The continuous development of economy also puts forward higher requirements for the skills of maintenance electricians. Maintenance electrician has always been a very important force in the production and operation of enterprises. Below, I would like to share with you a model essay on the maintenance of electrician technology, hoping to help you.

Model essay on maintenance electrician technology 1: "How to improve maintenance electrician skills"

With the development and progress of easy-going social economy, all walks of life have made unprecedented development and progress. In the process of development and operation, enterprises have a great demand for electric energy. Therefore, during the installation of power facilities and the use of electric energy, higher requirements are put forward for operators. For electricians, it is necessary to constantly improve their own maintenance technology in the power installation and maintenance project of transmission lines to ensure the safety and stability of power supply of transmission lines. This paper mainly discusses the requirements of electrician maintenance at present, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures on how to improve electrician maintenance skills. I hope this study will be helpful to improve electrician's maintenance skills.

Electrician; Maintenance technology; Current situation; Countermeasures

The continuous development of economy also puts forward higher requirements for the skills of maintenance electricians. Maintenance electrician has always been a very important force in enterprise production and operation, and plays a very important role in improving product quality and market competitiveness. Under the new development background, maintenance electricians are required to constantly improve their professional maintenance skills, not only with comprehensive professional technical knowledge, but also with good practical ability and high professional ethics awareness. This paper summarizes the knowledge and skills that maintenance personnel need from many aspects. While acquiring professional skills through teaching and training, it is also necessary to continuously strengthen the training of maintenance electricians according to their own actual conditions, so that they can constantly adapt to the requirements of the times.

First, the requirements of modern maintenance electrician skills

(A) the level of professional knowledge of maintenance electrician

Maintenance electrician is a professional engaged in the installation, maintenance, debugging and repair of mechanical equipment and electrical system circuits and devices. It is the technical support personnel behind the production of electric power enterprises, and its purpose is to ensure the safety and use of electrical equipment. It can be seen that maintenance electricians must distinguish their corresponding professional knowledge and skills during their work. These skills mainly include several commonly used calculation methods of electricians, the use and operation methods of commonly used detection equipment, the quality supervision and management of maintenance electrician's work, the testing, selection and access of commonly used electrical components, the basic skills of drawing reading of maintenance electrician, the requirements of electrical safety technology operation, the maintenance and protection of machine tool electrical equipment, and the operation skills of maintenance electrician. The professional skills of maintenance electricians, to a certain extent, enable maintenance workers to carry out the basic work guarantee of line maintenance, and at the same time, they must have the professional quality as maintenance workers.

(B) the operation skills of maintenance workers

The main duty of maintenance electrician is to be responsible for the maintenance and guarantee of power system and transmission equipment. Therefore, according to the current employment situation, maintenance electricians need to master many practical skills, and only in this way can they really meet the needs of work. The operation skills that maintenance electricians should master in the course of work mainly include the installation and maintenance of common electromechanical equipment, the installation and maintenance of grounding devices and the maintenance and maintenance of various power systems. For maintenance electricians, practical operation skills occupy a large proportion in the whole work process, so practical operation ability is very important. If the maintenance electrician has no solid professional technical foundation, even if he has strong practical ability, there is no way to complete the electrical maintenance work normally. Therefore, we can see that maintenance electricians need to constantly exercise their hands-on and practical abilities and constantly improve their professional skills, because only with professional technical knowledge can they skillfully apply what they have learned to practical work in practice, thus effectively ensuring the normal operation of the power system.

Second, how to improve the skills of maintenance electricians

Professional skills training

For any technician, the premise of successfully completing the work is inseparable from good operation technology, and the skills of maintenance electricians are not imaginary, and their skills need professional technical knowledge as a guarantee. Therefore, for maintenance electricians, the premise of skilled working ability is to have professional technical knowledge. Therefore, in order to improve the skill level of maintenance electrician, it is of great practical significance to educate and train maintenance electrician. In the process of training, it is necessary to systematically train the professional knowledge of maintenance electricians. As a maintenance electrician, he must have received the education of system professional knowledge in the education stage, but with the progress and development of the times, many knowledge systems can no longer meet the needs of the development of the times, so it is necessary to train and control maintenance electricians. In the training process, the enterprise management department needs to integrate the professional knowledge of maintenance electricians according to the power work situation of its own enterprise, so that it can better master and apply these professional knowledge and gradually form its own professional skill system. Only in this way can they effectively improve maintenance.

