Ask me ancient, or borrow a few cases to learn to write. This sentence comes from Gui Youguang's memoir prose "Selected Records of Ji Xiang". The full text takes the study hall where the author lived day and night in his youth as a lesson, and takes the personnel changes of several generations returning home as a latitude, which truly reproduces the voices and smiles of his grandmother, mother and wife, and also expresses the author's deep nostalgia for three deceased relatives.

Ji Xiang Xuan Paper's Original Ji Xiang Xuan Paper

Ming Gui Youguang

Jixuan, Qiannan attic. This room is only ten feet square and can only accommodate one person. A century-old house, dust and mud oozing out, rain betting; Every time you move a case, you can look at it. You have no choice. The room faces north, so it gets dark at noon. I repaired it a little so that it wouldn't leak from it. Four windows were opened in front, and a wall was built around the yard to keep out the sunshine in the south. It was sunny and the room was bright.

I planted orchids, osmanthus trees, bamboo and other vegetation in the yard, which added new luster to the old railings. Borrowing books, singing, sitting still, everything can be heard; And the footsteps are silent, birds peck, and people don't go. On the night of the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar, the moon is high, illuminating half of the wall. The shadows of osmanthus trees are scattered, and the shadows are shaken by the breeze, which is very lovely.

However, I live here, and there are many things to be happy about and many things to be sad about. Before that, the courtyard was connected with the north and the south. Parents are different. There are many small walls inside and outside, often. After separation, dogs treat people living in the same yard as strangers, guests have to go through the kitchen to eat, and chickens roost in the hall. The yard was fenced in at first, then the wall was repaired and changed twice. There is an old woman in the house. She used to live here. Old woman, my dead grandmother's maid, nursed for two generations, and her mother was very kind to her. The west and the back of the house are connected, and my mother used to come.

Every time Yu said, "Somewhere, my mother is here." Yu added, "Your sister is crying in my arms; Mother knocked on the door with her finger and said,' Are you cold? Do you want to eat? I responded outside the board meeting. "Never put off till tomorrow what you can, I cried, I cried.

One day, when I was in the reading room, my mother said to me, "Son, long time no see, why are you here silently?" Instead of going, he closed the door with his hand and said to himself, "My family's study has been ineffective for a long time, but I can wait for my son to succeed!" After a while, he took an elephant and said, "This is the motto of my ancestors. You will use it one day! " Looking at the ruins, it seems like yesterday, and people can't control the trombone.

The veranda with windows on the ridge has caught fire four times and can't be burned down. It must be protected by gods. After living together for a long time, people can be distinguished by their feet. Liu Bei and Cao Cao fought for the world, and Zhuge Liang was born in central Gansu, and made great achievements.

Ji Xiang said, "Shu Qing defends the Dan point, which is beneficial to the world, and then Qin Huang builds a daughter to clear Taiwan; Liu Xuande and Cao Cao fought for the world, and Zhu Gekongming started in Longzhong. The ignorance of both sides is in a corner, and the world knows enough. The rest of the area is defeated in the house, and when the eyebrows are raised and the eyes blink, it is called a spectacle. What's the difference between a famous figure in Kan Jing and a frog? "

After I wrote this article, five years later, my wife married my family. She often came to the porch to ask me some old things, and sometimes I learned to write at the table. When the lady returned to Ning, she said to the younger sisters, "I heard that the younger sister has a pavilion. What is a pavilion?" In the next six years, my wife died and the ridge of the ridge was not renovated. Two years later, I was ill in bed for a long time without any sustenance, and I sent someone to repair the South Pavilion. The pattern was slightly different from the past. However, after that, I was more outside than living here.

There is a loquat tree in the yard, which was planted by my wife when she died. Now it stands tall and luxuriant like an umbrella.

Ji Xiang Xuan, translated from Ji Xiang Xuanzhi, was originally the South Pavilion. This room is only ten feet square and can only accommodate one person. A century-old house, the dust and soil keep dripping, and the rain is flowing downwards. Every time I move the table and look around, there is no place to put it. Ji Xiangxuan sits facing south and can't get sunshine. Every day after noon, the room is very dark. I repaired it slightly to make it stop leaking. Four windows were opened in front, and a wall was built around the yard. The north wall is used to block sunlight from the south. The sun shines on the wall and reflects into the room, which is very bright.

