Burning books and burying Confucianism occurred in the Qin Dynasty in ancient China. In the thirty-fourth year of Qin Shihuang (2 13 BC), Dr. Qi Chun Yu Yue opposed the "county system" implemented at that time and demanded that children be enfeoffed according to the ancient system. Li Si, the prime minister, refuted it, arguing that people should not learn from private studies and slander state affairs. Qin Shihuang adopted Reese's suggestion, ordered the burning of historical records of other countries except Ji Qin, and also handed over and burned poems and books that did not belong to the doctor's museum within a time limit; Some people dare to talk about "poetry" and "book" executions and use the past to exterminate the nation; Private schools are forbidden, and those who want to study law should take officials as teachers. This is "burning books". In the second year, Hou Sheng and Lu Sheng, two magicians (alchemists), secretly slandered Qin Shihuang and fled. When Qin Shihuang learned about this, he was furious and sent an empire to investigate. After the trial, more than 460 people violated the ban, all of which were "book burning pits" and "pit Confucianism" sites.
Pit killing. This is "cheating Confucianism". The two things add up to "burning books to bury Confucianism."
Reasons for burning books and burying Confucianism
1. This is the need of establishing an authoritarian political system in the Qin Dynasty. 2. Some Confucian scholars and tourists quote Confucian classics and criticize current politics with the words of ancient sages. Generally speaking, there are three views: 1. There is no such thing as burning books to bury Confucianism in history, which is purely invented by later generations. The "ancient skeptics" who rose during the Republic of China held this view. The cultural relics unearthed in recent decades strongly support the authenticity of Sima Qian's Historical Records, thus proving that the theory of doubting the ancient times is not established. It is true that some people have been cheated, but they are only alchemists or magicians. People who hold this view don't understand the character of warlocks and confuse them with alchemists because they don't have Confucian classics. In ancient books, there are many foreign words. "Book of Rites" says that "moths can learn from the fire", and the description of techniques is an example. Warlocks are storytellers, and ancient scholars followed the creed of Confucius, "Believe in the ancient times, but never say enough", and learned to speak (academically) without their own creation (creation). This is also the origin and original meaning of the word "academic". 3. Qin Shihuang really buried many representatives of Qin academic circles and schools of thought contending. 3. In the argument about the county system, Prime Minister Li Si rebuked the Confucian thought of feudal system according to the ancient system.
Book burning incident
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in China (77 BC1year-22 BC1year), the social productive forces in China developed greatly, and some ordinary people were gradually liberated from manual labor. Facing the chaotic social situation, they hope to find a way to save the world by thinking and studying the thoughts of predecessors in managing the world. So there are so many schools of thought and countless works, which are called a hundred schools in history. In 22 1 year BC, the first unified centralized dynasty in the history of China, the Qin Dynasty, was established. At that time, hundreds of schools of thought contended in the society, which seriously hindered Qin Shihuang's thought of unifying the people of the six countries and threatened the rule of the Qin Dynasty. In 2 13 BC, Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, said that fools "speak insincerely when they enter, but gossip when they leave.". They don't take the name of the master, but they regard the different potential as high, and they lead the group to slander. " Therefore, in order to unify the thoughts of the people of the original six countries, Qin Shihuang began to destroy all the history books of the six countries except Ji Qin, as well as the poems and books hidden among the people, until the demise of the Qin Dynasty in 206 BC. This was the so-called "book burning" (Historical Records, Volume VI, Biography of Qin Shihuang: I asked historians to burn all the books except Ji Qin. If you are not a doctor, those who dare to collect poems, books and hundreds of languages in the world will burn them. Those who dare to talk about "poetry" and "books" abandon the market. Think of the past as a family that is not the present. Those who don't mention it when they see it commit the same crime. If it doesn't burn for the next 30 days, it will be a city. Don't go, books such as medicine, divination and tree planting. If you want to study law, you should take an official as your teacher. What needs special attention is that from Reese's letter, we can know that all the books of the empire at that time, including those explicitly burned, were completely preserved in the government. Zhu also said: Qin only taught the world to burn books, but his court still existed; For example, "Everything that was not in the hands of Dr. Ji Qin and Dr. Ji Qin was burned", then the Six Classics and so on, he still stayed, but there was no one in the world. Niu Hong in Sui Dynasty put forward the theory of "five evils", saying that books were burned by Qin Shihuang in China in the past dynasties, the second was that the Red Eyebrow Rebels entered the customs at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the third was that Dong Zhuo moved the capital, the fourth was Liu's chaos, and the fifth was that Wei entered Ying. Liu Dakui, on the other hand, wrote book burning discrimination, pointing out rudely that book burning was not the crime of Reese, but the crime of Xiang Yu. According to Historical Records and Biography of Xiang Yu, "Xiang Yu led troops to slaughter Xianyang in the west, killed Qin, burned Qin Gong, and the fire did not go out in March". The precious books of the empire were burned. Unfortunately, Tang Yu's three generations of legal system, the quips of ancient sages and sages only turned into a few joules of heat.