in Public Entertainment Places" and other relevant fire laws and regulations, these Provisions are formulated.
Article 2 These Provisions shall apply to the fire safety management of Internet cafes in this province. The term "Internet cafes" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to public places of entertainment that use the Internet to operate and provide entertainment or information services for people.
Article 3 The operators (legal representatives) shall be responsible for the fire safety of Internet cafes, and the public security fire control institutions and police stations shall exercise supervision and management.
Chapter II Building and Safe Evacuation
Article 4 Internet cafes should be located on the first, second or third floor near the external wall in civil buildings with Grade I and II fire resistance, and should not be located on both sides or at the end of bag walkways.
Internet cafes should not be located in cultural relics, ancient buildings, museums and libraries; Not adjacent to important warehouses or dangerous goods warehouses; Shall not be set on the second floor or below. When set on the first floor, the height difference between the underground floor and the outdoor entrance floor should not be greater than10m.
When the Internet cafe is located on the fourth floor of a building or above the ground, the building area of the Internet cafe room should not be more than 200 square meters, and it should meet the specific fire safety requirements.
Fifth management rooms, duty rooms and Internet cafes should be separated by non-combustible materials.
Sixth Internet cafes staircase and room decoration shall not use flammable materials.
Article 7 The maximum allowable capacity of Internet cafes shall be calculated according to every 2 square meters 1 person, and vertical and horizontal pedestrian passages shall be set up.
Article 8 An Internet cafe room shall have at least two safety exits leading to the outside of the building, and the total width of its evacuation exits and passages shall be calculated and determined according to the relevant fire control technical specifications. When the room area of the Internet cafe is less than 50 square meters, an evacuation exit can be set, but the minimum width should not be less than 1 meter.
The door of the Internet cafe room should be opened in the direction of evacuation. Rolling doors, revolving doors, hanging doors and sliding doors are not allowed. Doors, screens and other obstacles that affect evacuation are not allowed.
Article 9 The maximum distance from the entrance of an Internet cafe to an external exit or a closed stairwell shall not exceed 35 meters.
Tenth Internet cafes are located in ordinary civil buildings above three floors above the ground, and closed stairwells should be set up; For underground buildings with Internet cafes, when the local underground floor is one or two floors, and the height difference between the indoor floor and the outdoor entrance floor is not more than10m, a closed stairwell can be set; Other underground buildings with Internet cafes should be equipped with smoke-proof stairwells. Staircase doors should adopt fire doors not lower than Grade B. 。
When the Internet cafe is located in a high-rise civil building, the evacuation stairs should be implemented according to the relevant provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings.
Spiral stairs, fan-shaped stairs or wooden stairs are not allowed to be used in the evacuation stairs of Internet cafes above the second floor.
Eleventh Internet cafes should be equipped with luminous safety evacuation signs and emergency lighting.
Chapter III Electrical Installation and Fire Control Facilities
Twelfth high and low voltage power supply lines in Internet cafes should be laid separately, and high voltage power supply lines should be protected through pipes.
Thirteenth copper wire splicing, welding should be carried out. The connection of aluminum core wire should be welded or crimped, and splicing is not allowed.
Fourteenth distribution switches, air conditioning protection switches and lighting switches shall use switches with rated current equal to or slightly greater than the calculated load current, and copper wires and iron wires shall not be used instead of fuses.
Fifteenth tungsten halogen lamps are not allowed to be used in Internet cafes. Switches, sockets and fluorescent lamp ballasts should not be installed on combustible parts.
Article 16 An automatic sprinkler system and smoke control facilities shall be installed in the Internet cafe room on the first, second or third floor of a building with a building area of more than 300 square meters.
Internet cafes located in the underground, semi-underground and above-ground floors of buildings shall be equipped with automatic fire alarm, automatic sprinkler system and smoke control and extraction facilities.
Seventeenth Internet cafes should be equipped with corresponding fire control facilities and equipment in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
Chapter IV Fire Safety Management
Eighteenth Internet cafe operators should strictly implement the provisions of the Ministry of Public Security on fire safety management of organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions, and fulfill their fire safety responsibilities.
