First, the minefield that is very easy to encounter when reciting
Minefield 1: Reading without looking at the catalogue
The key to reciting is not to open the first page of a book to read and recite, but to read the table of contents first, which is the key to establishing the reciting structure.
Many candidates feel that the catalogue is only a few short words, and it does not contain any substantive content, so it is not important. Actually, it's not, because the catalogue is the thread of a book and the map of knowledge search during the exam.
Many candidates have this experience: "I have recited the whole book many times, but when I was asked a question, I couldn't find the corresponding answer quickly and accurately in my mind."
This is because the overall structure of the book is not clear enough, and there is no way to locate the problem and find the answer in the book.
The so-called "sharpening the knife without mistaking the woodcutter" can not only shorten the reciting time and improve the efficiency, but also ensure that candidates have clear analysis and judgment ability in the exam, quickly analyze the teacher's exam intention and answer in combination with the book content.
So how to sort out the knowledge structure?
First of all, students who have enough time can read through the textbook first and have a general understanding of the content of the textbook.
Then, combined with the catalogue of "chapters" in the book, the logical structure between chapters is analyzed, and the logical relationship between sections is analyzed according to the titles of "sections" in each chapter. At the same time, the subtitles of each section can also be analyzed in this way.
Generally, the logical relationship between the contents of each part may be: from abstract to concrete, from ancient times to present, from internal to whole, from special to general, from fundamental to universal and so on. This arrangement can make the recited content form a network in your mind, which is both different and related. After finding the rules, the knowledge in reading will no longer be scattered and messy.
Minefield 2: Recite as accurately as possible.
Repeating the contents of the book word for word is a habit left by many students since high school. In fact, the contents of postgraduate entrance examination and college entrance examination are different. He does not require word-for-word copying, but requires the examinee's ability to repeat after understanding the important meaning.
As long as there is no mistake in the question of principle, no school will ask your answer to be exactly the same as the original words in the book. In order to avoid this minefield, candidates should pay attention to understanding.
How to recite on the basis of understanding?
Here, I recommend a "method of summarizing the central sentence", just as a primary school summarizes the central idea of each paragraph of a text. The description of a large paragraph in the textbook may only be an argument against the paragraph. Finding or summarizing this argument will grasp the main content of this paragraph. At this point, you don't need to memorize this passage word by word, just understand the author's idea of "central sentence", which can save a lot of mechanical repetition time.
Minefield III: Mechanical Recitation
The most taboo of reciting for postgraduate entrance examination is meaningless mechanical repetition, which is not only slow to remember but also fast to forget. It often takes a long time to remember, but when I recite it for the second time, I find that I have forgotten it.
In order to avoid this minefield, there are other ways besides memorizing on the basis of the above-mentioned understanding.
For example, try to use long memory instead of sentence-by-sentence memory, and use dictation instead of reciting aloud. For example, spend/kloc-0.5 to 20 minutes repeatedly browsing the contents of this page, thinking and remembering the key points and logical connections.
After 20 minutes, it takes about 10 minutes to close the book and recall the contents of this page, or draw the logical framework of this page on paper. If you can't remember anything, you can use pens of other colors as supplementary markers. This kind of information can save the time of turning over books in the later stage of the exam and use such notes as the basis for reciting.
Second, the way of endorsement of predecessors
Things you don't know
Understand first and then remember. Repeat this process over and over again.
Specifically, from macro to micro, and then jump out to see the macro. I watch videos, listen to the teacher's explanation or do my own questions to deepen my understanding.
@ Huerhei
Recite the frame repeatedly in the morning and evening, and then understand it in detail. Try to eliminate electronic products.
舵舵舵
After reading a chapter, close the book and summarize a paper tree diagram by yourself. What you don't remember is empty. Then open the book and fill in the blanks with colored pens. After a round of review, book the paper and recite the colored parts inside. At the end of the second round, take a stack of paper, recite the previous tree diagram and repeat it. . . Pure liberal arts pass by.
Baixiaowan
Some long sentences can be understood as a small picture, and each word can be visualized as a part of the picture, for example … orderly and interrelated … just add serial numbers to several small squares and draw a cross arrow between them.
I want to drink coke.
You have to understand the back. Summarize it in your own words. It's not easy to learn by rote. Or remember the key words, or make them up. You can recite it in the morning and before going to bed in the morning.
After understanding, everyone memorized the content and changed it to their own, but the technical terms and things still need to be expressed in the original text.
@ Miss George
It is very helpful to draw a mind map, and draw the outline of the text through association (this trick is my little secret). Combine graphics, come on, don't recite, copy and start work while drawing mind maps.
Kiss of the sun
Recite separately, which are big questions and which are multiple-choice questions. For those who recite big questions, the first sentence is enough. Just write a summary in your own words. It is enough to read more familiar topics.
Fourth, recommended endorsement steps
1, read it out loud
When we determine that a certain knowledge point is the key point, the first thing to do is to read this part of the text clearly. This kind of reading can be called "browsing reading".
