Key words: rural pupils, interest cultivation, habit formation, method training, training effect.
"Reading thousands of books, writing like a god" is about reading widely, reading books thoroughly, putting them into practice, and using them will be handy, which shows the importance of extracurricular reading. Extracurricular reading occupies a considerable proportion in Chinese teaching. Actively carrying out extracurricular reading is an important way to improve students' Chinese literacy, language accumulation, reading knowledge and reading ability, which can lay a solid foundation for students' future study, life and work. However, at present, due to the influence of school conditions, family and social environment, rural primary school students do not read much after class and do not develop good self-conscious reading habits, which naturally affects the improvement of rural children's Chinese learning performance and the cultivation of their future reading ability, and also brings certain difficulties to Chinese reading teaching in primary schools.
Based on years of teaching experience, the author discusses the cultivation of rural primary school students' interest in extracurricular reading as follows:
1. Factors affecting the cultivation of rural primary school students' interest in extracurricular reading
1. Lack of an environment suitable for extracurricular reading.
Due to the backward education in rural areas in the past, parents of students living in rural areas are generally reluctant to buy books, newspapers and magazines, coupled with low educational level and busy work. Most parents themselves lack reading habits and cannot demonstrate, guide and drive. However, many of our rural schools can't build decent libraries because of the lack of funds and management conditions. There are too few books, most of which are out of date, and their practicability is not high. There is no time and space to cultivate students' extracurricular reading, which leads to students' being restricted in extracurricular reading and failing to meet the design requirements expected by the national curriculum objectives.
2. Most rural pupils don't study consciously.
Because most parents of rural students are busy going out to work, rushing around the construction site and fields, neglecting the management and guidance of their children, there is a widespread phenomenon of laissez-faire. For a long time, most children are lazy, addicted to watching TV and playing games, and naturally develop into free play, which makes it difficult for children to develop a good habit of reading after class, and most students will not consciously read after class. Although teachers also emphasize that students should read more extracurricular books, they lack good reading habits and correct reading methods, and can only swallow dates occasionally, perfunctory reading tasks assigned by teachers, with little effect, so they can't feel the joy brought by extracurricular reading and the happiness influenced by cultural knowledge, and lack the interest in conscious reading.
3. Education authorities have not paid enough attention to this.
Lack of vivid and good external environment and the guidance of students' reading direction has not formed a good reading atmosphere. Schools and teachers also go their own way, holding an indifferent attitude. As long as the classroom teaching is done well, it is not necessary to cultivate students' interest in extracurricular reading. It is enough to engage in a little situation.
The author is a teacher who has been engaged in Chinese teaching in rural primary schools for forty years, and thinks it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of rural children's interest in extracurricular reading. Reading is absorption, accumulation and foundation. Only when students are interested in the text, devote themselves to the works, observe, think, feel and express through their own practice under the guidance of teachers' teaching strategies, can the understanding gained in reading be further improved, and good reading habits will be of great benefit to children's future study and work.
Second, promoting primary school students' interest in extracurricular reading requires the joint efforts of home and school.
1. Expand extracurricular reading resources and read books for students.
Schools, families and society should actively create reading conditions for students and ensure that children have books to read and flowers to attract bees to make honey. Teachers can publicize to parents through home visits, parent-teacher conferences, etc. Extracurricular reading is of great significance for developing students' intelligence, broadening their knowledge horizons, cultivating their sentiments and improving their Chinese literacy. Parents are required to have the opportunity to take their children to libraries, bookstores, farmer's bookstores and other places to help them choose suitable books and other readable books. Junior students choose pinyin reading materials, while middle school students gradually transition to pure text reading materials.
2. Online learning resources are abundant, and parents and teachers should fully guide them.
Online learning resources are rich, but there are many kinds. Parents and teachers should help their children to choose reading content from the Internet, so as to gain more knowledge and nutrition beneficial to learning and growth, and give appropriate guidance and help to students' online reading learning content, methods and habits.
3. Stimulate interest and make students like reading.
Whether students have a strong interest in extracurricular reading is one of the important signs of the success of extracurricular reading teaching practice.
