1. Cai Chen translated Confucius once, Confucius and his disciples were trapped in Cai Chen. They were trapped for seven days without food.

The disciples were hungry for seven days, all of them were sallow and emaciated, and some disciples were still worried about it. But at this time, Confucius continued to study every day, and there was no end to string songs, without complaints and troubles.

Seeing that the students were so hungry, Zi Gong broke through the encirclement with his personal belongings and went outside to change a little rice, hoping to relieve everyone's hunger.

There are more people than rice, so Yan Hui and Lutz find a big pot and start cooking gruel for everyone in a humble room.

Lutz left temporarily for something. Just then, Zigong passed by the well and turned around, just to see Yan Hui take a spoonful of porridge and send it to his mouth. Zi Gong looked a little unhappy, but instead of questioning Yan Hui, he went to his master's room.

After seeing the master, Zigong saluted him and asked him, "How about being kind and upright and turning poverty into thrift?" ? "Confucius replied," What is kindness and treachery? "If you are poor and change your ethics, how can you be an honest man with a benevolent heart?

Zi Gong then asked the master, "Will a man like Yan Hui change his integrity?" The master clearly answered Zigong: "Of course not." Zigong will see Yan Hui stealing porridge and tell his master.

After hearing this, the master was not surprised. He said, "I have believed in Yan Hui's character for a long time. Although you say so, I still can't doubt him because of this matter. Maybe there are some reasons. Don't talk about it. Let me ask him first. 」

So the master called Yan back and said to him, "I dreamed of my ancestors the other day." Must be to protect us? When your porridge is ready, I'll go to worship my ancestors first. 」

Hearing this, Yan Hui immediately respectfully said to the master, "Master, this porridge can no longer be used for ancestor worship. 」

Confucius asked, "Why? 」

Yan Hui replied, "Just now, when the students were cooking porridge, the hot air of porridge floated to the roof. After the roof was smoked, a small piece of black dust fell into the porridge If it is not clean in the porridge, the students scoop it up with a spoon. It's too bad to dump it, so I ate it. It is disrespectful to sacrifice ancestors after eating porridge! 」

Confucius said, "I see. If it were me, I would eat it, too. 」

After Yan Hui withdrew, Confucius turned to several disciples present and said, "I don't have to wait until today to prove my trust in Yan Hui. Several disciples were deeply educated and very convinced.

2. Confucius went to Chen and Cai, and did not eat for seven days. The original text of the tribute goods is as follows: Confucius went to Chen and Cai, and did not eat for seven days. Zigong surrounded thieves with his goods and sued his savages, and he got a stone for one count.

Yan Hui and Zhong will cook in a rotten house. Emo falls into the rice, but Yan Hui eats it. When Zigong saw it from the well, he was very unhappy and thought it was stealing food. He asked Confucius, "Be kind, turn poverty into thrift?" Confucius said, "What does it mean to change the festival?" Zi Gong said, "If you return, don't you change the festival? Confucius said, "Of course. Zigong told Confucius about eating, and Confucius said, "I believe it will take a long time." Although you have a cloud, you will doubt it. Is there a reason? " You stop, I'll ask.

Calling Yan Hui, he said, "If I dream of my ancestors in the past, will it help me?" I cook and eat, so I eat. "Yes:" If there is Amy in the rice, it won't be clean. If you want to dislike it, it's a pity that you can eat it back and not sacrifice it.

Confucius said, "But what? I eat, too. When Yan Hui came out, Confucius called Ersanzi and said, "My letter will wait until today.

"The second son and the third son are so convinced. Once, Confucius and his disciples were trapped in Chen and Cai's place, and there was no food for seven days.

The disciples were hungry for seven days, all of them were sallow and emaciated, and some disciples were still worried about it. But at this time, Confucius continued to study every day, and there was no end to string songs, without complaints and troubles.

Seeing that the students were so hungry, Zi Gong broke through the encirclement with his personal belongings and went outside to change a little rice, hoping to relieve everyone's hunger. There were more people than rice, so Yan Hui and Luz found a cauldron and began to cook porridge for everyone in a broken room.

