In the early years of Qing Dynasty, the change of dynasties from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty gave the Han scholar-officials a great thrill. After entering the Qing Dynasty, the living environment of Han literati became worse and worse because of the successive blows of tonsure order, case examination, case writing and document correction. At this time, although the ci world still followed the legacy of the Ming Dynasty and colorful styles prevailed, many people began to abandon such words. In particular, Xin Qiji's "Jiaxuan Style", a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was dormant for a long time in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and in the historical changes in the early Qing Dynasty, it had a spiritual fit with the Han literati and suddenly rose in the north and south of the Yangtze River.
In the twenty-first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1682), Rendu County (Ming Taizu in the fourth year of Hongwu) was changed to Duzhou, which belonged to Chengdu Prefecture. In the early Qing Dynasty, Fu inherited the old system of Ming Dynasty and was still called Zi County. He was an active practitioner of Jiaxuan style. In the history of Qing Ci, Yan even called Fu, Liu Zhen, Jin and others as "Jia", and wrote lofty ideals with sadness and boldness.
Fu also wrote in "Qin, reading Xin Jiaxuan's ci, can't bear to go, can't bear to write this". "I like reading public vocabulary and enjoy it. How fast? " I read the ancient Kuang Ding, saying that poetry is tireless, and the sages said that they have accumulated a lot of cars. I have been addicted to scabs for many years, and I enter middle school every day. If you smile and think it's not this, then you are sick. The light in the small window is clear and empty, like a big white, reading Chinese books frequently. I like the general in battle, and my eyebrows are on end. When I came back to grab a pen, I was as golden as rain. It is a strange man, outstanding through the ages, not a kind of Confucianism. Oh, slowly look at the boundless river and the moon shadow. "
Xin Qiji, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, loves to read Gong Ci. Xin Qiji was a legend all his life, and his ci mostly focused on the realistic problems of the country and the nation, expressing passionate patriotic feelings. In this poem, Fu created the heroic image of Xin Qiji, who is a romantic figure through the ages and looks like a Confucian scholar, and appreciated his lyrics of "Returning to catch a pen and flying like a golden jade".
According to the Records of Zixian County, in the 21st year of Kangxi, Ruyang County, Henan Province, paid tribute to Fu. Ren Zhixian, "I will take my mother as my old age next year, which is very welcome." Fu was born in Ruyang (now runan county), Runing Prefecture, Henan Province. Great-grandfather was Fu, Fu Sima in Ming Dynasty and Shangshuzhuang in Nanjing Ministry of War, and he wrote The Complete Works of Ai Dingtang. Grandfather Fu Yunheng, "gave the Taiyuan government tongzhi". His father, Fu Luanxiang, was a judge in Huzhou, Zhejiang, and a magistrate in Baoqing, Huguang.
The superior family environment made Fu get a good education and developed good reading habits. Yan Xijue's "Six Books Classification" says that he is "gifted in English, and young people are enterprising. Born in a family, there are few habits introduced by nobles. " Fu Yingkui said in the preface to the classification of six books that he was "born bright and sensitive, and at the age of eight, he could be a writer and read well." According to Ruyang County Records, Fu Shizhen and his younger brother Fu Shijing (word Jill,no. Shanyou) were admitted to the office at the same time during the Kangxi period, and were once "Sichuan County Magistrates".
Fu Shiyang's date of birth and death is unknown. When Fu Shiyang's Shu You Ci was published in 2007 1 and 2008 1, it was considered to have been born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1654). However, according to Fu Yingkui, Fu's great-grandson, in the Preface to the Classification of Six Books written in the 54th year of Qing Dynasty (1789), his date of birth may be after 1654. "At the age of eighteen, I chose Gong Ju's learned words and taught them in Jinxian. Shang Xian attached great importance to his talent and sponsored the decree of Zixian County in Sichuan. 20 years old, there are two. " In other words, Fu 18 was born in Gong City and went to Zi County as a magistrate at the age of 22.
Ci Guan includes Fu Shiyang's words "For thousands of years, Gui Hai Xia Chao De Jia Bao" and another sentence "After a long trip to Sichuan, I lost my hometown". It can be seen that his time as the magistrate of Zixian County was about the year of Emperor Kangxi's Guihai (1623), which was consistent with the time recorded in the Annals of Zixian County. Therefore, Fu's birth time should be around 1660.
