2. In Lingyin Temple, it's just a kind of admiration for Buddha. The corners of Buddha's mouth are always smiling, as if laughing at the ignorance of the world.
3. Admire the word "hidden" of the ancients, and make the overall situation of Lingyin Temple quiet and profound.
4. Ming Dynasty painter Shen said: The scenery on the lake is hidden, and the scenery is unique in the cold spring.
A replica of Lingyin Temple in Zhejiang.
Lingyin Temple, also known as Yunlin Temple, is located in the northwest of West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, at the foot of Lingyin Mountain between Feilai Peak and Beifeng Peak. The two peaks meet, and there are many trees and ancient temples in the mountains. It is a scenic spot and one of the famous ancient temples in the south of the Yangtze River.
History of Lingyin Temple:
Founded in the first year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 326), it has a history of 1600 years. It is the earliest famous temple in Hangzhou. At that time, Huili, an Indian monk, came to Hangzhou and saw the Qifeng here. He thought it was a "hidden spirit", so he built a temple here and named it Lingyin. During Kangxi's southern tour in the Qing Dynasty, Beifeng climbed the temple and the Range Rover. He saw a lonely forest at the foot of the mountain, and the whole temple was shrouded in a faint morning fog, which made it very quiet, so he named Lingyin Temple "Yunlin Temple". The four giant monuments of Yunlin Temple in front of Tianwang Temple are the imperial pens of Emperor Kangxi. In its heyday, Lingyin Temple had nine floors, eighteen pavilions and seventy-two halls, with more than 3,000 monks. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Lingyin Temple was listed as the first of the five Buddhist temples with its outstanding personality and majestic atmosphere. Lingyin Temple really got the meaning of "seclusion", and the whole magnificent temple was deeply hidden in the dense forest of West Lake and the thick green of Qingquan. There is a cold spring in front of the temple, Feilaifeng.
Main landscape of Lingyin Temple:
Hall of Heavenly Kings
The entrance of Lingyin Temple, the first temple, Tianwang Temple. There are two giant plaques hanging directly above the gate of the temple. The inscription "Yunlin Temple" was given by Emperor Kangxi, the holy ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, and Lingyin Temple, also known as Yunlin Temple, took this as its title. The next plaque "vulture flying" was inscribed by Mr. Huang. Because there is Feilai Peak opposite this temple, it is said that this peak flew from Jiu Feng, the Indian spirit. Huili, a monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, thought that this peak contained immortal spirit, hence the name Lingyin Temple. Because there are four heavenly kings in this hall, it is called the Hall of the Heavenly Kings.
Maitreya is enshrined in the middle of this hall, with a big belly and a grin. He seems to be smiling at you when you step forward. Do you know what's in his stomach? Do you understand why he laughs so hard? The answer is: a big belly can accommodate things that are difficult to accommodate in the world; Laugh, laugh at the ridiculous people in the world.
Maitreya Buddha, transliterated in Sanskrit, literally translated as cishi, which means compassion. According to Buddhist scriptures, Maitreya was born in a Brahmin family and later became a disciple of the Buddha. He died in front of the Buddha, saying that the Bodhisattva was a heaven and a human being and lived in Doulv. In China, the statues of Maitreya, usually enshrined in temples, are often filled with chubby smiles. This monk was born in Fenghua, Mingzhou (now Fenghua, Zhejiang) and became a monk in Lin Yue Temple. Before he died, he sat on a rock in Lin Yue Temple and said, "Maitreya is a real Maitreya. There are thousands of members in two places who always show them when people don't know." People think that he is the incarnation of Maitreya, so the statue is dedicated to it.
On both sides of the Maitreya Buddha statue, you can see four tall and mighty generals. They are all wearing armor and holding weapons, glaring, giving people a sense of sublime everywhere, a bit like the generals on the battlefield in ancient China, and this is the four donkey kong that everyone hears from time to time. But please don't be afraid! They are all general protectors. They are mighty and unyielding, protecting everyone who does good. Therefore, in Buddhism, they are also called "Four Heavenly Kings to Protect the World".
Among them, the king of the East holds the pipa, the king of the South holds the sword, the king of the West holds Yi Long, the king of the North holds the umbrella in his right hand and the silver mouse in his left hand. The musical instruments held by the four of them represent "wind", "tune", "rain" and "shun" respectively, symbolizing "good weather, peaceful country and people's security". In Buddhist scriptures, the world of all beings is divided into the realm of desire and the "three realms". Every world will practice meditation again.