Lutz left temporarily for something. Just then, Zigong passed by the well and turned around, just to see Yan Hui take a spoonful of porridge and send it to his mouth. Zi Gong looked a little unhappy, but instead of questioning Yan Hui, he went to his master's room.

After seeing the master, Zigong saluted him and asked him, "How about being kind and upright and turning poverty into thrift?" ? "Confucius replied," What is kindness and treachery? "If you are poor and change your ethics, how can you be an honest man with a benevolent heart? Zi Gong then asked the master, "Will a man like Yan Hui change his integrity?" The master clearly answered Zigong: "Of course not. "Zi Gong will see Yan Hui stealing porridge and tell his master.

After hearing this, the master was not surprised. He said, "I have believed in Yan Hui's character for a long time. Although you say so, I still can't doubt him because of this matter. Maybe there are some reasons. Don't talk about it. Let me ask him first. So the master called Yan back and said to him, "I dreamed of my ancestors the other day." Must be to protect us? When your porridge is ready, I'll go to worship my ancestors first.

Hearing this, Yan Hui immediately respectfully said to the master, "Master, this porridge can no longer be used for ancestor worship. Confucius asked, "Why? Yan Hui replied, "Just now, when the students were cooking porridge, the hot air of porridge floated to the roof. After the roof was smoked, a small piece of black dust fell into the porridge

If it is not clean in the porridge, the students scoop it up with a spoon. It's too bad to dump it, so I ate it.

It is disrespectful to sacrifice ancestors after eating porridge! Confucius said, "I see. If it were me, I would eat it, too. After Yan Hui withdrew, Confucius turned to several disciples present and said, "I don't have to wait until today to prove my trust in Yan Hui.

Several disciples were deeply educated and very convinced.

3. The original translation of "Confucius was trapped in Cai Chen" in ancient Chinese;

Confucius was poor between Chen and Cai, so he didn't drink quinoa soup and didn't taste the whole grain for seven days. A day's sleep, Yan Hui Somy, get and wide, a few cooked. Confucius saw that Yan Hui seized his retort and ate it. When I was a child, I ate well. I paid tribute to Confucius, but Confucius pretended not to see it. Confucius said: "Today's dream is to be the first king, then eat clean and then feed back." Yan Hui said to him, "No, you can't. You should throw away the food and catch it. " Confucius sighed: "Believers have eyes, but their eyes are still unreliable;" People who rely on it have a heart, but their hearts are still insufficient. Disciples remember that it is not easy to know people. "

So it is difficult for Confucius to know others. Source: Lu Chunqiu.

Translation:

Confucius was trapped between Cai and he had no food and rice for seven days. Sleeping there during the day, Yan goes back to beg and cooks when she gets it back. It's almost cooked. Confucius saw Yan Hui grabbing the rice in the pot with his hand. After a while, when the meal was ready, (Yan Hui) invited Confucius to dinner. Confucius pretended not to see Yan Hui's pilaf. Confucius got up and said, "I only dreamed of my ancestors, and I ate clean meals myself before giving them food." Yan Hui replied, "That's not true. Just now, the carbon ash floated into the pot (dirty rice), and it was not good to throw it away, so I caught it and ate it. " Confucius sighed: "(Supposedly) you should trust the eyes (what you see), but the eyes may not be trusted;" You have to trust your heart, your heart can't be trusted. Remember, it is not easy to understand people. "

So it's not hard to understand one thing. Confucius thinks it is more difficult to understand a person.

Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals is a masterpiece compiled by a group of scholars under the auspices of the Prime Minister of Qin State. This book was written on the eve of Qin Shihuang's unification of China. This book is based on Confucianism, Taoism, Ming, Legalism, Mohism, Agriculture, Soldiers, Yin and Yang, and is full of profound wisdom. Lv Buwei wants to take this as the ideology after reunification. However, the ruling Qin Shihuang later chose Legalism, which frustrated hundred schools of thought, including Taoism. Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals is a masterpiece of pre-Qin Taoism. The book is divided into 26 volumes, 160 articles, with more than 200,000 words.

