The articles of Sanlian Weekly are the ceiling of the writing world, and every sharer is a truly powerful industry coffee. They are like Wulin masters who are hidden in the deep mountains of Songshan Mountain and rarely show off in the rivers and lakes. Once they are photographed, they are awesome.
Record their sharing in your own words so that you can read it again and again in the future.
Zheng Liu, pen name Jonathan, editor of Southern Metropolis Daily, is the author of The First Collection and The Existing Collection.
Edited Japanese reading theory and translated Gide's reading diary.
1. Biography book reviews are classified by genre, not by book content, so it must overlap with other fields.
Such as; The evaluation of Leonardo da Vinci belongs to the art category; Evaluate that Zhang Ailing belongs to literature.
We should understand that although biography has a genre of * * *, it inevitably belongs to different knowledge systems and contexts.
If you don't understand the systematic context of this kind of knowledge, it is difficult to write a good book review.
2. Reading a biography is actually exploring a person's soul; A criterion for judging whether a biography book review is well written is whether it casts a light on the preacher's soul.
We can't just stay at the level of objective facts, but pay attention to his spiritual world.
As a book critic, sometimes you may not be able to convey the soul of the Lord, but you should at least try to open a small window in the human spirit and let a ray of light shine in. If you can let the readers of your article see the fine dust floating in the air in that light, and see that the mind may only be a tiny tremor, then your article will be successful.
China in ancient times can be said to be a "biographical country". Twenty-four History is a collection of historical biographies, and the whole ancient history of China is a biography of celebrities.
Compared with Egypt, the two river basins and India, our historical writing is extremely rich and continuous.
China's historical writing is characterized by biographical writing.
The whole ancient history of China is a biography of famous people. Their biographies are all integrated into the ancient history of China, but they have been lost in modern times.
These Confucian works of the Ming Dynasty are biographies.
A major feature of China's biography
China's traditional biographies are generally short, with a length of no more than 10,000 words, and most of them are around 2,000 words.
China ancients wrote biographies, paying great attention to tailoring, choosing materials and writing effects. This is a major feature of China's biographical articles.
China's biography can be read as a beautiful article.
Classical Chinese classics are used for learning.
Biography of Boyi, Biography of Qu Yuan and Biography of Funny Sima Qian in Historical Records
Mr. Wu Liu Tao Yuanming
Epitaph of Liu Zongyuan
Su Shi's Biography of Fangshan Zi
Compilation of chronology and chronology length
Chronicle is also a very important biographical type, and its compiling purpose is usually academic.
Arrange the characters in chronological order and list the facts clearly. The shortcomings cannot highlight the importance of an event.
The writing of chronology is also quite particular.
A good chronicle pays attention to tailoring as well as narrative wording, which often implies the praise and criticism of characters in the narrative of facts.
(through a simple and implicit description)
Long editing means that the material available for chronology has not been completely edited, so as to collect as much material as possible first. It actually means that "the chronicle has not been finalized"
Representative Biography of China in Modern Times
Influenced by western biographies, China's modern biographies began to appear as the carrier of western biographies.
Liang Qichao: Biography of Guan Zi and Biography of Wang Gong Jing (Biography of Wang Anshi)
Wu Han: Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang
Deng Guangming: Biography of Yue Fei
Zhu Dongrun: Zhang Chuan.
Every book has a different purpose, writing style and style.
For example, many people write Sima Qian now, so when evaluating new historical figures, compare the styles of famous authors before to see if they are beyond and professional, which also reflects your understanding.
1. Biographies of Western Celebrities: The Greco-Roman System
Plutarch: Who's Who in Greece and Rome.
Group biography: write their similarities together and understand their characteristics through comparison.
Records of words and deeds of famous philosophers.
The spread of celebrities is very influential in the west, and it also provides original materials for future generations to understand celebrities.
Tacitus: Biography of Agulli Cora
Single biography, chapter one
2. Biography of Western celebrities: Christian system
Gospel: Biography of Jesus' Life
Biography of Godfather of the Desert
Golden legend
Biographies of godfathers and saints have a great influence on the compilation of western biographies.
3. Characteristics of modern western biographies
Western biographies form a new model;
They pay more attention to the preservation of objective materials, and their biographical writing often relies on a large number of files, letters and diaries, retaining many facts and figures.
The figures are more solid and detailed.
In contrast, China's biography is too short and not comprehensive, and there is often no more space to describe important events.
4. The masterpiece of "literature" biography
In Britain and France, there has been an upsurge of literary biographies at the same time, such as:
Emil ludwig: The Biography of Napoleon
Mo Luoya: The Legend of Shelley.
Litton Sterlacci: The Biography of Queen Victoria
Romain rolland: Biography of Beethoven (translated by Fu Lei)
Zweig: The Right of Heresy or Joseph Fu Xie.
How to understand it: Compared with previous western biographies, it is more attractive to readers, has done a lot of literary processing, and is easier to impress readers. The narrative is more particular, not in chronological order, but in a way that can stimulate readers' interest and the style is more free.
After World War II, this kind of biographies ebbed, because readers' demand for biographies returned to tradition and paid more attention to the materials and facts reflected.
1. A subclass of biographical books
(1) subclasses can be divided into autobiography, memoir, letter and diary.
When evaluating an autobiography, it is often inevitable to touch upon a question, that is, the question of credibility.
Credibility includes not only the accuracy of hard and objective facts, but also the authenticity of psychological facts such as motivation, feelings and psychological activities.
Famous autobiographies: Confessions by Augustine, Confessions by Rousseau, Autobiography by Gibbon and Poetry and Truth by Goethe.
Confession school: what I did before seems to have changed my personal vision and attitude today, so I can think philosophically. Thought will change greatly with the passage of time, and the change of attitude and concept itself is an autobiography that looks at the past facts with a critical eye and can arouse readers' thinking.
(2) The difference between memoir and autobiography
Formally speaking, memoirs don't have to be written from childhood like autobiographies, and the focus of memoirs can be not on themselves, but on others.
Autobiography is usually like a river, where it flows, it is not easy to see the center, while memoirs can have a narrative core, such as the theme of education and childhood experiences.
This memoir may be quite different from another memoir.
(3) Letters and diaries
Generally speaking, it is more difficult to write comments in letters and diaries than in ordinary biographies, and there is a certain threshold.
If you don't know a person well, don't easily agree to write comments for this person's letter collection and diary.
However, on the other hand, storytelling letters and diaries can also show your kung fu and ability. If you know this person well, you may find an unexpectedly good topic and angle.
In 2020, Hong Kong published a collection of Zhang Ailing's letters. If you don't have a deep understanding of Zhang Ailing, because letters are boring and need the author to have more reserves and research, then evaluating letters can show your skill and find unexpected angles and topics.
Writing a book review and writing a biography in about 300 words is very condensed, refined and interesting.
Never use Baidu Encyclopedia, it is the worst.
It is a test of kung fu to convey facts in a beautiful style, but it is worth practicing.