(b) Strengthen the observation of electricians in maintenance points.

For maintenance electricians, what such a group needs to do is to find the omissions, faults and problems existing in the operation of power system, and solve such problems in time to promote the stable and safe operation of power system. Therefore, in view of this work characteristic of electrician, maintenance electrician is required to have keen observation. In order to improve the observation ability of maintenance electricians, we must constantly cultivate our observation ability in the daily work process. In the process of line inspection, we should try our best to ensure that we don't miss any problems, and we should also develop a patient and meticulous character, and take timely measures to solve problems after checking them. However, the cultivation of observation is not a one-off event, which requires the joint efforts of both enterprise departments and maintenance electricians. Enterprise management departments should strengthen the encouragement and reward for electricians, and maintenance electricians also need to constantly remind themselves to pay attention to finding small problems in the work process. Only in this way can it help to improve the professional skills of maintenance electricians.

(3) Maintenance electricians improve their skills through their own efforts.

First of all, maintenance electricians should have the spirit and motivation of continuous learning, constantly learn and understand the new technologies and knowledge of modern electricians in maintenance, and effectively improve their professional skills through their own efforts. In the era of continuous development and change, electrician knowledge is constantly updated, which puts forward higher requirements for maintenance electricians. Maintenance electricians need to constantly strengthen the study of new knowledge while having profound professional knowledge, and constantly improve themselves through study in their work. In addition, maintenance electricians should not only have new knowledge and skills, but also have innovative consciousness. On the basis of the original working ability, we constantly carry out technological innovation, so as to acquire new operating skills. At the same time, it is necessary to enhance the ideological consciousness of electricians, such as having a strong sense of autonomy, competition and innovation. Only by comprehensively ensuring the overall quality of electricians can we further improve the skills of maintenance electricians.

References:

Guang Lin. On the integrated teaching of maintenance electrician [J]. Scientific information (scientific teaching and research). 20 10/0,4 (17): 242.

[2] Ye Wenda. Application of Modern Teaching Media in Practice Teaching of Maintenance Electrician [J]. Journal of Chifeng University (Natural Science Edition) 20 10/0,9 (02): 24.

[3] Shi Jianfan. Exploration and reform of the examination and training teaching of advanced maintenance electrician in higher vocational colleges [J]. Science and Technology Information.2011,7 (17): 247.

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[5] Joe. How to improve the classroom effect of electrician training ―― Improve students' ability of reading drawings and troubleshooting [J]. Science and Technology Information.2010, 12 (24): 4 17.

Feng haiqiang. Discussion on Vocational Skills Training and Appraisal of Maintenance Electricians [J]. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information.2010, 1 (22): 44.

Model essay II on maintenance electrician technology: "Discussion on troubleshooting skills of maintenance electrician"

Nowadays, under the influence of the continuous progress of science and technology and the rapid development of economy, electricity has been more and more widely used in all aspects of life and production in China. Electricity has become an extremely valuable resource, which symbolizes the progress of society and needs us to use and create. However, electricity is also very dangerous, so the safety of electricity use should be put in the first place. This paper mainly introduces the troubleshooting skills of maintenance electricians.

Keywords: troubleshooting; Security; solve

The main duty of maintenance electrician is to ensure the safety of life and production electricity in an area. Maintenance electricians can solve faults in time through a comprehensive inspection of the power system, and with their own skills and previous work experience, they can eliminate faults in the shortest time to ensure the normal demand of residents for electricity production. At present, electricity is widely used in China, and power equipment is diversified and complicated, so electricians must constantly strengthen their experience and skills and enrich their professional knowledge.