The level of kung fu is divided into several days. The highest heaven in the world of desire is the "Six Desires Heaven", where immortals live. The four kings who want to protect Buddha refer to the king who holds the country in the east, the king who grows in the south, the king who has broad eyes in the west and the king who is rich in the north. Also known as the four kings, the four dharma kings and the four dharma gods. Six desires are divided into six layers. The first layer is crabs from Xu Mi, which are called "Four Heavenly Kings". There stands a big mountain called Gandhara Mountain. There are four peaks in this mountain. The four heavenly kings and their families live here respectively. They "protect each other"
(1) In the East, the king of a country is dressed in white, holding a pipa and wearing armor. "Holding the country" means that the king is merciful and protects all beings. Guard Dongsheng China.
(2) The growth king of the south, with a blue body, wearing armor and holding a sword, is said to be named after his ability to make all living beings grow good roots. Defend South Station County.
(3) The King of Wide Eyes in the West is called "Wide Eyes" because he has red body and hands wrapped around dragons. According to the Buddhist scriptures, he observes the world at any time and protects all beings with clean eyes. Mr. Niu Hezhou guarding Xi.
(4) The well-known heavenly king in the north is green, with an umbrella-shaped treasure in his right hand and a silver mouse in his left. Smelling more means hearing his Ford name from all directions. He can subdue all demons and protect the property of all beings with his treasure umbrella and silver mouse. He is also a god of wealth. Defend Luzhou, the northern capital.
Behind the statue of Maitreya, you can see a statue-Wei Tuo Bodhisattva. He holds a magic pestle in his hand, which is extremely majestic and symbolizes the surrender of all evil forces in the world. He vowed to protect Buddhism and serve all beings forever. Wei Tuo, Sanskrit transliteration for privately built Tuo. According to Buddhist legend, this god, also known as General Wei Tian, is one of the eight generals under the Southern Growth King and the first of the thirty-two generals among the four kings. It is the most famous protector of monks, monasteries and lent offerings. When the Buddha was about to die, General Wei was entrusted by the Buddha to protect Buddhism. Therefore, nowadays, in Buddhist temples, the statues of Wei Tuo are generally directed at the statue of Sakyamuni in the Ursa Mahayana Hall, so as to protect the Buddha from evil spirits. The Wei Tuo statue of Lingyin Temple is a relic of the early Southern Song Dynasty, which has a history of more than 800 years. This statue of Wei Tuo is very tall.
2.5 meters, carved from a camphor tree, is one of the earliest existing Buddha statues in Lingyin Temple. Sakyamuni temple
Daxiong Hall, commonly called "Auditorium", is the place where monks in the temple recite scriptures in the morning and evening. According to the Buddhist scriptures, Sakyamuni Buddha has the wisdom and strength to subdue the five-yin demon, the troubled demon, the dead demon and the monty demon. It is called "Daxiong", which means all fearless Hercules. Later, it was regarded as the "German title" of Sakyamuni. Therefore, the temple called Mahatma Hall as Mahatma Hall.
Above the main entrance, there are four words inscribed by Mr. Zhang Zongxiang, the former director of Zhejiang Province: "Wonderful territory is solemn". The magnificent plaque below is engraved with the words "Hall of Great Heroes", which was rewritten for the second time by the late calligrapher Sha Menghai on 1987. "Daxiong" is the name of Buddha, which means that Buddha has great power to subdue all demons, and it also means to praise Sakyamuni's noble Buddha nature and weeds.
This hall is an imitation of the Tang Dynasty and was built in the Qing Dynasty. It adopts the traditional practice of three rests on the top of an ancient building, and the cornice is very high, which makes the huge roof look light and lively. Tile decoration, window grilles, buckets, flying reliefs and Yunlong pictures on the ceiling all show the superb art of ancient architecture in China. This magnificent temple is 33.6 meters high, seven rooms wide and four questions wide, which is rare for other Buddhist temples in China.
