Collection of China's Opera Works

There was no anthology of Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Only Yongle Grand Ceremony in Ming Dynasty, with volumes 13965 to 1399 1, and volume 27, has included 33 kinds of southern operas in Song, Yuan and South China. There are only the last volume left, and there are three books: Xiao Sun Tu, Zhang Xie's No.1 Scholar, and The Mistakes of Officials' Children. There are also various works of Yuan Zaju in Ming Dynasty.

There are many important works of Yuan Zaju in Ming Dynasty, including: ① The Legend of Yuan Zaju was revised by Li Kaixian in Ming Dynasty and published in Jiajing period. Several Yuan Zaju dramas are unknown, and only seven have been known since ancient times, which are now in Taipei Central Library. 2 "Ancient Zaju". (3) The Ancient Famous Zaju. (4) Selected zaju. (5) "Mai Wang Guan Banknotes School-based Ancient and Modern Zaju". ⑥ Famous dramas of ancient and modern times (Liu Zhiji and Qijiang). 192 1 year, Wu Mei compiled "Selected Famous Dramas of Ancient and Modern Times", and collected Yuan and Ming zaju 15 kinds; From 1935 to 1936, Lu Qian compiled the Complete Works of Yuan Zaju, and collected 77 kinds of Yuan Zaju and 22 kinds of lost articles. Both books were interrupted for some reason and were not published together. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, some anthologies were published to promote Yuan Zaju. For example, in 1966, Gu's Selected Zaju of Yuan Dynasty included 15 kinds of Zaju; 1980 Selected Notes on Yuan Zaju edited by Wang Jisi and others received 27 kinds of Zaju, with a 50% discount.

The legendary anthology with a long history and the greatest influence is Sixty Songs of Chicken Bone Pavilion edited by Jin Mao. Six sets of the original carving were first printed, each set was 10, and all of them could not be seen; At present, the reprints of the bookstores in Qing Dynasty, such as Shizhezhai, Erduotang, Eryoutang and Zuijingtang, have been handed down from generation to generation. 1935 Shanghai Ming Kai Bookstore rechecked the printed version. 1955 Beijing Literature Ancient Books Publishing House reprinted the paper version according to Ming Kai Bookstore, which is quite common. There are 60 kinds of legendary anthologies in Ming and Qing Dynasties, among which "Elegant Melody in Liyuan" only exists in the catalogue and has not been copied. Many legendary works of the Ming Dynasty, such as Lin Wenting, Fuchuntang, Shidetang, Jizhizhai, Guangqingtang, Rongyutang, Dunmutang and Yuxiazhai, have also become rare treasures. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Guichi Liu presided over the re-enactment of Warm Red Chamber, which was based on legends, including 30 kinds of drama legends in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, 6 kinds of appendices 14, 6 kinds of supplements, other lines 1, * * 5 1, and was also an important collection of legends in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, a number of anthologies of Ming and Qing operas appeared, which reflected the grand occasion that various southern operas such as Kunqu Opera and Yi Opera appeared on the opera stage after they multiplied into local operas. At that time, the bookstore printed the selected works of these legendary works, and specially marked them with "Huiji Elegant Tune", "Supplementary Tune", "Qing Kun Poetry Tune" and "Yang Qing Poetry Tune" to attract readers. Most panels are three or two columns. In addition to the main two columns or one column, a small column is specially designed to carve popular folk songs, ballads, riddles and wine lists, with illustrations. The selected legends are generally zero dramas prevailing on the stage at that time, and quite a few of them are rare today. This anthology mainly includes Linz Zhiyi (4 volumes), Eight-energy Drama Brocade (6 volumes) and Jade Valley Spring Festival (5 volumes should be 6 volumes). Another book title is Jade Valley Tunes Spring, or Suspected Jade Sheng), Sophisticated Qing Kun (4 volumes), Yuefu Jinghua (12 volumes), Notes on Picking Wonderful Flowers (6 volumes), Da Ming Chun (6 volumes, that is, Wan Qu Ming Chun), and Yue Fu Jing Hua. , and selected 12 The Story of the Great Wall, The Story of Classmates and other legendary works of Yiyang Opera and its variations, named The Lost Collection of Hui Opera in the Ming Dynasty. Another type of anthology of legends in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is an anthology that only recorded and abridged. The existing anthology is Hu Gezhi's series of Qunyin Anthology in the Ming Dynasty. The volume is unknown, and there are existing biographies, including legendary songs 157. Among them, nearly 60 long-lost legendary songs are precious. 1980 was photocopied and published by Zhonghua Book Company in Beijing.