As a twelve-year, eight-year and six-year theory, Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals focuses on drawing on the strengths of many schools, taking Taoism as the main body, and accepting the theories of Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mohism, and military agriculture. But the main purpose belongs to Taoism. Therefore, Hanshu Yiwenzhi listed him as a saint. Gaoyou said that the book "Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals" was "based on morality and governed by inaction", indicating that the earliest annotators had pointed out that "Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals" was dominated by Taoist thought.

4. "Confucius Family Language" Volume 5 "Dilemma", seeking translation Confucius was trapped between Cai and Cai, and there was no food at all. After eating for seven days, he was exhausted and had to lie down and rest during the day.

Yan Hui doesn't know where to get some rice. When he came back, he cooked rice, which was almost cooked. Confucius saw Yan Hui grabbing the rice in the pot with his hand.

After a while, when the meal was ready, Yan Hui invited Confucius to dinner. Confucius pretended not to see that he had just caught a meal and got up and said, "I just dreamed of my late father. This rice is clean. I will sacrifice it to my father before eating it. "

(You can't pay homage to the used rice, otherwise it would be disrespectful to your ancestors-Cheng Jie's note) Yan replied: "No way! When cooking just now, a little charcoal ash fell into the pot and stained the rice. I couldn't throw it away, so I grabbed it and ate it. " Confucius sighed: "People should trust their own eyes, but even what they see may not be credible;" People rely on their hearts, and their own hearts are sometimes unreliable.

Remember, class, how difficult it is to know someone. "The general meaning is like this.

Confucius suffered between Chen and Cai and didn't eat for seven days. His disciple is ill, Confucius' string song "Confucius Suffering".

original text

Confucius suffered between Chen and Cai and was fasted for seven days. His disciples were hungry and sick, and Confucius sang a song. Lutz entered the room and said, "Song of the Master, is it polite?" Confucius responded. At the end of the song, he said, "Origin! I said you. A gentleman is happy because there is no arrogance; I am so happy and not afraid. Whose son follows me if he doesn't know me? " Zi, dancing with Qi, finally came out. Tomorrow, from Er, Zi Gong held a stick and said, "The second and third sons have suffered from your master and have forgotten!" Confucius said, "What is good and evil? Between Cai and Qiu, Qiu is lucky. Those who have two or three sons in the mountains are very lucky. I heard that you can't be a king without being sleepy, and a martyr can't be sleepy. I don't know if it is the beginning of anger and ambition. " ("Confucius Family Language" Volume 5 "Sleeping Oath" Article 22)

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Confucius met with bad luck between Cai and Guo. He was forbidden to eat for seven days, and his disciples were hungry. Confucius sang while playing the strings (reciting rites and music). Lutz went to visit Confucius and said, "Is it a ceremony for Mr. Father to write songs?" Confucius did not answer. At the end of the song, he said, "I'll tell you when you come over." Gentlemen like music because they are not arrogant and impetuous; Little people like music because they have no fear. Is there anyone who follows me without knowing me at all? "Lutz was very happy, dancing with an axe in his hand, and then came out at the end of the trilogy. The next day, everyone got rid of bad luck. Holding a bridle in his hand, Zi Gong said, "You people are in this trouble because you follow your husband. Don't forget! Confucius said, "What is good and evil? Between Cai and me, I am a lucky person. You're lucky to follow me, Kong Qiu. It is said that a monarch can't achieve Wang Ye without being trapped, and ambitious people can't stand out without being trapped. Where do you know that these hardships are not to stimulate people's anger and sharpen people's minds? "

