There are many cases of improper word order, and the reasons are different. Here are some common situations:

(1) Attribute is not in place.

① The attributive and the head language are not in the right position.

For example, Marianne stumbled across several strange-shaped fossil teeth in the rubble on the roadside. She was very excited, but she still couldn't recognize what animals they belonged to.

The positions of the attributive head word "fossil" and the attributive "tooth" in the sentence are reversed and should be changed to "tooth fossil".

For example, the envelope of the invitation letter is printed with antique bronzes, and Qin Jun soldiers wearing armor and holding shields are neatly arranged on it.

"Antique" should not be changed to "seal", but should be changed to "bronzes printed with antique".

The general word order of multiple attributives is: a. possessive attributive, time and place attributive; B. phrases that represent numbers; Verbs or verb phrases; D. adjectives or adjective phrases; E. nouns or noun phrases. In addition, it should be noted that the attribute with "de" should be placed before the attribute without "de". For example, several beautiful (demonstrative pronouns) red (adjectives) roses (nouns) in the garden have been picked.

If we violate the general rules of word order of many attributes, we will make mistakes in the word order of attributes. For example, a newly unearthed ancient ship from the Song Dynasty was exhibited in the museum.

If the attributives in the sentence are not arranged properly, the correct order of the first three attributives of "ancient ship" is "one ship", "newly unearthed" and "from Song Dynasty", otherwise ambiguity will arise. (2) The adverbial position is improper.

The position of (1) adverbial in attribute

For example, the frigate "Weishan Lake" quickly took action in Somali waters, scaring off pirates; Protect merchant ships tracked by pirates.

The adverbial "Kuai" should be placed before the predicate verb "Na".

② The word order of multiple adverbials is improper.

The general word order of multiple adverbials is: a. Object-object phrases indicating purpose, reason or condition; B. words or phrases indicating time and place; C. phrases indicating the degree of scope; An expressive word or phrase. In addition, the object-oriented prepositional phrase is generally immediately before the head language, that is, for what (expressive adjective) → when (noun indicating time) → where (expressive prepositional phrase) → scope (adverb indicating range) → how (expressive adjective) →with who (expressive prepositional phrase).

For example, many teachers had a warm conversation with him (object) in the conference room (table) this morning.

If you violate the general law of adverbial word order, you will make mistakes in adverbial word order.

For example, Madame Curie studied hard for a long time in a simple studio, and then radium was discovered there. The adverbial "in a humble studio" and the adjective "long" indicating time should be put before the adverbial "difficult" and changed to "Madame Curie studied in a humble studio for a long and difficult time".

(3) improper word order

Improper word order refers to improper word order of related coordinate words or phrases and improper position of function words (related words).

For example, after the earthquake, despite the difficulties and dangers, the soldiers quickly and timely entered the earthquake area for emergency rescue and disaster relief.

The position of "despite" should be changed to "despite the difficulties and dangers ..." (4) The clause is not in the right position.

For example, honesty education has become an important part of the moral construction of our citizens, because honesty is not only related to the overall image of the country, but also reflects the basic moral quality of citizens.

The second half of the two clauses is progressive, and "citizen" should come before "country". It should be changed to "because honesty not only reflects the … of citizens, but also concerns the … of the country".

(1) Improper collocation of subject and predicate

The main performance is that the predicate cannot state the subject, sometimes the subject or predicate acts as a joint phrase, and some of them do not match.

For example, due to the strengthening of ecological environment monitoring in the production process, the pollution-free vegetables produced by the base every year are not only supplied to the main markets in this province, but also sold to Henan, Hebei and other provinces.

"Production" cannot be "supplied", but "pollution-free vegetables" can be "supplied". (2) Improper collocation of verbs and objects.

Verbs and objects should be collocated in meaning and grammar. A common mistake is that when two verbs * * * are collocated with an object, one of them has no object.

For example, according to Italian law, Berlusconi cannot be the president of the club during his tenure as prime minister, otherwise he may do something against the public interest.

Improper collocation of "doing … behavior" should be changed to "appearing … behavior". (3) Improper collocation of subject and object.

For example, Wuyi Road Table Tennis Hall is a group approved by the Sports Bureau and the Civil Affairs Bureau to promote table tennis.

If the main table tennis hall does not match the target group properly, the group can be changed to an institution or unit.

(4) Incorrect collocation of additional elements and headwords.

For example, when reading the materials of China's Drama100th Anniversary, he came up with the idea of creating a script to find the source of China's drama.

"Taiwan Province" in the sentence can't modify "script", so "Taiwan Province" should be changed to "A", or "Taiwan Province" should be kept and "script" should be changed to "drama". (5) Incorrect collocation of related words.

For example, people think that the key factor of team effectiveness is not only the simple addition of individual contributions, but also the teamwork skills that can make the players act in unison and cooperate with each other.

"Not just" canNot be matched with "but", so "not just" should be changed to "not" or "but" should be changed to "and".

(1) synthesis is incomplete.

① The subject is incomplete.

For example, due to environmental pollution, serious infection of anaerobic bacteria is often secondary, which is prone to tetanus, leading to delayed treatment and death on the way to the local area or abroad.