Fu's post in Zi County is "excellent politics, combining leniency with severity, and watering the wind", which has played a positive role in changing the superficial social atmosphere. He created a large number of words in Zi County, most of which were included in Panshi Poetry. From Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty to the end of the Song Dynasty, Panshi County was established in Zixian County, which is now Zizhong County, for more than 720 years. From Fu Xie's "Qinyuanchun"? Read the poems of Pan Shi, the eldest brother of Shi Bin, and recall the past and present. It can be seen that Fu's Poems of Pan is credible.
Fu's Zixian Ci comprehensively recorded his life in Zixian, as well as the farewell scene when his father and the old man left, which expressed his feelings more. When Nan Gezi first arrived in Zi County, he described the sparsely populated and dilapidated city wall that Fu Chu saw when he arrived in Zi County. He was ashamed of his failure to make a difference and expressed his sadness. "The walls are crumbling, and Artemisia branches are taller than people. Ten families have nine houses but no doors. Every time they hear it, they feel sad and can't smell it! When the mountain is foggy, it will be foggy and heavy. Fuling Fu is doubly painful, and it is too embarrassing to make up. "
"The walls are crumbling, and Artemisia branches are taller than people. The bleak scene of "ten families with nine houses but no doors, and every time they listen to sadness and resentment" is consistent with "the city is desolate and filthy, with hundreds of accounts and more than ten stones of money and grain" described in Fu's successor Park Huai-de's Preface to the Records of Zixian County. Before, although Liu, the first magistrate of Zixian County, "recruited talents, loved the people and nurtured the scholars" in the 18th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (166 1), the people's livelihood situation has not been greatly improved.
When Liu took office, the county seat was in ruins. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), the county government was rebuilt. After Fu arrived in Zixian County, he made a simple repair to the county government, built a small village next to it and opened up a vegetable garden. The county government is the main place where Fu works, studies and lives in Zi County. He wrote many lyric poems for the county government.
? "Qingxi winds around the empty city and listens to the sound of the waves on the pillow. Thousands of trees are in the yard, and warblers are singing in spring. Sitting alone in a shawl, I am actually not a monk. " Through what I saw and heard in the county government, this poem "Chao Zhongcuo's Senior Affairs Office is actually a matter" shaped the poet's indifferent image of "non-official and non-monk" and described his feelings.
"Tasha's trip, a play by the asset management department" is another scene. "Cold bare, few books, tea fragrance, memorable. The mountain city drums away from the Sun San pole, and the county magistrate rises to the hall. The courtyard is as quiet as water, the official residence opens the garden to plant mountain flowers, and the bean shed smells idle people and ghosts. " Through the daily scenes of the county government, the atmosphere of the county is vast, sparsely populated and depressed. Zixian county has a small population and few official duties. In leisure time, "closing the house and digging the garden to plant mountain flowers, and smelling idle people and ghosts in the bean shed" is also pastoral.
The spring scenery in Dongting, which turns into a small garden by the capital office, is a natural and kind pastoral word full of life, reflecting a strong "Jiaxuan style". "Cut the grass and open the garden, draw the spring to lead the way, and grow vegetables with the month. Qin Xihuan, half an acre of cauliflower, rattan fragrance and fog washing, thousands of melon seeds. The wheat and rice soup is ready, so I can buy a new pot of wine. Endless fun is in the cool evening and after a storm comes a calm. ? Ten years of biting is far better than thin wax and crisp meat. There is nothing to do, divide tobacco seeds, do homework in the mountains, and hoe roots. In the past, the garden became a hidden stone, and I seem to remember the old surname Su. From time to time, I sigh mercilessly and say goodbye to you. Why not hesitate? " The poet expressed his deep affection for parting through a comprehensive description of the development, planting and management of small nurseries.
Fu also built a simple Mao Zhai next to the county office, which has the function of a study. Xiao Shu Zhai Cheng, a son of the boundless river, wrote, "Spinning Mao Zhai, not too old, is vaguely close to the house. Gradually, the promotion of business posts will not be delayed. It is best to have orange pomelo cold outdoors and banana green in front of the window. Closer to the entrance, the area is covered with short walls and covered with bamboo. ? The litigators are all nerds. Those on the wall, painted with axes, are for gentlemen to play with, such as this one. Hold your knees and forget the vastness of the world. Crazy songs let you continue. Ren Tianya, poor killing Lao Yuanming, Yu Qingfu. " The first half of the poem describes the size and location of Maozhai and outdoor decorative plants such as orange pomelo, banana and bamboo, and writes the poet's preferences. Xia Que described the objects in Mao Zhai's room, and created an image of a Confucian who likes reading and painting, as happy as Tao Yuanming.