Annotation string song: refers to ritual and music education. In ancient times, the study of Poetry was taught by string songs, so it was called "string songs". Later, I was educated with reference to rites and music, and learned to read "Xian Ge" aloud. "The Analects of Confucius Yang Huo": "The martial city of the son, hearing the sound of string songs, the master laughed and said,' What's the point of cutting the chicken with an ox knife?' Ziyou said to him,' I've heard it before.' Confucius said,' A gentleman loves others by learning Tao, but a villain learns Tao easily.' Confucius said:' the second and third sons are also beautiful, and the order is the ear of the play.' Biography of Confucian Scholars in Historical Records: "Emperor Gao overthrew Ji Xiang and transferred troops to Lu Wei, while Confucian scholars in central Shandong still talked about learning etiquette and music, and the sound of string songs was endless. Isn't it a legacy of saints and a country of rites and music? "Liu Tang Yuxi's Notes on the New Five Classics of Chinese Studies": "Give me an apprentice and string songs will be timely." Dongyang's "Jiuqiao Bookstore Presents Professor Chen from Beijing University" says: "There are still some string songs left, and I mistakenly suspect that my family school is a palace." Liu Dakui's Zheng Wen Academy in Qing Dynasty: "String songs are in harmony with their hearts and read them to explore their meaning." "Biography of Han Poetry" Volume 1: "Yuan Xian lived in Lu, with a room full of four sides, Artemisia on all sides, a penghu urn, and a mulberry tree without a pivot, leaking from the top and wet from the bottom, sitting and singing." "Confucius' family language": "Confucius can't. I didn't eat for seven days, didn't communicate outside, didn't drink soup, and everyone who followed me was sick. The more generous Confucius is, the more enduring string songs will be. " The words in Song Dynasty's Song of Six Kingdoms by Zhang Xiaoxiang: "We are also jealous when we sing live." Yuan Liye's Jing Zhai Gu Jin Volume 1: "There are 350 ancient poems that can be played with musical instruments. Reciting what you say is in harmony with the harp, so-called string songs are also. The ancients read Poetry. " Chen Qing Ramon's Answer to the Hundred Rhymes of Hou Li 'an: "It is better to smell a house than a string song."

6. Translation, translation, urgency. Confucius' speed and speed reached Chen and Cai, and he didn't eat for seven days. Once in Zigong, Confucius and his disciples were besieged in Chen and Cai's place and had no food for seven days. The disciples were hungry for seven days, all of them were sallow and emaciated, and some of them were worried about it. But at this time Confucius continued to study every day. He broke through the encirclement with his belongings and asked for a little rice outside, hoping to relieve hunger for everyone. There were fewer people than rice, so Yan Hui and Lutz found a big pot and began to cook porridge for everyone in a humble room. Luz had something to do and left for a while. Just then, Zigong passed by the well and turned around, just to see Yan Hui take a spoonful of porridge and send it to his mouth. Zi Gong looks a little unhappy. "Confucius replied," What is kindness and treachery? "If you are poor and change your ethics, how can you be an honest man with a benevolent heart? Zi Gong then asked the master, "Will a man like Yan Hui change his integrity? The master clearly answered Zigong: "Of course not." Zigong told the master about Yan Hui stealing porridge. The master was not very surprised when he heard this, and said, "I have believed in Yan Hui's character for a long time. Although you say so, I still can't doubt him for this. Maybe there are some reasons. Forget it, I'll ask him first. " When your porridge is ready, I'll go to worship my ancestors first. Hearing this, Yan Hui immediately respectfully said to the master, "Master, this porridge can no longer be used to sacrifice my ancestors." Confucius asked, "Why?" Yan Hui replied, "Just now, when the students were cooking porridge, the hot air of porridge floated to the roof. After the roof was smoked, a small piece of black dust fell into the porridge The porridge is not clean, so the students scoop it up with a spoon. It's a pity to dump it, so they ate it. It's disrespectful to worship ancestors after eating porridge! Confucius said: "I see, if it were me, I would eat it." After Yan Hui withdrew, Confucius turned to several disciples present and said, "I don't have to wait until today to prove my trust in Yan Hui. "Several disciples are deeply educated and convinced. Choose me.