Investigation and study on environmental pollution sources in Cenxi city

Second, the purpose and significance of the study:

In recent 10 years, with the continuous expansion of the city scale, the population has increased rapidly. When vigorously developing industries and township enterprises, we only pay attention to short-term economic benefits and ignore environmental protection, and environmental pollution has reached a very serious level. Exhaust gas from industrial and mining enterprises and automobiles pollutes urban air. A large number of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are discharged into rivers at will, which deteriorates the water quality of rivers and endangers human health and the reproduction of animals and plants. Noise pollution caused by traffic and industrial production has destroyed the living environment of human beings. There are too many wastes in the life of residents and the production process of factories and enterprises, which affect human life and endanger people's survival. Environmental pollution is a very complicated problem, involving the sky, land and rivers, directly affecting thousands of households, and the evil consequences caused by environmental pollution will also affect future generations, which is related to the continuation and development of mankind. Therefore, solving the problem of environmental pollution is one of the major social problems, which has attracted the attention of relevant non-governmental departments.

The research of this topic is to investigate the main environmental pollution sources in Cenxi city and understand the methods and measures of relevant departments to deal with industrial "three wastes" and urban garbage. Improve our awareness of environmental pollution and environmental protection. And put forward our reasonable opinions and suggestions to the relevant departments, so that our city attaches importance to environmental protection and gradually solves the problem of environmental pollution. In order to cultivate students' noble sentiments of caring for society and protecting the environment and create a beautiful urban environment.

Third, research methods:

1, access method

2. Field investigation method

3. Sampling experimental method

4. Methods of accessing and searching data

Fourth, the research process:

We follow the general process of inquiry learning: determining the course-designing the research scheme-making the opening report-inquiry research-reporting the research results-discussing the research results. In the concrete operation, the basic operation mode is constructed by defining the main tasks, basic activities, teachers' main guiding activities and organizing important teaching activities.

Main tasks:

1, division of labor: form groups to determine the sub-topics to be studied in each group;

2. Project preparation stage: make all preparations for project implementation;

3. Research implementation stage: practice and experience of research activities;

4. Summary and reflection stage: exhibition, communication and general evaluation.

Basic activities:

1, group discussion, scheme exchange, topic discussion;

2. Social investigation and field visit: visited the Environmental Protection Bureau and the sanitation station, and visited key industrial pollution sources such as sulfuric acid plant, fertilizer plant, paper mill and titanium dioxide plant;

3. Go to the library to find information and collect information;

4. Write a plan, report and achievement composition.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) research results:

Through this study, we know that the environmental pollution in our city mainly includes the following aspects:

1. air pollution: it mainly comes from burning a lot of coal in factories, which emits a lot of toxic sulfur dioxide. Some factories emit a lot of tail gas in the production process. As well as the exhaust emission of motor vehicles, it contains a lot of harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. It is understood that for every ton of sulfuric acid produced by a sulfuric acid plant, 10 ton of coal is burned, and sulfur dioxide 14 cubic meter and waste gas 1 cubic meter are emitted. Thousands of cars are driving in cities every day, and 10 kg of hydrocarbons and 4 kg of nitrogen oxides are discharged into the atmosphere. According to the above data, if toxic substances such as sulfur dioxide and waste gas are directly discharged into the air without treatment, the air pollution index will reach 20~22.

2. Water pollution: mainly from industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. According to the investigation, ten major industrial pollution sources in this city discharge as much as 100 tons of wastewater every day. Its wastewater contains inorganic substances such as acid, alkali and salt, compounds of heavy metals such as mercury and lead, and organic substances such as grease to varying degrees. These untreated wastewater are directly discharged into rivers, and the pH value of wastewater discharged from titanium dioxide factory is less than 1.2, and the COD value is 25 tons. People in this city discharge 1000 tons of domestic sewage every day. Mine development and stone processing discharge wastewater 10 ton every day, with pH value of 8.0~9.0 and COD value of 25~30.