First of all, common power failures

Electrician is indispensable in any enterprise or institution. Electricians must be able to accurately and timely judge the faults in the power system, which requires electricians to be very familiar with the knowledge of circuit maintenance and be able to deal with problems flexibly according to specific conditions. In fact, the faults of power system mainly include the usual maintenance and overhaul, the normal debugging of lines, and the rationality of installing equipment and lines. Electricians can judge whether the power system works healthily and normally by observing whether the lighting lamp is stable at zero. In general, unreasonable debugging and installation may cause abnormal lighting, such as short circuit, open circuit, and even leakage in serious cases. Therefore, electricians must accurately analyze the root causes of power system failures and then take effective measures to solve them. In addition, transformer faults are very common. If the transformer is used for a long time, insulation and overheating will occur. Therefore, electricians should pay attention to observation, often detect transformers, install insulating ceramic tubes and protect oil, which can effectively avoid faults. There are also motor failures, mainly shaft cracks, shaft core wear, rotor bending and so on. , where the shaft is seriously worn, it should be replaced in time; Once the shaft core is found to be worn, it should be welded accurately. If the wear is too serious, it can be machined with a machine tool. If the rotor is bent, it should be taken out, and then different structures should be repaired according to the different power systems to ensure the normal operation of the motor.

Second, the specific methods to eliminate power failure

Electricians must have professional knowledge and sufficient theoretical principles as the basis, so as to judge and analyze faults immediately and accurately. Here are several common methods to eliminate power system faults.

1. Step-by-step queuing method and debugging parameter method

The so-called step-by-step queuing method is to analyze the specific locations of faults one by one by means of step cutting when the circuit is short-circuited, and then eliminate the faults of the power system. The debugging parameter method is more suitable for the power system with undamaged original components and normal line contact. If power users do not use or debug the voltage correctly, the power supply system will not work normally, and the power that the power system can bear is limited and cannot be used indefinitely. Therefore, the debugging parameter method is the most suitable.

2. Substitution method and short connection method

The so-called substitution method refers to the method used when the cause and specific location of the fault cannot be determined. If the electrician suspects that a certain part of the system or a certain part is out of order, he can choose to replace the original parts with other parts and observe whether the replaced power system can operate normally. This method is inefficient and suitable for troubleshooting with simple structure. In general, short-circuit method is used in power systems with small loop current and low voltage. Firstly, the electrician roughly judges the location of short circuit according to his rich experience for many years, and then judges whether the electrician's judgment is correct by using wire short circuit. In this way, electricians must ensure their superb technology and rich experience, which is particularly troublesome. Now this method is rarely used in China, but it is still used in some poor places.

3. Determination of resistance, current and voltage

Voltage measurement method refers to the rational use of multimeter, according to the actual electricity voltage, the voltage range of multimeter is adjusted to the most appropriate position, so as to accurately measure. The criterion to judge the fault is to observe whether the tested circuit and electric shock are on or off, or intermittent. The current measurement method is to judge whether the current value of ammeter is normal and stable when measuring the circuit, which depends on the actual situation of local electricity consumption. Although the current measurement method is relatively convenient, it is also prone to measurement errors. It is difficult to measure the current because the power intensity of users is different at different times, so it is usually used for power measurement in production workshops or factories. The principle of voltage measurement is similar to that of resistance measurement, which is to observe the abnormal situation of line or electric shock. This method is relatively safe, and power measurement is usually carried out in underdeveloped areas.

Third, strengthen the troubleshooting skills of maintenance electricians

Equipment is the most important material basis for enterprises to form their own production capacity. It should make the equipment play a maximum role in the life and production process. In the actual operation process, we should follow the principle of prevention first and combine planned overhaul, maintenance and use. There are many kinds of equipment failures, which are professional and complicated. Both units and individuals should constantly strengthen and improve their troubleshooting skills to minimize losses.

Improving the ability of technicians should mainly start from the following two aspects: First, solid professional knowledge. In this era, information is constantly changing and knowledge is constantly being updated. The maintenance electrician can't satisfy the present situation. Usually, we should pay attention to study more, exchange skills, attend professional lectures, understand advanced science and technology and improve theoretical knowledge. In practice, they try to reform and innovate more in their work by troubleshooting, and combine practical work with theoretical knowledge to improve their level and ability. The other is to have a good professional ethics. Don't judge blindly when there is a problem with the equipment, but be good at listening to others' opinions and communicating with others in time. The equipment with problems should be repaired and reported in time, and records should be made.