[Ming engraving "Picking Wonderful Sounds"]

[Ming engraving "Wan Qu Ming Chun"]

Selected books of the Ming and Qing Dynasties' zaju include: ① Ten Pieces of Zaju, an anonymous collection in Ming Dynasty, an excellent edition of Shaotaoshi in the thirty-seventh year of Jiajing (1558), including You Zhu zaju 10, and Wujin Dong Shi Yong Shi 19 100. (2) Ming Sheng Zaju (1, 2 episodes), printed by Shen Tai (a master of ci and fu) in Ming Dynasty, was published in the second year of Chongzhen (1629) and the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (164 1) respectively, and * * included 60 kinds of Zaju in Ming Dynasty. What is popular is that 1958 China Drama Publishing House photocopies the copy of Wujin Dongshi's "The Room for Reading Scriptures". ③ Three episodes of Zaju, alias: New Zaju, played in Jin Shi (Zhong 'an) seal. It was published from the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1) to the first year of Kangxi (1662). Popular is 1958 China Drama Publishing House's "Wujin Dong Shi Pine Pollen Room". (4) Luxurious Motta Room Music Series (1 and 2 episodes), edited by Wu Mei. It is an anthology of works with both drama and legend, 1 Shen Qifeng and Ji Yongren. In the second episode, there are 24 kinds of zaju and 5 kinds of Wu Bing legends. The book originally planned to print 65 kinds of zaju and 76 kinds of legends, but it was not completed. Existing 1928 Shanghai Commercial Press. ⑤ Zaju in Qing Dynasty (Episodes I and II), Zheng Zhenduo. * * * Two episodes collected 80 dramas of Qing Dynasty, which were published in 193 1 and 1934 respectively. There are nearly 240 kinds of Qing Dynasty dramas in Zheng Zhenduo, only one third of which have been printed, and the unprinted parts are kept in Beijing Library. Compared with zaju and legends, the number of local operas in Qing Dynasty is much larger, but they are rarely published as anthologies. The most important thing is to write "Bai Qiu" (new episode). During the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, Qiancangcang edited Bai Qiu according to the requirements of the owner of the bomb flower, which is called "A New Collection of Modern Elegant Tunes Bai Qiu Pu", still referred to as "Bai Qiu Pu", and was published by Suzhou Baorentang. From the 28th year of Qianlong (1763) to the 33rd year of Qianlong (1768), it was compiled into five series, which exclusively included Kunqu opera. In the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong (1770), Kunqu Opera and "Bangzi Opera" performed by Wuwen Double Class were included in the sixth part. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), series 7, 8, 9 and 10 were added and published in a book. In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), zaju was added as "external compilation", Kunqu opera as "supplementary compilation" and * * * as 12 compilation. Forty-six years after Qianlong (178 1), the fourth hall was reprinted, and 12 was compiled as 12, in which the sixth episode and the sixth episode +0 1 were local operas with mixed tunes. During the Daoguang period, Shiyinben published * *, which was widely circulated. Yin Qing Xiao Ji is a collection of 32 Peking Opera scripts carved in the early Qing Dynasty. Most of the local operas in the Qing Dynasty are selected operas, such as Chu Qu carved by Tang Wensheng in Hankou, Wenyatang and Sanyuan Taoist Temple Bookstore in the Tang Dynasty. It is the predecessor of Hubei Han Opera, and there are 6 kinds of it. At that time, the number of engravings was unknown. Li Lizhong's "Integration of Pear Garden" and Wang Da's "Examination of Peking Opera" (465,438+0 volumes, published by China Library in 65,438+0932) were all the rage.

