Military department, official signature of Qing Dynasty. Also known as "military computer room" and "Prime Minister's Office". It was the central authority in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. In the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), the cabinet was outside the Taihe gate for fear of leaking secrets. It began with the establishment of a military confidential room in Longzongmen, and the selection of confidential personnel to compile it, with the aim of handling emergency military affairs and assisting the emperor in handling government affairs. Ten years (1732), renamed as "Handling Military Department", referred to as "Military Department" for short. The establishment of the Ministry of War was a major change in the central organs of the Qing Dynasty, which marked the culmination of the development of the centralized monarchy in the Qing Dynasty. The military department was founded in the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729). Formerly known as "Military Aircraft Room", it was later renamed as "Handling Military Department". After Qianlong, the word "handling" was omitted, and it was simply called "military department". The military department was originally set up to deal with military affairs, but it was sealed up by the emperor once it appeared, which not only extended its authority permanently. The official of the military department is the military minister, commonly known as the "big army plane", while the military plane Zhang Jing, commonly known as the "small military plane". Minister of Military Affairs was specially selected by the emperor from Manchu, Han University, Shangshu, Assistant Minister and other officials, and some were promoted by Minister of Military Affairs Zhang Jing. The name of the Minister of Military Affairs is "the military department walks" or "the Minister of Military Affairs walks". The so-called "walker" means doing things according to value. The military minister has no quota. At first, the military department was formed by three people, and later it was increased to four or five to eight or nine people, and at most it was eleven people. At the beginning of Christine, there was no quota for military aircraft. In the early years of Jiaqing, there were Zhang Jing 16 people in Manchu, and * * 32 people. Man Han Zhang Jing is on duty in two shifts, each with eight people. The appointment of Zhang Jing as a military aircraft is either called "the officer's military aircraft walks on the ground" or "Zhang Jing walks on the ground". After the establishment of the military department, in the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (179 1), the king's meeting was abolished, and the cabinet became an institution that only handled daily affairs, and all confidential major policies were handled by the military department. The military department is in charge of both military power and political power, and truly becomes the highest organ of state power. The minister of military affairs is not summoned every day, nor does he accept orders every day and muddle along between the imperial courts. Wherever the emperor went, the military affairs ministers followed him. However, the military department was completely controlled by the emperor, which was equivalent to the emperor's private secretariat. Military aircraft is the highest organ of state power, but it is always in a temporary position in form, unlike a formal state organ. The military office is not called yamen, but "duty room". The duty room of the Minister of Military Affairs is called "Military Hall". At first, there were only a few board houses, and then the tile house was rebuilt. The check-in room of Zhang Jing, a military aircraft, had only one and a half rooms at first, and then there were five rooms. There are no officials in the military department, and the Minister of Military Affairs and Zhang Jing are both part-time officials. The emperor can always order them to leave the army and return to this yamen. Military ministers have neither rank nor salary. The appointment of the minister of military affairs has no rules to follow, and it is entirely out of the emperor's free will. There is no institutional regulation for the post of military affairs minister, and everything is temporarily assigned by the emperor, so the military affairs minister is only obeying orders. "Just for passing books, don't draw a little praise", which shows that the Ministry of War is the best tool for the emperor to centralize power. The military headquarters, Cui Moqing in Haidian, as the name implies, is the secret place for the emperor to handle military affairs. It should be in the inner courtyard of the palace, and Haidian is in the northwest suburb of Beijing. Where did the military department come from? Things are strange because of Haidian's special geographical location. At that time, there was a famous commercial street called Tiger Cave in Haidian Town. This street is about a mile long and runs from east to west. Although the street is not wide, there are many shops, including Wu Derong Store, Yixing Pawnshop, Baofengzhai Cake House, Changshengtang Pharmacy and restaurants, teahouses and wineries of various grades. There is an alley on the north side and west side of the den. Because the military headquarters in Qing dynasty was located in the hutong, it was naturally called the military hutong by the locals. The military department is the third yongzheng emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. It was established in the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729) when alatan cloth fought against Junggar. The military department originated from the Baylor Council of Ministers of the Qing emperor Nurhachi, that is, all military affairs, including the emperor's succession and storage, should be decided at the Baylor Council of Ministers (so should Shunzhi's accession to the throne). After Emperor Kangxi came to power, in order to handle affairs conveniently, the emperor set up a south study room near his bedroom, which made some progress compared with Wang Baylor's ministerial meeting. After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he felt that there were still many disadvantages in South School, which made the emperor unable to understand the people's feelings. So, in the seventh year of Yongzheng, the military department was established. In the Ministry of War, there are ministers of the Ministry of War who walk and learn to walk, collectively referred to as ministers of the Ministry of War, and military attaché s such as Zhang Jing and Bi Tie. The Ministry of War in the Palace was originally located outside Gan Qing Gate, and soon moved to Gan Qing Gate, adjacent to the south study of Emperor Kangxi, and finally moved to the west of Zonglongmen. In short, it never left hall of mental cultivation, the emperor's bedroom. The Manchu recorded in The History of Ministry of War is the thirteen emperors closest to Yongzheng among Emperor Kangxi and Prince Yun Xiang, while the Manchu recorded in Hanshu is Zhang, a veteran of Kangshun Dynasty. This shows how important military aircraft are in Yong Zhengdi's mind. Haidian Military Department, Changchun Garden and Yuanmingyuan have begun to take shape. Every summer comes, the emperor will come here to escape the heat. Emperor Kangxi lived in Changchun Garden for a long time, while Yong Zhengdi lived in Yuanmingyuan for a long time. As the emperor has lived here for a long time, his confidant can't leave. It is a matter of course to be in the office of Haidian Military Department, and the Haidian Military Department was born in this way. After taking up his post here, Minister of the Ministry of War built private houses in Haidian area for convenience. For example, Fu Peng, the first military and political minister of Yongzheng Dynasty, was the son of Prince Nasu. He built a garden villa covering an area of nearly 100 acres in the southwest of Haidian Town. This is today's so-called Haidian Grand View Garden, also known as Le Jia Garden. The Military Hutong in Haidian Town is about a mile long and runs from north to south. There are still relics to be found at the end of last century, which is called Military Hutong. But at this time, the military hutong has become a typical semi-hutong. When the highway from Xizhimen to the Summer Palace was built in the early days of liberation, it was cut off and became a part of Peking University campus. It is said that only two old locust trees over a hundred years old can prove this history. However, the southern half of it was called Military Hutong until 2002. Because of the construction of the Fifth Ring Road, it was also reduced to the road surface and green belt. Since the establishment of the Ministry of War, the Qing Dynasty perished in 19 1 1, which lasted more than 80 years. Since the Yongzheng dynasty, various princes and ministers, including Beizi Baylor and famous historical officials, have come here to discuss and give directions, which can be described as historical vicissitudes. 1934, when edgar snow, a friendly American, was teaching in yenching university, he also lived in a big house in No.8 Hutong of Haidian Military Department, but its original site is now Peking University Dormitory with many high-rise buildings, and Haidian Military Department has since disappeared from the map of Beijing. The Qing dynasty strengthened autocratic rule and further strengthened imperial power. During Yongzheng, the military department was set up to handle military and political affairs. The minister of military affairs is composed of Manchu ministers, who are far-reaching cronies selected by the emperor and completely obey the emperor.