3. Noise pollution: It mainly comes from traffic noise, industrial noise, building noise and social life noise. According to the survey, the noise generated by various vehicles is generally above 80 decibels, while the noise generated by industry, especially sawing machines, can be 80-90 decibels higher, and the noise generated by construction and social life can reach 70-75 decibels.

4. Solid waste pollution: it mainly comes from the waste of residents' lives, the waste of factories and enterprises, the mud sprayed everywhere in the process of stone development, and the waste discarded everywhere in the construction industry. It is understood that the city produces no less than 150 tons of garbage every day, no less than 15 tons of garbage in each township and no less than 70 tons of garbage in urban areas. Among them, the garbage from industry accounts for 30% of the total. Classification ratio of all kinds of garbage: insoluble garbage such as white pollution, film, lunch box and plastic accounts for 6%~7%, and other garbage accounts for 40% except soluble garbage. Due to the excessive accumulation of garbage in cities and the continuous spread to rural areas, a large amount of land is used for garbage. The city's garbage accounts for about 0. 15% of the city's land area, and the urban garbage accounts for about 7.5%.

Six, the impact of environmental pollution

Among them, air pollution makes the city air dirty and smoky, and people inhale toxic gases, which will stimulate people's throat and nose, make people have headaches and vomit, endanger people's health and damage animals and plants. Water pollution makes the water quality of polluted rivers worse, and the quality of drinking water decreases; It will seriously poison fish, acidify soil, destroy farmland and damage crops. Endangering people's health and the reproduction of animals and plants. The water quality of our city, the upper reaches of Huanghua River and the lower reaches of Yichang River has been seriously polluted, and some river sections have almost become "Heihe River", which is already a peerless fish and shrimp. Noise pollution affects people's life, work and physical and mental health. Solid waste occupies a lot of land and pollutes groundwater, especially in hot weather, where garbage stinks and mosquitoes abound. If the garbage is not cleaned up in time, the whole city will become filthy.

Seven. counter-measure

According to the problems existing in the investigation of environmental pollution sources in our city, after discussion, our team members put forward the following solutions:

1, the relevant competent departments of the municipal government should fully realize the seriousness of environmental pollution and the main environmental pollution sources in our city, carry out environmental publicity and education in a planned way, continuously improve the public's environmental awareness, and take effective measures to eliminate environmental pollution sources.

2. Track and monitor the "three wastes" in factories and enterprises, put forward treatment methods and comprehensive utilization, and eliminate the main pollution sources within a time limit.

3. Domestic sewage should be discharged uniformly. Urban domestic waste and township domestic waste should be collected in a unified way for better landfill and incineration, and it is best to carry out comprehensive treatment and recycling.

4, white pollution, film, lunch boxes, plastics and other insoluble, refractory garbage to limit the use or effective recycling.

5. The sewage discharged from the stone development industry will be precipitated and a sewage dam will be built. Set the time for stone processing. Cars, entertainment places and dance halls are forbidden to honk their horns in urban areas to limit the time, so as to avoid excessive noise affecting people for 24 hours.

Eight, experience

Through research activities, we have cultivated our ability to analyze, discover and solve problems with knowledge, cultivated our team spirit and enhanced our awareness of environmental pollution and protection. At the same time, it also strengthens our feelings of caring about society, health and environmental protection.

Through research study, I have improved my social skills and eloquence, and also greatly promoted the deepening and improvement of chemical knowledge. Through your own personal experience and exploration, you can master the knowledge you have learned in the textbook more firmly. Through some sampling, design the experimental scheme and do the experiment by yourself, which improves the experimental operation ability. Through research study, we know the methods, steps and implementation methods of problem research.

The success of our research study has been strongly supported by school leaders and relevant departments, and it is inseparable from the cooperation between teachers and students. Therefore, the results of this research study are the joint efforts of all members of our entire research group.