2. Analyze semantic logic and find keywords.
After browsing and reading, we need to calm down and carefully analyze this expected logical order. Find out the true meaning of expectations. Then, find a key word in each layer of meaning and consciously remember it.
3. Read slowly and learn slowly
Then, we entered the recitation stage. Read semantic logic and the order of keywords, carefully study the expected meaning, and how to remember these materials.
Although the original model is not required to be memorized as it is, at least the material is internalized into a language that you can write on the answer sheet.
4. Close the book and repeat it
After some slow reading and learning, the most effective way is to close the book and tell this knowledge point.
Suppose you have many friends in front of you, and you want to tell them this knowledge, what would you say? This explanation is finally the answer we wrote on the answer sheet.
5, open the book memory
In the process of retelling, there will be some omissions and misunderstandings of information. At this time, it is very important to open the book and check what you have just repeated.
Focus on marking the information you missed and misinterpreted to deepen your memory.
V. Reciting skills
1, concentrate on eliminating interference.
If you concentrate on your memory and eliminate distractions and external interference, the cerebral cortex will leave a deep memory trace, which is not easy to forget.
If you are distracted and concentrate on doing two things, the memory efficiency will be greatly reduced. For example, you can find a quiet place on campus in the morning and recite what you need to remember. The memory effect will be much better.
2, interest and content to establish contact
Strong interest is more important. If you are not interested in learning materials and knowledge objects, it will be difficult to remember even if you spend more time. Try to think of what you need to remember as interesting and find interesting points, and the effect will be better.
For example, you can try to memorize some important events in the Outline of Political History in the form of jingles, and the effect will be greatly improved.
3. Understanding is the foundation.
Understanding is the basis of memory. Only what is understood can be remembered for a long time. It's not easy to learn by rote. Even if you do, you will forget most of it in a few days.
For example, there are many abstract concepts in materialism and dialectics in political philosophy. If you just learn by rote, you will often make mistakes when you encounter problems. If you really understand them, the accuracy of answering questions will be greatly improved.
Step 4 repeat memory
That is to say, on the basis of remembering the learning materials, remember them several times more to achieve the degree of memorizing and remembering.
Repetitive memory is absolutely indispensable to consolidate the memory effect.
5. Learn new things by reviewing old ones.
According to Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, we know that the speed of forgetting is first fast and then slow.
While the iron is hot, reviewing and consolidating what you have just learned is an effective means to strengthen memory traces and prevent forgetting.
Step 6 remember
Constantly trying to recall when reviewing can correct mistakes in memory, make up for omissions, and remember important and difficult points more firmly. In my spare time, I often recall the correct content in the past, and I can also avoid forgetting it.
For example, before going to bed at night, think about what you learned today, what knowledge points you memorized, recall the contents of knowledge points, find out the unclear places in your memory, and fill in the blanks in time.
7. Audio-visual combination
When we memorize knowledge points, we can use the functions of language and visual and auditory organs at the same time to strengthen memory and improve memory efficiency. Much better than a single silent reading. For example, writing while reading.
Studies have shown that when reading aloud, the active factors of "vocalization" and the passive factors of "hearing" act at the same time, which stimulates the brain much better than simply reading silently.
Especially when your mind is not clear enough, reading aloud can concentrate your attention and make your memory better.
8. Tool cooperation
According to the situation of memory content, we can flexibly use memory methods such as classified memory, chart memory, shortening memory and compiling outline, taking notes, cards and so on. The combination of these auxiliary tools can greatly enhance the memory effect.
9. Scientific memory
On the basis of nourishing and maintaining the brain, active rest and physical exercise, using the brain scientifically, preventing excessive fatigue and maintaining a positive and optimistic mood can greatly improve the working efficiency of the brain. This is the key to improving memory.
Of course, you can also eat more brain-nourishing foods such as walnuts while preparing for the exam.
10, memory time
The time node of memory is very important. I believe that the first thing many students do after opening their eyes every day and the last thing before closing their eyes is to play with their mobile phones.
But in fact, you wasted your prime time doing the most leisure things. Sleeping in various cages every day, reviewing the nodes of different disciplines to change thinking is the golden time of memory.
For example, before taking a nap, everyone quickly recites an English composition or a political knowledge point, then climbs down to sleep and turns it over again after waking up.
For another example, before going to bed every night, you can lie in bed, go over the knowledge points recited today in your mind, and get up early the next day to review them again. This is equivalent to reciting it three times a day, and the effect will definitely be better than reciting it once.
We are about to enter the intensive summer vacation, and politics, a subject that needs a lot of memory. In the face of many things that need to be remembered, don't worry, pay attention to memory skills, make rational use of time and improve memory efficiency.
The above is "2020 postgraduate entrance examination: how to solve the difficulty of reciting?" Related content, I hope to help your friends. More professional information about choosing a school for postgraduate entrance examination is in the guide channel of hunting for postgraduate entrance examination!
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