The abuse of the preposition "because" leads to the incomplete subject.

② Incomplete predicate

The main reason for the lack of predicate is that the sentence is long, and the previous structure is forgotten when it is said (or written). For example, the successful launch of the experimental communication satellite shows that China has independently built, developed, launched, tracked, measured and tested the engineering system of the geosynchronous communication satellite.

We should add "have" and "have the ability ..." before "independence".

③ Incomplete object

The sentence is a little long, and the echo with the previous components is ignored when you say (or write) at the back, which is an important reason for the incomplete object of the sentence. In recent years, in the college entrance examination questions, the head of the object is often incomplete. For example, he devoted himself to research and repeated experiments, and finally successfully developed a series of medicated porridge products with the function of preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases.

"You" lacks the object head, and "function" is added after "gastrointestinal diseases".

④ Incomplete add-on components

Lack of necessary additional elements will lead to imprecise sentence expression and so on.

For example, if you want to get excellent grades, you must work hard.

In this case, "hard and effective" should be added before "labor".

For example, the purpose of setting up the International Day of Families by the United Nations is to urge governments and people of all countries to pay more attention to family issues, raise their vigilance against family issues, and promote family harmony and happiness.

In the sentence, "improve the alertness to family problems" should be changed to "improve the alertness to family problems".

(1) redundant subject

For example, our revolutionary predecessors shed a lot of blood and sacrificed many precious lives for the benefit of the people.

There is a subject "revolutionary predecessors" in front of it, so "they" are redundant.

② The predicate is redundant.

For example, students are studying hard to meet the college entrance examination.

The "college entrance examination" is greeted, not "arrival", so "arrival" should be deleted.

For example, the municipal government decided to cooperate with the implementation of Olympic projects, focusing on subway construction, renovation of dangerous houses, sewage treatment and other engineering work to speed up the process of building a modern metropolis.

"Work" and "project" are redundant and repetitive.

(4) Additional components are redundant.

For example, in order to simplify the number of words, we have to make some slight deletions.

"Yes" is a duplicate of the previous "slightly added", and one can be deleted. Examples of common redundancies in test papers are:

(1) Fighting with each other "Si" already contains the meaning of "mutual", so "mutual" should be deleted.

(2) The word "it" or "this" should be deleted.

(3) "Yu" is a compound word in classical Chinese, which is a consonant of "Yu", so "Yu" should be deleted.

(4) What you see with your own eyes is what you see with your own eyes, so "what you see with your own eyes" should be deleted.

(5)*** Negotiation "Xie" means "* * * and cooperation", so "* * * and" should be deleted. (6) I really like that "hobby" means "extreme hobby", so I want to delete "very".

(7) Excessive drinking "addiction" already contains the meaning of "excessive", so "excessive" should be deleted.

(8) It is unanimously recognized that "male" means "* * * same" and "consistent" means "same without difference". If it is repeated, the word "consistent" should be deleted.

(9) Visiting "Gu" means "coming" and "coming" should be deleted.

(10) starting means (instruments, etc. ) start work, so there is no need to use the word "start" to modify it. (1 1) Absenteeism without reason is "absenteeism without reason", and then it is redundant to use "absenteeism without reason" to limit it. Similarly, it is redundant.

(12) Anxious "Anxious" means eager for hope, and "Anxious" should be deleted.

(13) disparity "disparity" means "great difference", so "disparity" should be deleted.

(14) Long-cherished wish "rewelding" means "forever, old" and "many years" should be deleted.

(15) There are countless students. If "numerous" is used to modify redundancy, "numerous" should be deleted. (16) means "yes, yes". You should delete "yes".

(17) The letter "Zhi" means "Give" and should be deleted.

(18) Causing people pain "Causing people to get into trouble" means that people are in extreme distress. It already means "painful", so delete "painful".

(19) Legacy The word "legacy" in "legacy" means "heritage", so it is unnecessary to use it.

(20) At least ... "At least" means "lowest", followed by the exact number, so there is no need to use the vague word "above". (2 1) What if "represents an extremely unlikely hypothesis, which is a repetition of" What if ".

Don't take a nap. "Don't take a nap" and "Don't take a nap" are both negative. At the same time, inappropriately modify "snooze" and delete one of them.

(23) The word "and" in "involving" means "to", and "to" is deleted.

(24) It is unnecessary to modify "young man" with "young man" in the classical Chinese sentence "Wei".

(26) "Not Yes" is an unreasonable word in written language, which means "No", so there is no need to add "Yes" after it.

(27) Sincere thanks "sincerely" means "sincerely", so this word is more complicated.

(28) The whole body is black and blue, repeating the words "black and blue".

(29) Nearly 40% of the fuzzy quantifiers "near" and "above" are contradictory, so it is enough to keep one. (30) Including all "includes" all ".

(3 1) advanced model "model" is itself "advanced", so "advanced" is deleted.

I suddenly realized that "suddenly" means "suddenly awake", so "suddenly" should be deleted.

(33) The reason "Zhezhong" means "Zhezhong", which already includes "Zhezhong", so "Zhezhong" should be deleted.

