Peking University holds a bachelor's degree in political science, a doctorate in economics from the University of Berlin, a professor at the Department of Economics of National Central University, an editor of the National Compilation Center, a secretary of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of China, and a deputy director and director of the Customs Department of the Ministry of Finance. After liberation, he served as professor and director of the Department of Economics of Nanjing University, deputy director of Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Culture, deputy director of the Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee, deputy director of the Provincial Library Committee, member of the first, second and third sessions of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, and director of the Nanjing Historical Society.
Zhu Dai, a native of Haiyan, Zhejiang, is the eldest son of Zhu Xizu, a famous historian. Zhu Dai was trained by the court since childhood, studied literature and history intensively, and received a good cultural education. 19 19 entered Beijing No.4 Middle School to study German; 1923 was admitted to Peking University Preparatory College; 1925 entered the undergraduate course to study politics and minor in history; 1929, graduated from Germany, went to Berlin University to study economics, and minored in history and philosophy.
1932 returned to China after receiving his doctorate, and served as a professor in the Department of Economics of National Central University and editor of the National Compilation Center. He is 25 years old and has taught courses such as finance, world economy and selected readings of economic classics. The following year, he served as the department head, and hired professors such as Wu Yugan, Li Deyin, Yu Jingyi, Yong Jiayuan and Liu Nanming. At that time, he gave a special lecture on the implementation of paper money system, anti-dumping of foreign commodities, tariff autonomy and other issues in China, and published papers in major newspapers and periodicals. Since then, his reputation has risen sharply, and the Department of Economics of CUHK University has also lost its reputation.
After the Japanese invaders attacked Shanghai on August 13, at the request of the financial authorities, they drew up a wartime financial plan and proposed to use taxes to support public bonds, which not only protected against inflation, but also prevented inflation, in order to raise war funds.
193865438+delivered a speech at the annual meeting of economics in China, Chongqing on February 4th, urging to maintain the legal tender and stabilize the exchange rate, so as to stabilize finance and strengthen the war of resistance. After the meeting, Minister of Finance Kong Xiangxi sent someone to invite him to be a part-time secretary of the Ministry of Finance. At the Council of Ministers, he repeatedly proposed to increase taxes to stabilize the currency, but the authorities did not adopt his measures, such as raising the income tax rate, organizing wartime profits tax, piloting inheritance tax, and rewarding anti-smuggling. Three years later, he resigned as the director of the newly established monopoly department. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, as a representative of the China government, he went to Vietnam to accept the Japanese surrender. After June 1944, he served as deputy director and director of the Customs Department of the Ministry of Finance.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/949, Zhu Dai refused to go to Taiwan Province Province and resolutely returned to Nanjing. A few days later, Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi specially hosted a banquet. Zhu Dai returned to CUHK as a professor of economics and soon became the head of the department. 1952, faculty adjustment, the Department of Economics of Nanjing University was merged into Fudan University, and in the same year, it joined the China Agricultural Workers' Democratic Party. He was still appointed as the head of the department, but Jiangsu Province refused to let him go. He served as deputy director of the Provincial Cultural Bureau, in charge of cultural relics protection and museums, and was also responsible for the preparation of the Provincial Academy of Chinese Painting.
During the demolition of Nanjing Ming City Wall in the mid-1950s, Mr. Zhu Dai stepped forward. After he visited the site, he made a suggestion to the government and demanded that it be stopped. Since then, he has been running around calling on all walks of life to stop the wave of demolition; Then he wrote an article and published it in Xinhua Daily, criticizing the relevant departments that presided over the demolition of the Ming City Wall, and telegraphed the Ministry of Culture to stop the demolition work in Nanjing.
Mr. Zhu Dai's brave action finally stopped the wave of tearing down the wall in Nanjing, and today's China Gate Wengcheng and Stone City stand tall.
The economist explained his enthusiasm for cultural relics protection like this: "Fu can neither defend his territory by fighting, nor rush to restore his old country. He should also try his best to preserve the documents of the old capital, just in case, so that the voice of the great man will last forever. "
In the "anti-Rightist" movement, he was classified as "Rightist" and was dismissed. Later, he was sent to Jiangsu People's Publishing House as an editor and then transferred to Nanjing Library. The specific work is to edit the special issue of Marxism-Leninism. When criticized, he claimed that "the family education I received was entirely the education of the scholar-bureaucrat class, and he thought himself a scholar and a poet." All these have caused the poison of feudal thoughts in my thoughts, and they are also the first source of my bourgeois thoughts. Bourgeois liberalism ... is the second source of my bourgeois thoughts. 1929 went to Germany to study, majoring in finance and economy. The scholars I contacted were completely reformists, and there were some figures from the Social Democratic Party ... All of them believed that bourgeois rule should be maintained, and at the same time, it should be improved bit by bit, and class struggle and social revolution should be opposed ... This is the third source of my bourgeois thoughts. "
196 1 year, wearing the hat of "Rightist", he became the deputy director of Jiangsu Provincial Library Management Committee.
In the last ten years of Zhu Dai's life, although he was repeatedly criticized politically, his rigorous attitude towards learning was still the same as that of that year. His love for Jinling historical sites and his spirit of pursuing Excellence in academic research have not diminished. He continued to study Chinese and foreign history and the site of the Ming Palace in Nanjing, wrote many valuable research articles, and carefully drew a map of Nanjing's historical sites. Unfortunately, before it was published, the catastrophe of the "Cultural Revolution" began, and his painstaking academic achievements went up in smoke in this turmoil.
1966 in August and September, property was looted repeatedly, furniture was robbed, porcelain was smashed and books were burned; In the process of "cleaning up the class ranks", he was suspected to be a "Kuomintang spy" and was beaten; It is common for the rebels to punch and kick him.
There was once a critical meeting for Zhu Dai, asking him to account for anti-party crimes. When he confessed, he told the story that Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi knew him. He meant that the producer trusted him, but he didn't say anti-Party. But the rebels stopped him from going on, thinking that he was whitewashing and beautifying himself. After that, Zhu Dai was quarantined and asked to write a written confession in a small newspaper reading room. Later, the rebels found that he wrote a memoir and confiscated it; The second time he was still writing a memoir, it was confiscated again; The third time he wrote a memoir; By the fourth time, he couldn't stand the relentless wind and rain and chose to commit suicide.
1968 On the morning of July 6, Zhu Dai was found lying on his back on the concrete floor in front of the Nanjing Library, and was hastily cremated without asking for forensic identification. Before he died, he wrote a suicide note: "I am innocent. If you persecute me like this, history will prove you wrong in the future. "
After the "Cultural Revolution", in June 1978 1 1, Zhu Dai was rehabilitated, rehabilitated and buried in Huashenmiao Chinese Cemetery in the southern suburbs (moved to Gongdeyuan in 2002).
At the mourning ceremony for Zhu Dai, his old friend Liu Haisu sent a couplet: "The truth lasts forever, but the heart of stone is immortal;" Regardless of right and wrong, economic articles will shine for thousands of years. " This is the most appropriate evaluation of Zhu Dai's life.
Ai Xian, chairman of Jiangsu Writers Association, said in the article "Hat and City Wall": "Zhu Xian's uncomfortable tight hat brought back a door to China for Nanjing people. Therefore, it is suggested that Nanjing people can raise funds from the society and build a statue of Zhu Li in Zhonghuamen Castle. "