Article 19. Internet cafes newly built, rebuilt, expanded or internally decorated must be audited by public security fire control institutions before they can be put into use. Before the use or opening of other Internet cafes, operators should report to the local public security fire control institutions, and only after passing the fire safety inspection can they issue fire safety inspection opinions.
Article 20;
Question 4: What is the content of fire safety? Types of common fire extinguishers
(1) Portable light water foam extinguisher: This is a new type of efficient fire extinguisher, which is suitable for putting out the initial fire of solid and oil, especially petroleum products.
(2) Portable dry powder fire extinguisher: mainly composed of sodium bicarbonate, potassium nitrate, mica powder, etc. Suitable for extinguishing initial fires of oil, petroleum products, organic solvents, combustible gases and electrical equipment.
(3) Portable carbon dioxide fire extinguisher: it is suitable for extinguishing rare equipment, archives, instruments and meters, electrical appliances below 600 volts and small-area grease fires.
(4) Portable "12 1 1 fire extinguisher": it is mainly used to put out initial fires of valuables such as oil, electrical appliances, instruments, books and archives. (Zhu)
The secret of the fire escape
Escape is often rehearsed, and it is not chaotic when it comes to danger; Be familiar with the surrounding environment and memorize the exits; The channel exit is unobstructed; There is no doubt that if you break the line and retreat, you will die; Put out a small fire for the benefit of you and him; Keep calm, identify the direction, and evacuate in an emergency; Not dangerous, not greedy and cheap; Simple left guard, crawling with your nose covered; Make good use of the passage and never enter the elevator; You can escape by descending slowly, and you can save yourself by sliding rope; Take shelter from the wind and stick to reinforcements; Gentle, indicating help; The fire has burned your body, don't run in shock; Jumping off a building requires skill, but you can survive (under the command of a fireman). (Zhu)
Four main factors leading to fire death.
(1) toxic gases (especially carbon monoxide). In a fire, it is generally believed that the most toxic gas is carbon monoxide. Hydrocyanic acid and other toxic gases can also be detected in the dead, but these have little direct impact on death.
(2) hypoxia. Because the combustion oxygen is consumed, the smoke in the fire is sometimes in a low oxygen state. Inhalation of this smoke can lead to hypoxia and sometimes death.
(3) burns. Due to the fire or hot air, the skin is damaged in a large area, causing various complications and leading to death.
(4) Inhale hot air. If it is directly baked by the flame in the fire, it will inhale high-temperature hot air, leading to tracheal inflammation and pulmonary edema and suffocation. (Xu Wei)
How to treat after human skin burns?
Leave the heat source immediately after personal skin burns and take off your clothes before catching fire. If there is no blister on the burn, it should be soaked in cold water as soon as possible, which can not only relieve pain and swelling, but also prevent blistering. You can also soak the scald with light salt water, and apply some sesame oil, raw egg white, vegetable oil, badger oil, honey, etc. to the scald.
If there are blisters on the burn, don't soak them in water or break them to avoid infection. You can disinfect with 75% alcohol first, then puncture the blister, and then wrap the affected area with a cloth soaked in 75% alcohol after the water flows out, which can prevent infection. If the burn is serious, you should go to the hospital for treatment immediately. (Zhu)
Psychological side effects of sudden fire
First, when there is a fire, when people are in an environment of smoke and fire, in order to escape the danger, evacuation should be taken. The mood at this time varies from person to person, and some people will fall into a state of being at a loss at the sight of fireworks.
Second, when evacuating, if there is a power failure, hearing screams or roars will often lead to panic.
Third, when evacuating, if the information is unavailable or incorrect, people cannot evacuate, the scene of the fire changes, and the actions of the evacuees are not uniform, which will aggravate the anxiety and eventually lead to panic.
Fourthly, once the evacuation passage is blocked by smoke and fire, the evacuation door is locked, or there are obstacles, the evacuees will run around and collide with each other, which will make them more psychologically panic and eventually fall into panic.
Fire safety knowledge
Without fire, people can't live. However, if fire is improperly used or managed, fire will happen, which will seriously threaten people's lives and property and cause great losses to national construction and development. Fire safety is very important, and fire control work includes two aspects: first, fire prevention; The second is fire fighting. In this regard, students should know something and master some basic knowledge.
What should be paid attention to in fire prevention?