(1) mixed sentence patterns.

Sentence hybridity is to squeeze two sentences into one sentence, where there is no ending, and the sentence structure is chaotic, forming a sick sentence. This kind of ill sentences has become a hot spot in the examination of ill sentences in recent years.

For example, in terms of technological innovation, the company organized relevant personnel to rectify the process design, equipment maintenance and other departments around improving product quality. "Focusing on improving product quality" and "focusing on improving product quality" in the sentence have the same meaning, but they are stubbornly organized together, resulting in mixed sentences. Just use one of them.

The following are some common mixed formats (the correct formats are in brackets):

(1) Based on this principle ... (Based on the principle of ..., based on the principle of ...)

(2) For ... (for ... for the purpose of ...)

(3) Questions about ... (Questions about ... Questions about ...)

Under the influence of ... (Under the influence of ...)

The reason is that ... (The reason is that ... is that ...)

⑥ Later ... (Later, below ...) ⑥ In the name of ... (The excuse is ... In the name of ...)

⑧ Because ... (Because ..., that's because ...)

Pet-name ruby by ... (by ..., by ...)

Note ... most (most ... mainly ...)

The ingredients are made of the following ingredients ... (The ingredient is ..., made of ...).

Be the result of ... (be the result of ..., be the result of ...)

(2) untie the knot

The last part of a well-structured sentence is used as the beginning of another sentence. For example, do you know how many people have to work hard to publish a translation before they can meet the readers?

Put "strive to publish …" and "a translation … meeting" together and use either sentence.

(3) changing hands halfway

In the middle of a sentence, suddenly start over and start over.

For example, since China people accepted Marxism–Leninism, under the leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong, great changes have taken place in China's revolution.

"What about China people ..." After Marxism-Leninism? Instead of going on, the author begins a new sentence with "China's Revolution", which should be changed to "Since the people of China ……" 5. The meaning is unclear.

(1) reference unknown

For example, less than 15 seconds before the first round of shooting, none of the hostages were injured-this is impossible.

The meaning of this is not clear. Does it mean "short shooting time" or "no one was injured"?

(2) Fuzziness

For example, on April 23 this year, editors and reporters from dozens of newspapers across the country visited the National Library for exhibitions and lectures, and had a meaningful World Reading Day.

It is unclear whether "dozens" refers to "newspapers" or "editorial reporters". 6. Unreasonable.

The concept of (1) is very confusing.

The concept of juxtaposition should be two concepts divided according to the same standard. If the standards are confused, it will lead to the mistake of juxtaposing generic (big) and small concepts.

For example, the people of China and citizens of China have the right to get material help from the state and society when they are old, sick or incapacitated.

The concepts of "old", "sick" and "incapacitated" are overlapping, not juxtaposed. We should add "others" before "loss" or "change" or "equality".

In a sentence, the front contains both positive and negative aspects, and the back only contains one aspect, which is not taken care of before and after the sentence (sometimes classified as "improper collocation")

For example, in the cultural environment where blending and conflict coexist, whether the spirit of individuality can be expressed in oriental sculpture language is exactly what China's contemporary sculpture lacks.

Two sides, one side, improper care, get rid of "can" (3) self-contradiction.

The semantic logic should be consistent before and after the same sentence; Otherwise, it will be self-contradictory. [Source: Z.xx.k.Com]

He is one of many surviving victims.

The words "the dead" and "the living" are inconsistent. (4) The subject and object are reversed.

The objects of sentence expression are subject and object, active and passive. Sometimes, if the expression is not good, it will be the other way around.

For example, the modern history of China since the Opium War is familiar to most middle school students, and major historical events can be described clearly.

This example makes the mistake of reversing subject and object, which should be subject to object and person to object. The correct statement should be "Most middle school students are familiar with the modern history of China since the Opium War". (5) Improper denial.

It refers to the repeated use of negation in order to enhance the expression effect, resulting in the inversion of the original intention. There are two reasons for this kind of language disorder: one is the misuse of negative adverbs, and the other is that rhetorical questions are double negatives.

For example, a South Korean official revealed that the member countries concerned have reached an agreement to establish the fund to prevent the financial crisis like 1997 from happening again.

It is improper to deny "prevent … from happening again" and remove "don't". For example, the spirit of Lei Feng certainly needs to be endowed with new connotations, but who can deny that there is no need to learn from Lei Feng now?

The rhetorical question itself is a double negative. Adding "negative" and "no" means denying learning from Lei Feng.

(6) Impose causality

There is always a relationship between clauses in complex sentences, and the external expression of this relationship is the use of related words. In some sentences, the author imposes it on the sentence without knowing whether there is causality in the clause, forming a sick sentence.

For example, I'm not interested in mathematics because I prefer subjects.

In the example, "not interested in mathematics" is a concrete manifestation of "focusing on the subject" rather than a result. (7) Unreasonable.

Refers to the fact stated or the opinion expressed does not conform to the common sense of life or things that people generally agree with.

For example, more than 200 rescue fighters, with thousands of arms, struggled with storms and floods for a day and a night.

How can "more than 200 rescue fighters" have "thousands of troops"? Is unreasonable.