Compulsory Education Curriculum Standard Experimental Textbook (People's Education Edition) Air Composition Class

Wu Hongjun, a special teacher of Fuyang Railway School.

Miss Wu: Hello, class. Welcome to Unit 4 of aerial composition class. Here I especially remind children that there are four sites in this composition tour, so don't fall behind!

The first stop of the study tour-into the composition food city

What does this exercise write?

Miss Wu: What are you going to write in this exercise, little friend? This is clearly written in our textbook. Open your books quickly and let's have a look-

Please choose one of the following suggestions to do your homework.

There are still many phenomena of wasting resources and polluting the environment in life. We can write a proposal, put forward our own views and suggestions, and reflect them to the relevant departments.

When writing a proposal, the existing problems are generally written clearly first, then the reasons for the problems are explained, and finally the suggestions for solving the problems are put forward. The proposal has a certain format: according to the content of the proposal, write the title first, then the title (that is, write clearly who the proposal is addressed to), then write the specific content of the proposal, and finally write the name and date of the sponsor (or the name of the group that proposed the proposal).

Carefully observe the following cartoons, write your own understanding and feelings on the basis of understanding the contents of cartoons, or write a story with the help of cartoons. If you are interested in other cartoons about cherishing resources and protecting the environment, you can also write feelings and stories according to the requirements of the above exercises.

Are there any requirements for this exercise?

Miss Wu: Dear children, you already know the topic of the exercise. The next step is to know what the requirements of this exercise are. This is very important. Otherwise, there may be something off topic, and the consequences will be very serious. So, what are the requirements for this exercise?

Please pay attention to the children. There are four requirements for this exercise:

1. Write a proposal to waste resources and pollute the environment, put forward your own views and suggestions, and reflect them to the relevant departments.

2. Carefully observe the following cartoons and write your own understanding and feelings on the basis of understanding the contents of the cartoons.

You can also write a story with the help of comics.

If you are interested in other cartoons about cherishing resources and protecting the environment, you can also write your feelings and stories according to the requirements of the above exercises.

Decide which one you want to write.

Child: I find that resources are wasted and the environment is polluted here. I want to practice writing proposals.

Children: I like painting. Because looking at pictures and writing can develop my imagination.

Children: I want to write an interesting story with the help of comics.

Children: I think. ...

The second stop of the learning journey-climbing the magical mountain of composition

Learn to write proposals

I have some questions to clarify.

Children: What is a proposal?

Teacher Wu: Proposal is a style used by individuals, units and stakeholders to carry out a certain work, complete a certain task or carry out an activity, advocate doing something together or put forward reasonable opinions and suggestions. It is also called suggestions and opinions.

Child: Why write a proposal?

Teacher Wu: The proposal is a kind of practical writing. Its contents are very extensive, such as carrying forward the spirit of Lei Feng, carrying out spiritual civilization activities, subsidizing children in poor mountainous areas to study, and carrying out activities of supporting the army and giving priority to their families. You can write a proposal.

When facing a group, although the proposal contains suggestions, it is mainly to publicize and encourage the other party to do it, which has a certain call. When facing the leaders and relevant departments, the proposal generally puts forward its own opinions and suggestions on the other party's work in a pertinent way, rather than asking the other party to do it. No call.

Child: When can I write a proposal?

Teacher Wu: Individuals or groups suggest that we do something together. We can write a proposal.

Children: To whom can this proposal be made?

Teacher Wu: Suggestions can be made to those who directly implement them, or to leaders, departments and organizations in charge of related work.

Children: What is the style of the proposal?

Teacher Wu: A proposal is a style in which the sponsor expresses his views or opinions on something or something in written form to the relevant personnel, departments, leaders or organizations, so as to obtain the adoption or support of the other party (which can be individuals, groups, leaders, organizations or the whole society).

Child: What should I pay attention to when writing a proposal?

Teacher Wu: When writing a proposal, you should write around a center. The content should be specific, the sentences should be too smooth and concise, and the format should be correct.

Child: I want to think about the problems in my life, campus or community, choose one or two examples and write a proposal to which departments. Is it okay?