Orchids, osmanthus, bamboo and other trees are planted in the yard, which adds luster to the old railings. Borrowed books are piled on the shelves, and you can hear all kinds of sounds when you lie up, whistle and sing, or sit quietly. The steps in the yard are quiet, birds peck at them from time to time, and people never fly away. On the fifteenth night of every month, the bright moonlight is sprinkled on half of the wall, and the shadow of osmanthus is reflected on the wall in disorder. When the wind blows, the shadows are swaying, graceful and very lovely.

But I live here, and there are many happy things and many sad things. Before this, the courtyard was connected to the north and south to form a courtyard. After the separation of my uncle and nephew, many small door walls were built inside and outside, everywhere. The owner's dog went to Jia Xi to bark, so the guests had to go over the kitchen to eat, and the chicken squatted in the hall. At first, a fence was built in the yard. Later, a fence was built and changed twice. There is an old woman at home who used to live in this porch. This old woman is the handmaid of her late grandmother and has been a wet nurse for two generations. Her late mother treated her well. The west of the porch is connected with the inner room. My mother came here once.

The old woman said to me more than once, "This is where your mother stands." She added, "Your sister was crying in my arms, and your mother tapped her finger and said,' Is the child cold? Do you want to eat? I answered each other outside the door panel ... "Before I finished, I began to cry, and the old woman also cried.

I have been studying in Xuanzhong since I was fifteen. One day, my grandmother came to me and said, "Long time no see, son. Why do you stay here quietly all day, like a girl? " When she left, she closed the door with her hand and said to herself, "Reading in our family is always ineffective. Can this child always expect his success? " After a while, she came in with an ivory hand board and said, "This was used by my grandfather Tai Changgong during the Xuande period. You will definitely use it in the future. " Recalling these things in the old days seems like yesterday, which makes people cry.

There used to be a kitchen on the east side of the porch. When people go there, they have to go through the porch. I live in it with the windows closed. Over time, I can tell who it is by the footsteps. This porch has been burned four times, so it can't be burned. Maybe it's the blessing of the gods.

I think: Bashu miser Qing, guarding the cinnabar mine, got the greatest benefit in the world. Later, in recognition of her, Qin Shihuang built a women's platform. Liu Bei and Cao Cao competed for the world, and Zhu Gekongming made contributions from Longzhong. When these two people live silently in a remote place, where can the world know about them? I live in this small shack, and in the blink of an eye, I feel that there is something extraordinary in this shack. People who know, do you want to say that I am no different from a shallow frog?

Five years after I wrote this note, my wife got married. She often comes to the porch to ask me about ancient times or borrow some case studies to write. She went back to her mother's house and relayed the words of her sisters: "I heard that there is a pavilion at my sister's house. What is that pavilion?" After six years, my wife died and the house was broken and not repaired. After two years, I was ill for a long time, so I had to rebuild the South Pavilion, which was slightly different from before. But since then, I have been away all the year round, and I don't always live there.

There is a loquat tree in the yard, which was planted by myself the year my wife died. Now it has grown as tall and lush as an umbrella.

Notes of Ji Xiang Xuanzhi 1, Ji Xiangxuan (xuān): the name of Gui Youguang's study. Xuan: Be careful of the room.

2, old: old, original.

3. Abbot: One foot square.

4. Dust and mud infiltration (shèn) and infiltration (Lü): The soil (on the roof wall) leaks downwards. Infiltration: Infiltration. Leak: Leak.

5. Yuze bet: It rains cats and dogs. Down: down. Yuze: Rain.

6. Cases: several cases, tables.

7. Gu: Look around. C: Look around.

8. Day: According to the sun.

9, faint: the light is unknown.

10, repair (q): repair, repair, repair.

1 1, open.

12. Wall around the courtyard: build a wall around the courtyard. Wall: Nouns as verbs refer to building low walls. Wall: Build a wall. Zhou ting, go around the field.

13, when: blocked.

14, Dongran: shiny appearance.

15, column rafter (shǔn): railing. Vertical columns are called columns and horizontal columns are called rafters.

16, gain: add luster. Victory: Beautiful scenery.

17, Yan (y m 4 n) Yang: settle down. Yan: Get down. Lift: lift.

18, xiào song: whistling or singing. The article refers to poetry and fu, expressing boldness and self-control. Xiao: A long, clear voice came from the mouth.

19, sitting alone quietly. Sit up straight: Sit up straight.

20. All sounds can be heard: all sounds in nature can be heard. L: The sound made in the cave also refers to the general sound.

2 1, the night of March 5: the night of the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.

22. Shanshan: Yu Pei's voice. Sam: By "mountain", it means beautiful appearance.

23.(dài) paternal difference (cuàn): when uncles and uncles separated. I: And wait. Fathers: uncles. Different: Cooking in different stoves means running away from home.