References:

[1] process. Post analysis and teaching thinking of maintenance electrician specialty [J]. Vocational and technical education; 08 was released in 2006.

[2] Peng Yanqing. Research on Advanced Maintenance electrician training and Training of Applied Talents [J]. Journal of Wuxi Commercial Vocational and Technical College. 06 issue in 2008.

Wu zhengshu Investigation on Typical Obstacles of Lightning Strike on 500kV AC and DC Transmission Lines [D]. Guangxi University. 2005。

[4] Liu Yuwen. On the cultivation of troubleshooting ability of maintenance electrician students [J]. Vocational education research. 1 1 2006.

[5] Wen Juan. Discussion on the basic module teaching of "maintenance electrician skill training" [J]. Research on vocational education.

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Fan Wensan, Technical Paper of Maintenance Electrician: "Talking about the Learning of Senior Operators of Maintenance Electrician in Electrical Specialty"

According to the requirements of the National Professional Skills Standard for Maintenance Electricians, the theoretical knowledge of senior maintenance electricians includes: reading, drawing, analyzing, debugging and maintenance of relay control circuits, AC /DC drive systems and electronic circuits. The assessment depth requires mastering the steps and methods of electrical drawing, and being familiar with the composition, principle and common faults of machine tool circuits. Master the basic instruction list of PLC, familiar with programming skills, familiar with the use of programming software, familiar with the types and solutions of common faults of PLC, in which the theoretical knowledge and practical operation of programmable logic controller account for more than 30%. Whether from the needs of modern life or the direction of industrial development, we need compound talents with high skills. It is conceivable that the research of programmable controller needs to be deepened. In the theoretical knowledge training and assessment of senior maintenance electricians, manipulator problems have appeared many times. From the perspective of professional knowledge, manipulator learning has a wide range of comprehensive knowledge and involves a lot of knowledge; From the aspect of logical thinking, in modern production and life, the social division of labor is gradually refined, the production equipment is becoming more and more sophisticated, the automatic production equipment is becoming more and more complex, and the manipulator control is refined, which can also train students' logical thinking ability.

First, the background of the manipulator

Manipulator is a new type of equipment developed in the process of mechanized and automated production. It is an important branch of robot. Its characteristic is that it can complete various expected tasks through programming, and it has the advantages of both human and machine in structure and performance, especially reflecting human intelligence and adaptability. In modern production process, manipulator is widely used in automatic production line. Although it is not as flexible as human hands at present, it has the characteristics of being able to repeat work and labor, being tireless and not afraid of danger, and lifting heavy objects is more powerful than human hands. Therefore, the manipulator has attracted the attention of many departments and has been widely used.

1958 American control company developed the first manipulator. 1962, American control company tried to manufacture a numerical control teaching and reproducing manipulator. In the same year, American machinery manufacturing company also successfully tested a manipulator named Vewrsatran, whose central column can rotate and lift, and the hydraulic drive control system is also a teaching and reproduction type. These two kinds of manipulators appeared in the early 1960s, which are the basis for the development of industrial manipulators abroad. At present, most manipulators still belong to the first generation, mainly relying on manual control; The improvement direction is mainly to reduce the cost and improve the accuracy. It is more complicated for us to maintain the learning manipulator of senior electrician. Through my teaching and observation, I found that students' learning methods and skills need to be improved.

