all one's life
Ceng Gong claimed to be a Confucian (The First Book of Ouyang Shixue by Ceng Gong). His grandfather was a doctor and his father was a doctor too often. Ceng Gong is very talented and has a good memory. When he was young, he read poetry books and could recite them. He and his brother Zeng Ye studied hard together and showed great talent from an early age. According to historical records, Gong "can speak at the age of twelve, and his language is amazing". His younger brother Zeng Zhao called him "born alert, not like a teenager" in "A Journey to My Dead Brother", and he had a superior memory, "reading tens of thousands of words and blurting it out". /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he went to Beijing to take the exam, met Wang Anshi, who was in Beijing with his father, and became close friends. At the age of 20, he entered imperial academy and wrote Ouyang Xiu, presenting "Current Affairs Policy". Ouyang Xiu appreciates his unique style of writing. Ouyang Xiu said: "There are hundreds of people who have passed our door, and they are happy to live alone." ("Bachelor Ouyang Er Shu") has been famous all over the world since then, but it has been tried and tested because it is good at planning and is lighter than the current article. In the seventh year of Li Qing (1047), his father died. As the second son (with a brother on it), he had to drop out of school and return to his hometown to serve his stepmother wholeheartedly. When Ceng Gong was a teenager, he and Wang Anshi were close friends. After boarding Ouyang Xiu's door, he recommended Wang Anshi to Ouyang Xiu. It was not until the second year of Jiayou (1057) that Ouyang Xiu presided over the examination, insisting on giving priority to ancient prose and strategic theory, supplemented by poetry, that Ceng Gong and his brothers Zeng Mou, Ceng Bu and cousin Zeng Fu won the Jinshi.
In the fourth year of Jiayou (1059), he joined the army in Taipingfu (now dangtu county, Anhui Province) and was famous for his understanding of laws and regulations and appropriate sentencing. In the past five years, Ouyang Xiu recommended him to the capital for collating, recruiting talents, sorting out and collating a large number of ancient books, such as Warring States Policy, Shuoyuan, New Preface, Liang Shu, Tang Ling, Li Taibai Ji, Inclusive Poems, Biography of Women, etc., and made many books of past dynasties. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was a proofreader of A Story of Song Yingzong, and was soon released to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) to serve his sentence. He has worked in Xining for five years, and has successively served as well-known person, Xiangzhou, Hongzhou, Fuzhou, Mingzhou and Bozhou. Honest and honest, diligent in political affairs, concerned about people's livelihood. He implemented the new law according to Wang Anshi's purpose and actual situation. Committed to rehabilitating unjust imprisonment, maintaining social order, cracking down on strongmen, disaster relief and epidemic prevention, dredging river bridges, setting up post stations, restoring cities, setting up schools, cutting official documents, rectifying official management, and abolishing exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, it was well received by the masses.
For three years (1080), Yuan Feng was appointed as the Zhizhou of Cangzhou (now Hebei). When passing through Kaifeng, Song Shenzong summoned him. Song Shenzong appreciated his suggestion that "saving is the key to financial management" and stayed in a tertiary hospital. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng, the court thought that "Ceng Gong should be a scholar in compiling the history of the Five Dynasties", appointed him as a historian, edited the courtyard, and sentenced the Taichang Hall as a ritual. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, he worshipped Zhongshu Sheren. In September of the same year, he was mourned by his mother and went to the official. The following year, he died in jiangning house (now Nanjing). Buried in the right of Nanfengyuan Chongjue Temple. The Southern Song Dynasty was called "Wen Ding" and "Mr. Nanfeng".