(1) Use stories to stimulate interest and arouse rural children's strong interest in extracurricular reading. It is children's nature to like stories. Teachers can tell students some vivid and interesting stories through self-study classes and moral and social classes. As soon as the teacher starts telling stories, the students will stand up and be full of energy. Children will be infected and intoxicated by those thrilling, strange and touching stories. Just when the children are enjoying the ups and downs, the teacher can stop abruptly and tell the children strange and complicated stories. For more exciting content, please read the original text by yourself. At this time, teachers can lose no time to recommend relevant reading materials to students, create a mystery of unknown reading, and let students take the initiative to find information for supplementary reading in the wonderful realm created by the above stories.
(2) Set an example to stimulate and cultivate students' interest in extracurricular reading. According to the characteristics of students' worship of celebrities and heroes, teachers can tell students stories about celebrities who love reading. Let the students know that many people who have made contributions to mankind since ancient times are models of diligent study and extensive reading. Teachers can use celebrities as role models to stimulate students' interest in extracurricular reading, encourage students to love reading, and draw rich nutrition and spiritual food from books. As long as students are attracted, they will consciously read books of interest.
4. Teach extracurricular reading methods and let students practice extracurricular reading.
What kind of extracurricular reading methods can better ensure the increase of rural primary school students' reading volume and the improvement of the effect?
(1) and so on.
While instructing students to read textbooks, teachers can adopt the method of reading more than one article and recommend a large number of materials similar to textbooks for students to read, so that students can gain more spiritual understanding. Because similar articles often have a lot in common, it can greatly improve students' reading effect.
(2) Search method
A highly knowledgeable article like The Book of Nature is easy to involve various related issues, and it may also be the unknown part that students want to know most. At this time, teachers should remind students to actively search for relevant information and seek answers, so that students can gain more knowledge in the practice of searching, collecting, reading, distinguishing, thinking and communicating. This not only exercises students' ability, but also stimulates their interest in reading.
(3) Recommended methods
Some primary school Chinese texts are extracted or adapted from the original. On the basis of students' understanding of the text, we might as well recommend the original to students to read. Because students have the basis and methods of reading the text, they will naturally use it when practicing reading the original text, and perhaps students will have a stronger interest.
5. Carry out training activities to promote students' good reading habits.
The cultivation of extracurricular reading habits should be adhered to for a long time. As long as we keep training, stimulate students' interest in reading, develop good reading habits and master correct reading methods, active reading will gradually turn into students' conscious learning behavior.
(1) Organize reading test and communication.
Teachers should regularly check students' extracurricular reading, understand students' extracurricular reading, affirm children's extracurricular reading gains, find some problems in the process, and guide students' extracurricular reading activities conveniently, effectively and better. Teachers can also arrange a class regularly to organize students to carry out various extracurricular reading theme exchange activities, so that students can collide with sparks of thoughts in the communication between classmates, and through this most direct and closest transmission of thoughts and feelings, let them learn from each other and learn from each other.
(2) Organize performance activities such as classroom story meeting and classroom drama.
Teachers regularly carry out classroom story meetings and textbook drama performances in the class, so that students can choose a story from extracurricular books and rehearse it by themselves in their spare time. Then, they can perform in the class or take part in a story-telling contest to see who is doing well, organize a student appraisal group and give positive affirmation and encouragement to the students who are doing well in the class. Through such classroom activities, students' reading, understanding, image expression and thinking training ability can be actively improved.
(3) Developing a reading contest to stimulate students' interest in reading.
We can limit the content of articles, design the types of questions, and carry out multi-level reading competitions to promote the development of students' reading ability by holding "essay competition" for students' excellent compositions or organizing class handwritten newspapers and blackboard newspapers. This is of great benefit to developing extracurricular cooperative activities, improving students' reading and writing ability, promoting students' thinking development and activating students' study life. In this way, students can experience their own success and honor, and gradually feel the happiness brought by reading, and reading becomes the need of life and study.
In short, students' extracurricular reading is a systematic learning project, which requires the persistent and unremitting efforts of teachers, students and parents. At present, many educational experts and authorities pay more and more attention to students' extracurricular reading. Governments at all levels are implementing the policies and measures for the balanced development of national education, and some schools are also striving to build scholarly campuses. Making students like reading, consciously reading and exchanging reading experience has become a way for some schools to seek new breakthroughs in education. I hope that our rural primary school classrooms and students' families can also set off an interesting reading craze, constantly improve students' extracurricular reading interest and reading level, and let good books conducive to students' growth accompany rural children out of the classroom and into the society!