Teacher Wu: It is also possible to write such a proposal.

How should I start?

Children: Is there a format requirement for the proposal?

Teacher Wu: The format of the proposal is basically the same as that of a general letter:

1. Generally, only the word "proposal" is written in the title. Sometimes, in order to highlight the specific content of the proposal, you can write "Proposal on XXX". The title should be written in the middle of the first line and the font should be larger.

2. Write down the people you want to get a response from and write to them. Write it in the top box of the second line, followed by a colon.

3. The text is the content of the proposal, starting with two spaces in the third line. Write the reasons for the proposal first, and then write the specific content of the proposal. If there is more content, you can write it in articles.

4. Sign the name of the proposer in the lower right corner, that is, the name of the group or individual who made the suggestion.

5. Write the date under the name of the referee.

Child: What preparations should I make to write a proposal?

Teacher Wu: Writing suggestions should be based on specific problems, actual needs and possible conditions, and should not be made out of nothing and irrelevant, so as to improve working methods and carry out useful activities.

Before writing a proposal, we should extensively investigate the life around us, understand what bad phenomena exist, and find out the reasons and improvement methods. Then we can make valuable suggestions.

With this in mind, we can start writing.

Method tip:

Child: What is the proposal?

Miss Wu: Please look at the following proposal.

Show a masterpiece

Make our campus more charming.

Dear principal:

I am a fifth-grade student in our school. I found that our campus lacks the decoration and foil of green plants and sports equipment. How can such a campus attract students to play and exercise on campus?

I remember that our campus was not like this. In the second grade, our class planted flowers in the flower bed. Later, they germinated, grew leaves and blossomed ... how beautiful! But before long, the students in the middle school next door destroyed it.

In the past, we had table tennis tables and parallel bars. Later, the school said that for the safety of students, the parallel bars were removed, leaving only a few table tennis tables on the playground.

I suggest: arrange flower beds and plant flowers; Each class takes turns to be responsible for ensuring timely watering and safety, and no one is allowed to destroy it. In addition, the parallel bars should be reinstalled. On the one hand, students are required to pay attention to self-protection when playing, on the other hand, gymnastics mats should be laid under the parallel bars to ensure the safety of students.

Please ask the headmaster to consider my suggestion.

Blair, Class 3, Grade 6.

September 23(rd), 2003

Look, students, this is a proposal written by a classmate. Read it and tell me what you know about the proposal.

The contents of the proposal include:

(1); (2) explain the cause of the problem; (3) Put forward suggestions to solve the problem.

Format of proposal:

(1) Draw up the title according to the content of the proposal; (2) Write clearly who the proposal is for or which unit it is for; (3) The content of specific suggestions; (4) Write down the name and date of the proposer.

Child: How to write a proposal?

Teacher Wu: To write a good proposal, first, we should grasp the problems that need to be solved on the basis of investigation and understanding; The second is to write clearly the specific content of the proposal and the reasons for putting forward the proposal; Third, pay attention to the format of the proposal.

Children: What's the format of the proposal?

Teacher Wu: A proposal usually consists of several parts: title, body and ending (signature and date).

1. The words "proposal" or "suggestions about" in the title should be written in a larger font, otherwise the title may not be written.

2. Under the heading, an empty line in the top box indicates the object that published the "proposal". That is, the title of the text. This title should write the name of the unit or individual who accepted the suggestion.

3. Text. Write two spaces on the next line of the title and turn to uppercase. It is necessary to write clearly the content, purpose, significance and specific practices of the proposal. Generally, it is necessary for branches to state. The key point is to write the specific content of the proposal and the specific matters required to be done. When making suggestions, we should pay attention to broadening our thinking from reality. For example, if students make suggestions on class work or school work, they can write suggestions such as establishing class book corner, beautifying green campus and enriching after-school life. They can also make suggestions on social environmental protection, traffic safety, the production of children's clothes and toys, and the management of games and entertainment places. We must choose suggestions that can promote the development of spiritual civilization and material civilization.

4. It's over. In order to express the hope of the proposer, it is usually written in a sentence of strong encouragement. Don't write greetings.