poetic sentiment
Ceng Gong's main achievement is writing, but he can also write poems. There are more than 400 existing poems, most of which are simple, vigorous and detached, with profound implications, just like their works. In Yuan Dynasty, Liu Biao thought that Ceng Gong was "more interested in Confucian classics all his life; Wandering around saying that the moon is not good. Poets in the Song Dynasty tend to emphasize poetry over vulgarity, and so does Mr. Wang's On Hermit, which embodies the main characteristics of his poetic art ... But he is not only good at fu style, but also some poems are vivid and vivid, which has a lasting appeal in the Tang Dynasty. Among all his poems, seven poems are the highest achievement, profound, meticulous and full of charm. For example, West Building, South of the City, Wing Willow, etc. It can be called a masterpiece of scenery writing and lyricism in modern poetry in the Song Dynasty. As far as the Eight Masters are concerned, his poems are not as good as those of Han, Liu, Ou, Wang and Su Shi, but better than those of Su Xun and Su Zhe. But it is hidden by words and is not valued. There is only one poem "Appreciating the Southern Branch". His poems have been translated into English and distributed abroad.
Ceng Gong enjoyed a high reputation for his academic and articles before his death. Down to the Southern Song Dynasty, its reputation lasted for a long time. Among the ancient literati in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu followed alone. When Lv Zuqian compiled An Introduction to China Ancient Literature, he only chose Ceng Gong instead of Wang Anshi, which shows the fashion at that time. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the Collected Works of Mr. Ba was compiled, and it began to be juxtaposed with North Korea, Liu, Europe, Wang and Wang. Wang, Mao Kun and Gui Youguang in the Tang and Song Dynasties in the Ming Dynasty were full of praise. Ceng Gong was officially listed as one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties by Mao Kun, which further established his important position in the history of prose. Fang Bao, Liu Dakui and Yao Nai, the ancestors of Tongcheng School in Qing Dynasty, took Ouyang Xiu and Ceng Gong's articles as models and began to learn from Owen. This ethos has not changed much among several generations of Tongcheng writers from to Fang. From Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, although there were some derogatory remarks about Ceng Gong, they were not the mainstream.
Ceng Gong emphasized the Six Classics as the foundation, strengthened the connotation of the article by learning from saints, and pursued graceful and elegant artistic style. Both narrative and discussion are outspoken, plain and thoughtful. Complete and rigorous layout, slow pace, clean language and clear thinking. The article is concise and mellow, with certain statutes in opening, inheritance, ups and downs, and circulation. It seems rigorous and is the easiest to learn among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Prose writers in Tang and Song Dynasties and Tongcheng School mostly imitate Zeng Wen when learning "ancient prose", which is an important reason.
Ceng Gong studied hard all his life and collected more than 20,000 books at home. He sorted them one by one until he was old. Collect 500 volumes of ancient and modern seal cutting, and compile it into Jin Shi Lu. Yuanfeng's manuscript has 50 volumes and 4 series of copies. Edited the Biography of Liang Shu Chen Shu South Shu Qi Lienv, sorted out the Warring States Policy and Shuoyuan, and continued the manuscript with 40 volumes, with the volume of Waiji 10, which died after the Song Dynasty.
Ceng Gong also attaches great importance to developing education, encouraging learning and cultivating talents. He built a "Xinglu Academy" next to his residence in Fuzhou, and personally set up study rules and teaching seats to promote Fuzhou's style of study. In Nanfeng "Zigu Park", there are places where Ceng Gong studied as a child-Reading Rock, Zengwending Temple, Yangfeng Pavilion and Sixian Hall, and the county museum is also built in it. Nanchang has a fixed road, which was also named by later generations to commemorate this saint.
Nanfeng Zeng family is a peasant family. Since Gong's grandfather was promoted to Jinshi in the eighth year of Taiping and the eighth year of Xingguo (983), there were a total of Jinshi 19 in 77 years. Among them, there are 7 Yao generation, 6 children and 6 Sun Gong generation. In addition, Gong's brother-in-law, Wang and others are also scholars. Reading Jianchang Mansion Records, Nanfeng County Records and other works, such as Gong Yuanfeng Manuscript, cannot but be shocked by the Confucian heritage, cultural accumulation and hardworking spirit of this family. In the same year, when Ceng Gong was a scholar, Su Shi and Su Zhe presented a poem saying, "Confucianism is far less than Miracle, and its words are close to Han Jing Xi", which is true.