There are many measures to prevent fire. Students should first start with the little things in daily life:
Don't play with fire. Some students are curious about fire and often play games with fire behind their parents and teachers. This is very dangerous. When playing with fire, once the fire spreads or leaves unfinished fire, it is easy to cause fire.
2. Don't smoke. Smoking is harmful to health and easy to cause fire. We must abide by the student code and school rules and regulations and resolutely put an end to smoking.
3. Love >>
Question 5: What specific measures are there for intelligent fire safety, such as automatic fire alarm, fire feature or early fire feature sensors, and even some residential properties have related mobile phone fire alarm apps, all of which are intelligent fire safety measures.
Question 6: What is the fire safety knowledge? It mainly includes: basic knowledge of fire, basic knowledge of fire extinguisher, first fire extinguishing method, knowledge of personnel evacuation and fire escape, and knowledge of fire extinguishing.
(A) the definition of combustion
Combustion, commonly known as fire, refers to the exothermic reaction between combustible and oxidant, usually accompanied by flame, luminescence and/or smoke.
Combustion has three characteristics, namely, chemical reaction, exotherm and luminescence.
(2) Combustion conditions
Necessary conditions for combustion —— The occurrence and development of material combustion process must meet the following three necessary conditions, namely, combustible, oxidant and temperature (ignition source). Only when these three conditions are met at the same time can combustion occur, and no matter which condition is lacking, combustion cannot occur. However, the above three conditions do not necessarily exist at the same time, and the combustion phenomenon will certainly occur. These three factors also need to interact.
1. Combustible: Any substance that can react with oxygen or other oxidants in the air is called combustible. Combustible substances can be divided into gas combustible substances, liquid combustible substances and solid combustible substances according to their physical states. Combustible substances are mostly compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. Some metals such as magnesium, aluminum and calcium can also burn under certain conditions, and many substances such as hydrazine and ozone can release light and heat through their own explanation at high temperature.
2. Oxidant: A substance that helps and supports the combustion of combustible substances, that is, a substance that can undergo an oxidation reaction with combustible substances is called an oxidant. The oxidant in the combustion process is mainly free oxygen in the air, and other oxidants such as fluorine and chlorine can also be used as oxidants in the combustion reaction.
3. Temperature (ignition source): refers to the energy source of combustion reaction between combustible substances and oxygen or combustion improver. Common is heat energy, as well as other heat energy converted from chemical energy, electric energy and mechanical energy.
4. Chain reaction: There is a chain reaction in flame combustion. When the fuel is heated, it will not only vaporize, but also the molecules of the fuel will decompose to produce free radicals. Free radical is a very active chemical form, which can react with other free radicals and molecules to keep the combustion going. This is a chain reaction of burning.
Sufficient conditions for combustion-(1) a certain combustible concentration; (2) certain oxygen content: (3) certain ignition energy; (4) Unrestricted chain reaction. For example, the minimum ignition energy of gasoline is 0.2raj, that of ether is 0. 19mJ, and that of methanol is 0.2 15mJ. For flameless combustion, the first three conditions exist and interact at the same time, and combustion will occur. For flame combustion, in addition to the above three conditions, there are unrestrained free radicals (free radicals) in the combustion process, forming a chain reaction, which is also one of the sufficient conditions for combustion.
(3) the type of combustion
Combustion is generally divided into four types according to its formation conditions and instantaneous characteristics: flash, fire, spontaneous combustion and explosion.
Flash burning is a burning phenomenon in which a substance can flash when it meets fire.
Fire is a phenomenon that combustible substances contact with the fire source in the air, and when they reach a certain temperature, they start to burn with flames, and they can continue to burn after the fire source is removed.
Spontaneous combustion is the combustion of combustible materials caused by heating or self-heating and heat accumulation without external sparks, flames and other fire sources.
Explosion is a phenomenon that the temperature and pressure rise or both rise due to the rapid oxidation or decomposition reaction of substances. Explosion can be divided into physical explosion, chemical explosion and nuclear explosion.
Physical explosion is an explosion caused by the rapid expansion of liquid or gas, and the pressure increases rapidly, which greatly exceeds the limit pressure of the container. Such as steam boilers; Liquefied gas cylinder explosion, etc.