The Buddha sitting on the lotus platform in the middle of this hall is Sakyamuni Buddha. 1953 When Lingyin Temple was rebuilt, Professor Deng Bai from East China Branch of Central Academy of Fine Arts was based on the famous Zen Buddha statue in Tang Dynasty, which was carefully designed and created by East China folk artists and carved with 24 pieces of camphor wood. And was personally examined and approved by Premier Zhou Enlai. This Buddha statue with lotus flower is 24.8 meters high, only 19.6 meters high. It is the largest camphor wood carving Buddha statue in China at present. The Buddha statue is full, kind and solemn. Sit on the lotus table with your left hand up, make an auspicious gesture, lean forward slightly and stare.
Looking up at the temple just meets the sight of the Buddha to show the Buddha's concern for all beings.
The statues standing on the east and west sides of the temple are called the Twenty Celestial Realm, which comes from the Golden Classic. They are the gods in charge of the sun, the moon, the earth, water, electricity, fire, rain, wind and wealth. In the East, these ten statues are: the Dragon King of Phuket, the King of Growth, the King of Firmness, the Devil Goddess, the God of Wei Tuo, the head of Mohan Luo Tian, the King of Richness, the King of Sun Palace and the King of Brahma. The ten western statues are: Yama right, Mori's Heaven, Guanglu Heavenly King, Bodhi Tree God, Sanzhi General, King Kong Secret, National Heavenly King, Distinguished King, Moon Palace Tian Zi, and Emperor Tianzun. They all have instruments and weapons symbolizing magical power. We can know from their clothes that they are imitating the clothes of civil and military officials of China feudal dynasty.
Sitting on the east and west sides of the back, there are twelve statues of * * *, which are called "Twelve Round Feelings" and mean "Full Consciousness". According to legend, they are the twelve disciples of the Buddha. From the east, they are Manjusri, Bodhi, Xianshou, Guanyin, Maitreya and Mute. From the west, they are: Pu Xian, Miao Jue, Shan Hui, Shan Jian, King Kong Zang and Yin Wei. The layout of the main hall of the Twelve Rounds is very rare in Buddhist temples all over the country.
On the back wall of the main hall, you can see a group of large sculptures, which are more than 20 meters high. Sculpture materials are all made of clay without any cement. It takes "the boy worships Guanyin" as the main body, and there are large and small Buddha statues 150, which are different in expression and lifelike. It also fully shows the allusions in the Buddhist "Hua Yan Jing". A rich boy went south to meet 53 famous teachers before he could blossom and bear fruit. It is the so-called "fifty-three ginseng".
This group of sculptures is divided into three layers: heaven, earth and sea. The statue on the top floor, withered and steep, is the form of Sakyamuni practicing hard in the snow-capped mountains before becoming a Buddha. The golden figure sitting on the unicorn in the middle floor is a Tibetan Buddha, and the well-known Guanyin Bodhisattva is standing on the bottom floor with a clean water bottle in the middle, with his feet on the fish. Legend has it that this fish is the king of the sea. When its eyes blink, it may cause landslides, tsunamis, floods and earthquakes, and then it is tamed by Guanyin Bodhisattva, so it becomes the chair of Guanyin Bodhisattva. On the right side of Guanyin Bodhisattva, there is a boy with his hands folded and wearing a red Chinese-style chest covering. He is lucky, and the dragon lady is on the left. The legendary "golden couple" refers to them. This group of wall sculptures can be said to be excellent works of Buddhist art, which fully embodies the magical skills of religious artists.
Yaoshidian
The third hall of this temple, the pharmacist hall, rests on the top of the mountain, with a single double eaves, seven exposed on the front and three in depth. Above the main entrance is the word "Yakushido" inscribed by Mr. Zhao Puchu, the former president of the Chinese Buddhist Association, which is majestic and powerful. In the temple, the pharmacist Buddha sits on the lotus seat, and the sun Buddha stands on the left, holding the sun in his hand, symbolizing the light; Standing on the right is the Moonlight Bodhisattva, holding the moon in her hand, symbolizing coolness. Together, they are called "Three Sages of the East".
According to the classic of pharmacologists, the pharmacist Buddha is the leader of the pure glass world in the East, also known as the "Great Doctor King Buddha". Because he can make all living beings get happiness from suffering and relieve pain and disaster, people also call him "the pharmacist Buddha for eliminating disasters and prolonging life". When he walked the Bodhisattva Road, he made twelve wishes, each of which was to satisfy all sentient beings, uproot all sufferings and cure all diseases.
The oriental world of pure glass is extremely magnificent, and everything there is extremely pure and bright. There are no five poisons and three evils, and it is a pure land that Buddhists yearn for.
