Network security includes network equipment security, network information security and network software security, which means to protect the hardware and software of the network system and the data in the system from being destroyed, changed or leaked by accidents or malicious reasons, so that the system can run continuously, reliably and normally without interrupting network services. It has the characteristics of confidentiality, integrity, availability, controllability and auditability.

The essence of information literacy is a basic ability that people need in global informatization. The concept of information literacy was put forward by Paul Zekaus, president of American Information Industry Association, based on 1974. The simple definition comes from 1989 American Library Association.