5. Signature and date. Write down the name of the proposer and the date when the proposal was made in the second half of the last line.

Children: How to write the title of the proposal?

Teacher Wu: The topic is the name of the proposal. When writing a title, you can add a title to the proposal from the following aspects:

The first one: summarize the contents of the proposal into one sentence as the title. For example, "Don't send greeting cards to each other during the New Year".

Second: take the central idea of the proposal as the title. For example, "Let's make our living environment better".

The third type: take the proposal as the title or the writing characteristics as the title. Such as "proposal", "my suggestion" and "a suggestion".

Fourth: extract an important sentence from the proposal as the title. This sentence can be the main content of the article, the center of the proposal, and the request of the proposer. Such as "make our hometown better", "strive to be a small guardian of flowers and trees" and "build our city into a landscape garden city".

In short, when writing the title of the proposal, it should be eye-catching and noticeable; The title should be small, so that there is something to write; In addition, the title of the proposal should not be too long, and it should be literary.

Children: How to write the text of the proposal?

Teacher Wu: Text, this is the content of the proposal, and it is also the focus of the proposal. When writing the text of the proposal, you should write the basis and reasons for the proposal. Purpose and significance. In particular, we should write down the contents of the proposal. Finally, write down the consultant's wishes. Such as: the basis put forward in this paper; March 5th is the anniversary of President Mao Zedong's inscription "Learn from Comrade Lei Feng". Reason: In order to carry forward the spirit of Lei Feng and help others. Purpose and significance: I am also educated in activities for myself.

When writing a proposal, you should pay attention to the following points:

1. Proceed from reality and seek truth from facts. Making suggestions and writing suggestions should be based on specific problems, actual needs and possible conditions, and should not be made out of nothing and irrelevant, so as to improve working methods and carry out useful activities.

2. Speak appropriately and be measured. First of all, opinions and suggestions should be more accurate and reasonable, and we should have some discretion. If you want to understand and reason, you must first be emotional. In this way, your opinion will be easily accepted, thus achieving your goal. Secondly, in order to make opinions and suggestions feasible under realistic conditions, we should not exaggerate or make high demands, otherwise it will be of no help.

3. The content is specific, clear and practical. The core of the proposal is its content. Therefore, when writing a proposal, whether it is itemized or not, the content of the proposal should be specific and clear, so that people can see it at a glance. In this way, when leaders, organs, units and individuals consider and adopt it, it is easy to implement it. Remember not to talk empty words or be abstract.

4. The language is accurate and concise. Proposals are tools for people to express their opinions and make suggestions. Therefore, the language must be accurate and concise, and the specific methods and measures should be written accurately and clearly, rather than too much analysis and argumentation.

Children: I wrote a proposal on behalf of our class and passed the March 8th. The teacher said that my writing was unqualified. Why?

Miss Wu: I have to look at your proposal before I can find out the reason.

Children: Here's my proposal:

suggestion

All students:

March 8 every year is International Women's Day. We are going to send a present to our teacher and mother.

Make a big red flower by yourself.

2. After going home, make a cup of hot tea for mom.

Give your first grade to the teacher.

Dear students, I hope teachers and mothers can receive a most precious gift from our hearts on March 8.

Si Liu squadron

1March 7, 996

Teacher Wu: In the proposal, we should pay attention to the local reality and broaden our thinking. Suggestions can be made on class work or school work, such as "suggestions on establishing class book corner", "suggestions on beautifying and greening campus" and "suggestions on enriching after-school life". , but also on environmental protection, traffic safety, children's clothing and toys production, social games and entertainment venues management and other suggestions.

Since it is a suggestion, it should be targeted and explain what kind of situation or event it is aimed at. Therefore, it is necessary to write clearly the situation that the proposal is aimed at, because this is the basis of the proposal. If you don't write them clearly, your suggestions will appear unfounded, and the reasons are not clear, even unclear and insufficient.