Chemical explosion is an explosion caused by the chemical reaction of the substance itself, which produces a lot of gas and high temperature. Such as explosive explosion, explosion of combustible gas, liquid vapor, dust and air mixture, etc. Chemical explosion is the key to prevent explosion in fire fighting.
In addition to the direct contact of flame, heat usually spreads outward in three ways: heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection.
(d) definition of fire
Fire refers to the disaster caused by burning out of control in time or space. Fire is mostly a social phenomenon, and the main causes of fire can be summarized into three aspects. One is man-made unsafe behavior (including arson); The second is the unsafe state of matter; The third is the defect of technology. And people's unsafe behavior is the most important factor.
(5) Classification of fire
According to the combustion characteristics of substances, fires can be divided into five categories: A, B, C, D and E.
Class A fire: refers to solid material fire. This kind of substance often has the nature of organic matter, and generally produces glowing embers when burning. Such as > >;
Question 7: What are the main tasks of fire safety? I am engaged in enterprise management and quality system audit, and just learned these knowledge. This can start with the following questions:
1. Is there a three-level safety education?
2. Whether the safety operation procedures are publicly displayed.
3. Are there any safety-related jobs?
4. Whether the safety protection, insurance, alarm and first aid devices are complete.
5. Whether personal labor protection articles are complete and used correctly.
6. Is the working connection reasonable?
7. Are there any security risks?
8. Are the safety planning measures implemented?
Based on these problems, I believe that the landlord should be able to initially form the framework of the safety plan.
Question 8: Which facilities in hotel fire safety management measures are in good condition and are regularly checked and maintained?
Regular maintenance and exercise.
Facility account.
Signs, evacuation maps, fire extinguishers, breathing apparatus, flashlights, water, etc. Should be complete.
Question 9: What is the content of fire safety inspection? Whether the fire-fighting building project (including decoration) has passed the acceptance of the fire department, whether it has passed the fire safety inspection before opening, whether it has been put into use after passing the inspection, whether the fire-fighting decoration of the building adopts flame-retardant (non-combustible) materials, whether the fire-fighting safety passage and fire-fighting passage are set according to the requirements of the specification and whether they meet the requirements. Whether the evacuation door is clear, whether the evacuation door is opened in the evacuation direction, whether articles are stacked under the fire shutter, whether the fire lane around the building is clear, whether the fire-fighting facilities and outdoor fire water supply meet the requirements of the code, whether the indoor and outdoor fire hydrants are buried, and whether the automatic alarm and fire extinguishing devices and smoke control system are sensitive and effective; Whether the public entertainment places located in underground buildings are equipped with automatic fire alarm system and automatic sprinkler system, and whether the mechanical smoke control facilities regularly check whether the fire fighting equipment is equipped with obvious evacuation instructions; Whether the key parts are clearly marked with emergency lighting for fire accidents as required, whether the fire control room of the accident broadcasting system has a special person on duty and a duty record, whether the operators have received fire protection training, whether the karaoke bars or private rooms with certificates are equipped with audible and visual alarm, whether the fire control facilities have implemented the inspection and maintenance system, and whether the various types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment meet the requirements of the specification. Whether the approved electrical lines are laid through pipes, whether the lighting lines and business lines are provided with separate power supply lines, whether there is smoking and naked lighting in the audience hall, whether there is smoking and naked lighting in non-smoking parts, whether the fire control organizations sign fire safety responsibility letters, whether their respective fire control responsibilities are clear, and whether the obligatory fire brigade formulates fire fighting plans, emergency evacuation plans, regular drills and personnel evacuation protection devices.
Seeking adoption is a satisfactory answer.
Question 10: What are the basic knowledge of fire safety? 1. The insulation of power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts of lamp holder, socket and switch must never be exposed to prevent electric shock. 2, don't pull the wire, to prevent electric shock or fire. 3, don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or try to clean charged household appliances with a wet rag to prevent electric shock. 4, fuse selection should be reasonable, avoid using copper wire, aluminum wire or iron wire instead, in case of fire. 5, the use of household appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the requirements of product use. 6. When repairing or replacing the lamp holder, even if the switch is turned off, do not touch it directly by hand to prevent electric shock.