24, often: refers to everywhere, everywhere.

25. Oriental dog barks (fèi): Oriental dogs bark at the west. It means that after separation, dogs treat people who used to live in a yard as strangers.

26. over (yú) eating (páo): over eating in the kitchen. Dong: The kitchen.

27. Yes: Yes, soon.

28. Where: forever.

29. Again: twice.

30. Answer one by one. Phase: a compound word with partial meaning, referring to her (my mother).

3 1. Bundle hair: In ancient times, boys put their hair in a bun when they were adults, and 15 years old refers to childhood.

32. Fine day: all day. Actually: from beginning to end.

33. He (hé): Pass on "He" and close it.

34. Zhan (zhān) Gu Ruins: Recalling the past. Vision: look ahead. C: Look back. Expectation: Generally speaking, it means expectation and nostalgia.

35. Close the window. Close (from the inside). Xuan: Windows.

36. Dai: I am afraid. About: the tone of speculation.

37. Return: Marry my family. Return: Ancient women got married.

38. Learn to write with several words (jρ): Learn to write with several cases. How many: a small or short table. Book: write.

39. Mothering: Married daughters return home.

40. System: refers to the format and appearance of the building.

4 1, manual planting: manual planting. Hand: by hand.

42. Slim as a cover: stand tall and crown as an umbrella cover. Pavilion: It stands upright. Guy: It was called an umbrella in ancient times.

Appreciation of Ji Xiang's Xuanzhi works The author is good at selecting the most deeply felt details and scenes from daily life, expressing the characters' styles and pinning their inner feelings. For example, writing about the restored South Pavilion, with books full of shelves, birds singing from time to time, the bright moon half wall and laurel trees mottled, fully shows the author's state of mind of entertaining himself. The environment is quiet, quiet and full of poetry, but the author misses his loved ones more.

The author only writes about grandmothers, mothers and wives through one or two things. There is not much pen and ink, and nothing is big, leaving only some figures of the characters, but the voices and smiles of the characters are vividly on the paper. For example, when the mother heard her sister crying, she knocked on Nan Gezi's door with her finger and said, "Is it cold? Want to eat? " Very common action description, very common life words, vividly describe the mother's love for her children, which is very real to read and listen to.

"I cried before I finished, and I cried, too." The feeling of sadness is natural. Another example is to write a grandmother's text, which is concise, delicate and vivid. "A big girl" and "A child's success can be treated". One or two movements, such as "closing the door by hand" and "holding the elephant for a while", vividly depict the complex feelings of the old man's concern, praise and urging for his grandchildren.

When writing about his dead wife, he just said, "When I get to nave, I'll ask you about old things or learn from some books." A few strokes painted the deep affection between husband and wife. At the end, the author pinned his deep sorrow on a loquat tree. "There is a loquat tree in the yard. My wife planted it in her hand when she died. Now it is as elegant as the cover. " Loquat tree was originally a still life without thoughts and feelings, but it linked the planting time with the year of his wife's death and felt the same; Add the word "today" before "graceful and restrained" to indicate that time is passing and still life shows dynamics. The tree grows long and people die, things are different, time flies and feelings are unforgettable.

I miss people more because I miss people and get in touch with things that have a certain relationship with people. Then the connection with things led to the sadness of the past. Therefore, things are entrusted to send feelings, and things and I blend to further deepen the feelings of missing. Just saying that the tree is growing, not that people are missing, its artistic effect is: endless feelings beyond words, endless words, endless meaning.

The background of Ji Xiang Xuanzhi was written in two times. The first four paragraphs were written in the third year of Jiajing (1524), when Gui Youguang 18 years old. He expressed his nostalgia for his family through the change of his residence and the description of several small things. After experiencing life changes such as marriage, wife's death and misfortune, the author made supplementary comments on this essay in the eighteenth year of Jiajing of Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty (1539).

The author of Ji Xiang Xuanzhi introduced Gui Youguang, an essayist, writer and ancient prose writer in Ming Dynasty. The word Xi Fu, also known as Kaifu, was born in Zhenchuan, posthumous title, and is called "Mr. Zhenchuan". A native of Kunshan (now Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province), he later moved to Jiading (now Jiading District, Shanghai). Gui Youguang is a bridge between "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and "Tongcheng School" in Qing Dynasty. Together with Wang, Mao Kun, he is also known as the "Tang and Song School" and is the author of the Collected Works of Mr. Zhenchuan.