Your suggestion was made to all the students during the National Day on March 8th. Students are advised to present a sincere gift to their teachers who have worked hard to train them and their mothers who have raised them for many years. This proposal is very good, but the content of the proposal is a little empty. Why thank your mother and teacher? When making this suggestion, you should combine your inner love for your teacher with your gratitude for your mother, let people know your friendship for them, and express all your thoughts on the occasion of March 8th. Only by making suggestions like this can countless children sing their hearts and give gifts.

In addition, the specific measures you suggested are too simple and only stay in a one-sentence summary. This makes others feel empty after reading it. If other students want to give love to their mothers and teachers, there is no way to start. It would be better if it were changed. For example, the first point is to present red flowers to my mother and teacher. I made it myself, how I planned to give it to them, what I said at that time, and so on. Make tea for the teacher or make yourself a small gift and so on. Express what you are saying in words. It will make people feel your friendship for them. Although courtesy is humble, courtesy is light and friendship is heavy. I believe many children will move at your suggestion. Their teachers and mothers will be very satisfied with their children's actions.

In a word, it is suggested to serve spiritual civilization and material civilization. I believe that students will use their brains to put forward good suggestions for the country, the school, the collective and more aspects to make life better.

Children: _ Haha! I learned another good way to write a composition today!

Write a picture composition

I have some questions to clarify.

Children: What's the difference between this and this picture composition?

Teacher Wu: This picture reading composition requires us to carefully observe the following cartoons and write your understanding and feelings on the basis of understanding the contents of cartoons. The difference is:

You can also write a story with the help of comics.

If you are interested in other cartoons about cherishing resources and protecting the environment, you can also write feelings and stories according to the requirements of the above exercises.

Children: Can you write different compositions?

Miss Wu: Yes. Can be conceived from different angles.

How should I start?

Children: What do you think of this picture?

Miss Wu: Look carefully: Who are the main people and things on the picture? What is the relationship between them?

Children: There is a man and a bird in the picture. People are cutting down trees and birds are on people's shoulders.

Miss Wu: Take a closer look. What did the bird say?

Child: "There must be bugs in this piece of wood ..."

Teacher Wu: We should think deeply: What does "wood" mean? What does "bug" mean?

Children: let me see: "wood" means that people look like wood? What does "bug" mean? Is there a bug in that man's head?

Teacher Wu: Good thinking. It would be great to think of such a problem. Let's pay attention to this sentence: "There must be bugs in this piece of wood …" Is the "bug" in the wood or in this person's head? What kind of bug is this?

Children: ...

With this in mind, we can start writing.

Method tip:

Children: What is the most important thing to write a composition about pictures?

Teacher Wu: To write an article about pictures, the most important thing is to understand the meaning of pictures. Some pictures describe one thing. Looking at such a picture, you can write it in the order of things, which is convenient to write and easy to understand.

On the basis of observation, expand reasonable imagination and association, and have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the contents and ideas expressed in this picture, so as to outline the context of the article, list the writing outline and draw up the composition topic.

Children: How to expand association by looking at the picture composition?

Teacher Wu: Pay close attention to the cause and effect of the matter. What is displayed on the screen is often an "instant" scene. Therefore, if you only look at the picture, your thinking will be bound. You have to expand the real-time scene, think about the cause and effect, and add the necessary content outside the screen. Only in this way can the meaning of the picture be more complete, and the still people and things can live and be full of life. Because the pictures provided can't be complete and concrete, can't show the story clearly and completely, especially a single picture, can't clearly explain the development and changes of things, and can't reproduce the continuity of actions. This requires us to use our imagination, expand our imagination according to the things provided by the picture, and fly the wings of imagination, but we must be reasonable and logical, and we must not entertain foolish ideas. We must make the things in the painting conform to the things outside the painting. As shown in the picture, we can infer: Why did this man cut down a tree? What should I do after cutting down trees? What happened to his life later? What happened in this forest and so on.

Children: How to expand your imagination by looking at the picture composition?

Miss Wu: The pictures and photos seem to be the same. The scene on the screen is static and limited. If students are only required to write whatever they see and how much they see, then it is not a picture composition, but a picture commentary, and the written article will be boring. An important task of illustrated composition is to cultivate and develop students' imagination, so as to improve students' writing level. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the picture and its meaning, students must be guided to spread their imagination wings, and based on the characters and environment on the picture, they should contact the reality of life, enter the artistic conception and reasonably imagine the whole process of the story. It is necessary to add some scenes outside the picture to form a vivid, concrete and complete story.