The twelve statues on both sides of the Hall of Ursa Major are twelve disciples of the pharmacist Buddha, known as the "medicine boy" and the god of medicine fork. They wear helmets and armor with strong penetrating power, and they look dignified. There are 7,000 magic warriors under his command, who are on duty by turns at twelve o'clock to educate and protect all beings.
court
The fourth temple of this temple-Zhizhi Hall. Pointing directly means "pointing directly at people's hearts and treating nature as Buddha", pointing directly at the main hall, which is equivalent to the Dharma Hall of other temples. It is mainly used to give lectures in the temple, and many large-scale lectures and dharma meetings in the temple are held here.
In the center of the temple, there is a platform carved with Dongyang woodcarving, which is exquisite and unusual. There is a Leo on it, which is the throne of the mage when he lectures. Because the mage preaches the Tathagata Dharma, he can destroy heretics and demons, just like a lion roaring and all animals are obedient, hence the name Leo. Exquisite carvings are hung on the back of the seat, which is the main feature of the Dharma Hall. The so-called Falun means that the Buddha thinks that there is more than one person in one place, just like a wheel, hence the name.
Cultural relics exhibition hall
Below the Fatang is the Lingyin Temple Cultural Relics Exhibition Hall, with an area of 638 square meters, equipped with waterproof, fireproof, moisture-proof, electronic monitoring and air conditioning systems. There are forty or fifty display cabinets in the hall, which contain the cultural relics collected by Lingyin Temple in past dynasties. The collection can be roughly divided into four aspects: first, the instruments used by the abbots of Lingyin Temple in previous dynasties, such as blowing dust and wishful thinking; Second, pure cultural relics, such as porcelain bottles in the Southern Song Dynasty; Third, Buddhist cultural relics, such as Bayeux sutra, scriptures written by Tang people, unearthed Buddha statues, etc. Finally, there are rich and unusual treasures of calligraphy and painting, such as Wu Changshuo's seal script banners, Ren Bonian's fan paintings, Sha Menghai's calligraphy couplets, and the living Buddha of Jigong painted by monks in the Qing Dynasty. Some of these cultural relics are extremely precious and have been appraised by Hangzhou Cultural Relics Bureau.
Cultural relics under first, second and third class protection. The exhibition hall of cultural relics can be said to be a microcosm of the history of Lingyin Temple, which embodies the profoundness of Buddhist culture and is a real treasure house.
Huayandian
Huayantang, the last temple in this temple. Looking down from Huayantang, the five halls run through a central axis, and the "Huayantang" inscribed by Qiao Shi, former chairman of the National People's Congress, hangs on the door. There are three majestic Buddha statues in Huayan Hall. In the middle is Pilu Jinna Buddha, on the right is Manjusri Bodhisattva with great wisdom, and on the left is Maharashtra Bodhisattva. The three Buddha statues are all carved from precious and huge nanmu, with exquisite carvings and beautiful lines. In order to coordinate with the true colors of nanmu, only some thin lace is outlined with gold foil, giving people a solemn feeling. The whole group of Buddha statues is as high as 13 meters. According to records, these three are all saints of Huayan boundary, so they are also called "Three Sages of Huayan", hence the name Huayan Hall.
Pilu covers Buddha, which means everywhere. It is said that Buddha's troubles are pure, his virtues are well prepared, his body and soil are commensurate, and he has endless true merits, which is the reality of all attention: this self-nature, also known as Dharma Buddha. Bodhisattva Puxian, because of its position at the top of the Tao, is called Pu: after breaking the Tao, it is adjacent to the holy position, so it is called Xian. Manjusri is a bodhisattva and Manjusri is a wonderful virtue. Seeing the Buddha's nature clearly is incredible, and there are three virtues: the dharma body is complete and the prajna is liberated, so it is called wonderful virtue. Peluzena Buddha is rational and complete, in the middle position: Manjusri Bodhisattva is the main wisdom gate, standing on the left side of Peluzena Buddha; Bodhisattva Samantabhadra is in charge of the gate, which is located on the right side of Pilu Zena Buddha.
Hua Yan Jing said, "Manjusri Bodhisattva is always the mother and teacher of all the infinite buddhas and cultivates all sentient beings." He is called "wisdom first" among all bodhisattvas. Among the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province is the Dojo where Manjusri Bodhisattva shows its comfort.
