Consult literature, know others and discuss the world-read through the main idea and classify it reasonably.
Grasping the eyes of poetry-mastering images-analyzing skills-clearing the way of thinking
I just saw a student asking about the preview of ancient poetry, and I couldn't help but want to talk about my own experience. As a literature teacher, I also like reading ancient poems. When you get an ancient poem, of course you won't read it blindly. I suggest previewing according to the following ideas, which will get twice the result with half the effort. To be more intuitive, let me give you an example:
Du Fu in Moonlit Night (Tang Dynasty)
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.
Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .
The first step: consult the literature, meet people and discuss the world.
The so-called understanding people and discussing the world is to understand the writer and his life thoughts, understand the background of the times, and of course, the most important thing is the era in which the works are located.
1. The author of this poem is Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, with a gloomy style. We can know his basic life experience by consulting the literature.
2. The background of this poem is that when the An Shi Rebellion broke out, the whole country was in turmoil, and Du Fu was no longer trapped in Chang 'an. But went deep into the people and saw the sufferings of the people and the disadvantages of the country under the war. This poem was written by Du Fu when he looked at the moon and missed his family during the war.
3. The literature is as follows: In the spring of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), An Lushan attacked Tongguan from Luoyang. In May, Du Fu moved from Fengxian to Baishui (now Baishui County, Shaanxi Province) to his uncle. In June, Chang 'an fell, Xuanzong fled to Shu, the rebels entered Baishui, and Du Fu fled to Qiang village in Zhangzhou with his family. In July, Su Zong ascended the throne in Lingwu (now Lingwu County, Ningxia). Du Fu learned that he had arrived in Lingwu from Zhangzhou alone, only to be captured by Anshi rebels on the way and taken back to Chang 'an. In August, the author was forbidden to write this poem in Chang 'an.
Step 2: Read through the main idea and classify it reasonably.
1. Main idea of the poem: Now you can consult the literature to understand, so I won't go into details.
2. Reasonable classification: refers to the type of poetry, the teacher will tell the students, such as: pastoral poetry? Poetry about history and nostalgia? Philosophical poetry? And the form of poetry is five words? Metric? Slow word? Wait a minute. Different kinds of poems will have different emphases when they are appreciated. To put it simply, nostalgic poems, for example, mostly borrow the ancient to satirize the present; Landscape poems either express praise, or are tired of officialdom, or infiltrate seclusion (usually read more and classify more, and you will understand)
Du Fu's poems are very expressive. Emotionally, on the surface, it is a poem about missing family on a moonlit night.
Step 3: Grasp the poetic eyes.
1. Eyes of poetry and eyes of words: This is a key factor in poetry reading. There are many ways to analyze this, so I won't go into details here.
The poetic eye of Du Fu's poem is obviously "looking alone". Why do you watch it alone on a moonlit night? what are you reading? You can think in a poetic way.
Step 4: Master the image analysis technology.
1. Image: Reading poetry is inseparable from image. This is also the focus that teachers will talk about. What is an image? We won't explain. I think you should understand very well.
The most typical image in Du Fu's poems is the "moon", which symbolizes league members and missing. It is also a symbol of the country's escape from chaos. You can analyze it in depth.
2. Skills: Ancient poems always use various skills: such as rhetoric, such as expression (scene blending, etc. )
Du Fu's songs are written in a musical style: it is obvious that Du Fu misses his family, but it is written on the opposite side of his family's missing Du Fu. Can be analyzed in detail.
Step 5: Find out the ideological connotation.
1. Ideological connotation: Du Fu's poems are not so great if they only express his thoughts about his family. Many people have written about the moon through the ages, but this one is so famous because of its ideological connotation:
"When can we lie on the screen again, look at the bright light and stop crying? "I wrote the idea that everyone in the world was * * * at that time, expressing the sadness of leaving this country.
Of course, I also recommend using mind mapping, which is really a good method. I suggest using: for example, very simple "bubble mind map" and tree mind map (add your own mind map and find your own mind map).
Bubble mind map
In short, according to the above five aspects, reading more books and practicing more will definitely have good results! If you don't understand anything, you can trust me privately.