Observation is the foundation and imagination is the wing. Look at pictures and write while thinking, and expand your imagination while observing. For example, in the picture below, there is a man and a bird cutting down a tree, and the bird is talking: "There is a bug here …" We should imagine the time and place of things by observing the contents of the picture, infer what he is doing from the dynamics of the characters in the picture, imagine the psychological activities of the characters at this time, and then write a composition. On the basis of careful observation and rich imagination, we should give full play to our intelligence and think seriously, and closely combine what we observe from the picture with the associations outside the picture. As for the characters' language, demeanor and psychological activities, we should open our minds and boldly imagine.

Child: Can you imagine the environment at that time?

Miss Wu: Yes. Although this picture is a single picture, there are not many people and the content is not complicated. When observing, you can look at the characters first, see their movements and expressions clearly, and then find out the time and place of things from the characters to the background. Finally, think about it as a whole: what are people doing when they cut down trees? What did he think and say when he cut down the tree? What does a bird have to do with people? You can combine your personal life to enrich the content of the picture, and the same thing can be supplemented appropriately.

Children: Can you write a composition about reading comics and talking about feelings?

Teacher Wu: The feeling of reading comics and writing is different from that of general composition, because you don't simply write down the picture, but write your own understanding and feelings.

To write such exercises, we must first understand the difference between cartoons and story paintings: painters use the materials in life to criticize, satirize or expose some bad phenomena in life through exaggeration, metaphor and symbol.

Second, we should understand the meaning of the picture and the author's intention. This picture shows a man waving an axe, chopping down a big tree and saying, "There must be bugs on this piece of wood …". A woodpecker stood on his shoulder and looked at his wooden head angrily. The author intends to satirize those who don't know how to care for trees and protect the environment. We should think about who and what are the main people and things in comics, and what is the relationship between them, and make clear the main content of comics.

On this basis, students can discuss: Is this "bug" in the wood or in this person's brain? Let the students understand that only by cutting down less, destroying less, protecting more and supporting more can we ensure the green and long-term human homeland and maintain harmony with the surrounding environment.

Child: Can we observe and imagine from the perspective of birds?

Teacher Wu: When the angle changes, the world becomes wider. Seeing the composition of the picture gives the author room to give full play to his imagination. Especially for a single picture, there are many possibilities for the development of the story. We should try to imagine a few ideas and then choose a more creative one to write. The process and results of many pictures are fixed, but according to what some characters say, what they think and some details, they can still write differences. When writing fairy tales and fantasy compositions, the imaginary world is wider. As long as you can grasp the main idea of the picture, open and close it, and justify yourself, you can imagine boldly. If you imagine yourself as a bird in a painting, an interesting story will come out. ...

Child: How do you say this?

Teacher Wu: It is a fairy tale to talk about people by birds and turn people into people. Writing such a composition with pictures, we can imagine a scene and a story according to the contents of the pictures. ...

Child: I am good at writing fairy tales. How to conceive such a story of reading pictures?

Teacher Wu: This story can be written in three paragraphs:

Cause: refers to the beginning of the article, the reason why the story happened, including time, place, people, the origin of the event and so on.

What happened: The content here is the key paragraph of the article, which should focus on describing the occurrence, development and changes of the story and writing out the new changes in the specific activities of the characters. The design story should be novel, interesting, bold, novel and reasonable. The plot development of the story is unexpected and reasonable, which is one of the secrets of imaginative composition. In the process of describing the event, write down the details of people's or birds' lives, the details of birds' or characters' activities, the details of the dialogue between birds and characters, and so on; Writing is interesting, that is, describing those interesting details in detail. The process of things is tortuous and fascinating. It is both unexpected and reasonable.

Ending: The final result of the story depends here. The most important stroke should be the finishing touch, which is unexpected, novel and interesting.

Children: _ Haha! I learned another good way to write a composition today!