【 Ming block-printed Metaphysics Spectrum 】

The Documentary Collection of China's Opera Works is a series of ancient China operas published by Zhonghua Book Company, with 1, 2, 3 and 4 episodes published. After the founding of New China, the work of excavating traditional plays was carried out, and a large number of secret books handed down from generation to generation in pear orchards and scripts recorded by many opera artists were collected. Many provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have edited and published selected operas in various regions. There are 106 volumes of Peking Opera Compilation (edited by Peking Opera Institute of Peking Opera Editorial Committee), 32 volumes of Traditional Plays Compilation (edited by Shanghai Traditional Plays Editorial Committee), 22 volumes of Hebei Bangzi Compilation (edited by Tianjin Hebei Bangzi Compilation Editorial Committee), 7 volumes of Hebei Traditional Plays Compilation and Hebei Traditional Plays Compilation. Materials of Shanxi Local Opera-Compilation of Traditional Plays (edited by Drama Work Research Office of Shanxi Provincial Cultural Bureau), Compilation of Shaanxi Traditional Plays (edited by Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Bureau), Compilation of Gansu Traditional Plays (edited by Gansu Provincial Cultural Bureau), Compilation of Zhejiang Traditional Plays (edited by Zhejiang Branch of Chinese Dramatists Association) and Compilation of Anhui Traditional Plays (edited by Drama Research Office of Anhui Provincial Cultural Bureau), 17 Collection of Jiangxi Traditional Plays (compiled by Jiangxi Provincial Cultural Bureau's Plays Studio), 30 Collection of Fujian Traditional Plays (compiled by Fujian Provincial Cultural Bureau's Plays Studio and Fujian Opera Research Institute), 4 Collection of Henan Local Plays and 0/7 Collection of Henan Traditional Plays. 37 volumes of Hubei Local Opera Series (edited by the editorial board of Hubei Local Opera Series), 66 volumes of Hunan Traditional Opera Drama Series (edited by Hunan Opera Studio), 25 volumes of Cantonese Opera Traditional Plays Compilation (edited by Guangdong Branch of Chinese Dramatists Association and Opera Research Office of Guangdong Provincial Cultural Bureau) and 66 volumes of Guangxi Traditional Opera Drama Series Compilation (edited by Guangxi Cultural Bureau Opera Studio and Guangxi Opera Research Office), 33 volumes of Sichuan Opera Traditional Plays Compilation (edited by Sichuan Opera Traditional Plays Editing Room), and Yunnan Local Traditional Plays Compilation 1 volume (edited by Yunnan Provincial Cultural Bureau and Yunnan Branch of Chinese Dramatists Association). The above * * * counted 67 1 volume, and included 4780 kinds of traditional operas. This work was interrupted during the ten-year civil strife, and all the collected and recorded traditional opera works were not printed. Following 1977, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan and other places have resumed this work and are continuing to publish it.

Arranging and adapting traditional plays is an important aspect of traditional opera reform. From 1958 to 1963, China Drama Publishing House, the editor-in-chief of Chinese Dramatists Association, published China Local Drama Integration in different provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, with a total volume of 14, showing the achievements of sorting out and adapting traditional dramas under the guidance of the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and bring forth the new". There are also 50 volumes of Peking Opera Series, 30 volumes of East China Local Opera Series and 0/5 volumes of Pingju Series. 1958, in order to better summarize the experience of China people in adapting and adapting traditional dramas and creating modern and historical dramas since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China Opera Research Institute edited and published Selected Dramas, which was originally planned to be compiled into Hundred Songs in the New Period. By 1963, only six episodes had been published, including opera works.