Questionnaire survey is a widely used method in social surveys at home and abroad. Questionnaire refers to a form used for statistics and investigation, which expresses questions in the form of questions. Questionnaires are a method for researchers to collect reliable data by measuring the studied problems with this controlled measurement method.

Questionnaires are mostly sent by mail, personal distribution or collective distribution. The investigator fills in the answers according to the questions in the form. Generally speaking, questionnaires are more detailed, complete and easier to control than interview forms. The main advantages of questionnaire method are standardization and low cost. Because the questionnaire method is based on the designed questionnaire tool, the design of the questionnaire needs standardization and measurability.

2. Network survey methods

Network survey is a method to collect relevant statistical data by using the Internet as an interactive information exchange channel. This data collection method includes two forms, one is to conduct a survey directly on the Internet, and the other is to collect some second-hand data in statistical surveys through the Internet. The advantages of this method are convenience, rapidity, high investigation efficiency and low investigation cost. The disadvantage is that the scope of investigation is limited to some extent, and it may be disturbed and destroyed by computer viruses during the investigation, and even all previous efforts will be abandoned.

3. Field investigation method

Field investigation method is to use objective attitude and scientific methods to conduct field investigation on a social phenomenon in a certain range, collect a large number of data for statistical analysis, and thus explore social phenomena. Field investigation is to study and analyze the relationship and influence between media and audience within the scope of communication studies.

The purpose of field investigation is not only to discover facts, but to form hypotheses through systematic design and theoretical discussion, and then to use scientific methods to verify them on the spot and form new inferences or hypotheses.

4. Social survey methods

Social investigation refers to a specific human social practice. Social investigation method is the sum of means, tools and methods used by social investigation subjects to ensure that their social investigation activities are carried out in a predetermined direction and achieve the purpose of understanding and understanding society. Social investigation method is very important in social investigation activities, and it is the third major factor that constitutes social investigation activities.

5. Sampling survey method

In other words, the survey units are randomly selected from the population, without any grouping, classification, queuing, etc. The characteristics are: the probability of each sample unit being extracted is equal, each unit of the sample is completely independent, and there is no certain correlation and exclusion between them. Simple random sampling is the basis of other sampling forms. This method is usually only used when the difference between the whole units is small and the number is small.

6. Statistical survey methods

Statistical investigation method refers to the method used by statistical institutions and statisticians to collect statistical data. The statistical investigation methods stipulated in the statistical law mainly include general survey, sampling survey, statistical report, key investigation and comprehensive analysis. The selection principle of current survey methods in China is: based on regular census, taking regular sampling survey as the main body, comprehensively using comprehensive survey, key survey and other methods, and making full use of administrative records and other materials.

Extended data:

Question statement of questionnaire survey method:

1, the principle of expressing the problem

(1) the principle of concreteness, that is, the content of questions should be specific, and abstract and general questions should not be asked.

(2) the principle of oneness, that is, the content of the question should be single, and two or more questions cannot be raised together.

(3) the principle of popularity, that is, the expression language should be popular, do not use the language that the respondents are unfamiliar with, and especially avoid overly professional language.

(4) the principle of accuracy, that is, the language used to express the problem should be accurate, and ambiguous, ambiguous or ambiguous languages or concepts should not be used.

(5) the principle of conciseness, that is, the language used to express the problem should be as simple and clear as possible, and not wordy.

(6) the principle of objectivity, that is, the attitude of expressing problems should be objective, and there should be no induced or tendentious language.

(7) The principle of non-negativity, that is, avoid using negative sentences to express problems.

2, the expression of special problems

(1) interpretation method. That is, write a functional text before the question to eliminate doubts.

(2) Hypothesis, that is, taking a hypothetical judgment as the premise of the question, and then asking the respondents' opinions.

(3) Transfer method, that is, transfer the person who answered the question to others, and then let the respondent evaluate other people's answers.

(4) Fuzzy method, that is, designing some fuzzy answers to some sensitive questions, so that respondents can make real answers. For example, personal income is a sensitive issue, and many people are reluctant to give specific answers. However, if this design;

Your annual income is:

①65438+ less than 0000 yuan ②1001~ 2000 yuan□

③200 1~5000 yuan □ ④500 1~ 10000 yuan □

⑤ 1000 1~30000 yuan ⑤ 30001~ 50000 yuan □

⑦5000 1~ 100000 yuan □⑧ 100065438+ above 0 yuan □

In this way, it is possible for respondents to make more realistic answers.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Survey Method