Second, the structure and working principle of the manipulator

Combined with the requirements of maintenance electrician's textual research and the national professional skill appraisal standard, our school and the enterprise jointly developed a textual research training simulation manipulator, which is roughly divided into three modules: (1) feeding mechanism; (2) a grasping mechanism; (3) sorting system; Adopt solenoid valve pneumatic control. The feeding mechanism has material detection. When there is material in the tank, the material detection sensor will send a signal, and the electromagnetic valve will be controlled by the program, and the feeding cylinder will push the material out and wait for the manipulator to grab it. The grasping mechanism is controlled by three degrees of freedom, and each degree of freedom specifies the initial position. When the material is placed in the designated position, the manipulator starts to move down and clamp the material. This process requires position sensors to detect the accuracy of grasping materials; After picking it up, the manipulator will put the material into the sorting system. The system is driven by conveyor belt, including material detection, color detection and metal detection. Combined with the actual production of enterprises, they are sorted to different receiving places. Manipulator control involves pneumatic, solenoid valve control, sensor detection, mechanical position adjustment, hardware circuit wiring and debugging comprehensive ability training, which is difficult to learn. After three years of teaching, I summed up my own set of learning methods.

Third, manipulator learning.

Modular learning is very important for manipulators. When you use it, you should do targeted exercises according to the functions of each module, which will be easier to learn. The following introduces the methods and precautions of modular step-by-step learning.

(1) For the manipulator structure, we divide it into three modules to learn, as shown in figure 1. A feeding unit, a carrying unit and a sorting unit; The first module is the feeding detection unit, which is divided into material detection, material pushing and circulating feeding; Material inspection is mainly used for material inlet. When necessary, the materials in the silo are sent to the grab bucket and the loading and unloading platform to prepare for the loading and unloading unit. In the process of material inspection, it is necessary to pay attention to adjusting the sensitivity of the detection sensor, because this is the first step of the manipulator handling process. If there is an error in the detection here, the handling unit process may fail. This process needs to be carried out circularly, and when to start pushing the material next time depends on whether the manipulator safely and correctly transports the first material to the designated position, which should be paid attention to by the feeding unit in the programming process.

(2) The handling unit is the most important and complicated part of the whole handling system. It involves mechanical knowledge, pneumatic control, sensor knowledge, PLC program control design and so on. The handling process of manipulator involves many sensor limit controls, and each action needs sensor detection. Then when the manipulator extends, descends, grabs, ascends, rotates, descends, loosens, ascends and turns to the original position, it is necessary to adjust the action sequence of each solenoid valve in this process, which is the first step; Then every movement needs to be in place accurately, which will affect the grasping of materials. How to ensure the accurate grasp of materials, we should step by step here. The grasping action is refined step by step, and the whole debugging is carried out after each action is accurately detected by the sensor, so as to avoid repeatedly adjusting the grasping accuracy of the manipulator during debugging. There is also diversity in programming. According to different PLC models, there are different programming methods. Here, we will focus on Mitsubishi FX2N PLC. As we all know, there is no problem in writing general instructions. We should write them step by step after paying attention to the whole manipulator action process, and ensure that they are reset after each action is completed. Compared with other PLCs, there is not much difference in writing with general instructions, but if you want to write with step-by-step instructions, it is very simple here. Mitsubishi FX2N-PLC step instruction has a great advantage that it does not need to consider the reset in the next step after each step of program action is completed, which can greatly simplify the program amount of manipulator handling process and is much simpler than the general instruction.

(3) The sorting unit, as the final sorting system, can correctly identify the functions of each sensor and separate the corresponding materials through the sensors. There are two ways to program this process. One method is to write to the sorting unit according to the action order; Another method is to add a sorting system program at the beginning of the manipulator's action, that is, when it is in the original position, and start sorting materials when the manipulator returns to the original position after completing the grabbing action, without affecting the next grabbing of materials. This process is synchronous. These two methods suit you according to your actual situation.

In the research of manipulator, many factors need to be seriously considered. This course is a comprehensive course, which involves the basic course of electrical specialty, so foundation is the key to learn this course well. For the above learning methods, it involves the types of manipulator training equipment, which can be satisfied by general maintenance electricians using manipulator to study. However, when it comes to the accurate positioning and grasping of material types, it is necessary to use an encoder to record data, which can be used for reference. For FX2N series PLC that we often use, there are usually two ways to write programs. One is a program that writes basic instructions; The other is to write with the step instruction of FX2N series PLC; Both of these methods can be used to program the manipulator, and I personally suggest the second method. This method is simple and practical, with clear thinking, modular program and easy to use.