Hua Yan Jing says: Bodhisattva Samantabhadra teaches all sentient beings with ten wishes. Among the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, Mount Emei in Sichuan is the Dojo where Bodhisattva Samantabhadra preaches.
Five hundred Luohantang
The 500 Arhat Hall in Lingyin Temple has existed since the Ming Dynasty and was later abandoned. The reconstruction of Luohantang in the early Qing Dynasty had a great influence and enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad. The current Luohantang was built in the late 1990s, with a total area of 3 1 16 square meters and a high center.
The degree is 25 meters, and its plane is in the shape of "_", and the word "_" is one of the 32 phases of Buddha, to show the idealism of all laws, the harmony of all virtues and all the interests. It is the largest arhat hall in China at present. The building was awarded the "Qianjiang Cup" and "Xihu Cup" quality engineering trophies by provinces and cities respectively.
There are 500 bronze arhats in Luohantang, each with a height of 1 .7m, a base width of1.3m and a weight of1ton. Their images are diverse, expressive and lifelike, with a total cost of 30 million RMB. Arahat is the abbreviation of Sanskrit Arahat, which has three meanings in Chinese translation: kill a thief, have no life, and give repentance. He is a Buddhist saint. Killing thieves, thieves, refers to the confusion of thinking. Arhat can break the three realms and see the confusion of thought, so it is called killing thieves. Without life, there is no life. Arahant entered nirvana and was no longer born in the Three Realms, so it was called unborn. In response to confession, arhat wants to vent all his troubles and get support from others, so it is called confession. According to records, 500 arhats are 500 followers of the Buddha.
In the middle of Luohan Hall is a bronze hall of four famous Buddhist mountains, dedicated to Manjusri Bodhisattva of Wutai Mountain, Bodhisattva Puxian of Emei Mountain, Guanyin Bodhisattva of Putuo Mountain and Dijiuhua Mountain respectively. In Buddhism, these four bodhisattvas symbolize great wisdom, great merit, great compassion and great wish respectively. The bronze hall is12.62m high, with a wingspan of 7.77m and a floor area of 5m. Using casting, forging, engraving, carving, inlaying, etc. 12 technology, it has three double eaves, four facades, dragons on columns, carved flowers on columns, exquisite shape and magnificent momentum. It is "the best indoor bronze hall in the world" and has been listed in Guinness Book of Records. Daoji Zen master hall
Daoji Zen master's temple, in which there is a statue of Jigong with a broken fan in his right hand, a rosary in his left hand and a right foot resting on the altar, is a famous "Jigong Living Buddha" among the people.
Jigong is a real figure in history. Born in Shaoxing in the 18th year of Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 148), he died in Jiading in the 2nd year (A.D. 1209). His original name is Li Xinyuan and his legal name is Jigong. He was born in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, and was the great-grandson of Li Wenhe, a captain of Tiantai Linhai at that time. The place where he became a monk was Lingyin Temple. In his life, people made him eccentric. In fact, Jigong is a famous monk with a frank and honest personality. His master is a famous Hui Yuan Zen master. Jigong's Buddhist attainments are quite high. However, his life behavior is different from that of ordinary monks. According to records, Jigong was wild and unruly, drinking and eating meat, and he was crazy, which was incompatible with ordinary monks, so that the prison temple was incompatible. At that time, the abbot of Lingyin Temple was a blind monk in Hui Yuan. Someone presented this bizarre behavior of Jigong to Hui Yuan, a blind church. Instead of dismissing him, Zen master Hui Yuan replied, "Why don't you upset a monk with so much practice?" ! Everyone stopped talking about it.
After Jackson Hui Yuan died in the blind hall, Jigong left Lingyin Temple and soon went to Jingci Temple. He spent the rest of his life in Jingci Temple until he sat up and died.
Jigong lived a happy and elegant life, and liked to travel everywhere, covering Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan and other places. He is often disheveled and restless, purchasing medical stones for people, treating diseases and practicing medicine, solving problems, often effectively and widely helping people's sufferings. Therefore, its virtues are widely read by people.
On the left and right sides of the statue of Jigong are eighteen arhats, which are regarded as real people who should be supported by heaven, so they are also called eighteen should be true. According to classic records, they are also disciples of Sakyamuni Buddha.
Come to Lingyin Temple and be quiet.
Lingyin Temple: "Once you put it down, you will feel at ease."