The county government is an unforgettable place for Fu, so that after leaving Zixian for one year, he crossed the Qutang Gorge of the Yangtze River by boat and wrote lyrics for the small building of Zixian government in his memory. "Dongting spring scenery, boats and times Kuimen, memory building" wrote, "Sitting and lying for a year is sentimental, once you don't go. I still remember the dangerous fence leaning against the clouds at night, the small window standing up, the autumn rain and the spring warbler. The moon is half hidden and the moss is green at will. Helpless, it is the wall that seals the snail and the threshold that seals the firefly. Unforgettable painting Shuang Yan still speaks softly. Reading sails thousands of miles, poetry is poor, Dongli three paths, prosperous and old. From then on, when flowers bloom and new wine is brewed, I asked who gave misty clouds a beautiful poem. Every time I look back, I am afraid that the lights will wake up and I will be disabled at night. " On the Bian Que, the emphasis is on "remembering", depicting the scene of going upstairs to watch in memory. The important thing is to "be unforgettable" and express the feeling of parting. It can also be seen that Fu has deep feelings for Zi County.
In addition to his official duties, Fu also visited the scenic spots and historical sites in Zi County, gained a deep understanding of the sufferings of the people and enjoyed themselves with them. Chonglongshan is close to the county government and has beautiful scenery, which naturally becomes the first choice for tourism. Nightingale? Yi Longshan wrote, "After the Western Hills are separated, the beautiful scenery is still greedy, and my heart is ripe with solitary rocks. I can't help being crazy at night, dreaming of Zinan. Looking at the crane pavilion from a distance, the clouds are lonely and the wind is old, and the stone is drunk and sloppy. Moonlight without company, all peaks and mountains, talking into a pool. ? I often hate many vulgar diseases. Although I sit in the haze every day, it is hard to appreciate the fun. Only the head of the river is tottering, and the ears are faint, like swallowing pine. Mountain spirit without me, longitudinal amorous, not necessarily shameless. But I have been wandering for a long time and want to call the boat to sail again. " Even after leaving for a long time, "good scenery is still greedy", poets still often dream of returning to Longshan and coming to Heting. He also wants to "sail again" to have a look.
"Huanxisha Zixian Tomb-Sweeping Day" describes the scenery of Zixian Tomb-Sweeping Day, with a touch of sadness in the beautiful scenery. "The desert light shade pavilion, wind and rain for no reason swallow Jiang Sheng, wicker. ? Swallows are like old friends, and apricot flowers are like warm smiles. Who plays the flute and visits the lonely city? "
"He Xin Lang Yue Xia and Ancient People Drinking in Zi County" describes drunkenness, laughing and cursing, and full of lofty sentiments. "Yun Bo Megan, as noble as Mr. Wuliu, white lotus. For love, you are unrestrained, and you know that you are the one who won the public honor. Just * * *, vote for the pavilion. My generation is now obsessed with drinking, dressing and writing for no reason. Persuade each other and have fun. ? It's raining tomorrow, so it's more elegant to watch the black toad swallow green waves. It is better to be with Jiang Zuo than to talk and laugh, as if Jin people were clean. But if you are drunk, stop pushing. I don't know when this meeting will last, but don't empty a cup. Take a rest and have a good sleep. " The poet admired the noble qualities of Tao Yuanming and other ancient people, including the heroic spirit of "My generation is drunk today, dressed in clothes and kept quiet" and the free and easy spirit of "talking and laughing with Jiang Zuo as if Jin people were clean and lively".
Fu worked in Zixian County for only two years, but his achievements were recognized by the people. When he left Zixian by boat, many people came to see him off, "crying in Xinting."
. He wrote in "Colorful Knot, Stop Boat, Farewell to the Elder", "Sunset at half mast, gloomy clouds on both sides of the strait, lonely city, several folds of sorrow. Tears shed on the new pavilion. If you love that place, you can talk about your old country. Ruthless water makes people anxious. Looking back, the sail is inclined. Ask about the past, snuggle up to the bright moon, and go to the window screen tonight. ? Life is the hardest to leave, and the situation depends on each other. How to avoid consultation? Even if my heart is sour, there is a dream on the side, which is covered by mountains and clouds. Pedestrians will feel old if they listen to the Huanyi flute, not just the pipa. Counting this, you can only see the faint crow when you look up. "
On the whole, Fu's ci works have the oppressive feeling that a hero like Xin Qiji has no place to use, and show the resentment that his ambition is hard to pay. There is also a yearning for pastoral life and seclusion, full of life. A large number of prose syntax and historical allusions are used in writing, which has the characteristics of Xin Qiji's "taking text as a word". Yan's "History of Qing Ci" said that "Fu Ci is good and bright, with a combination of depression and coldness, and it is easy when you are sad. This kind of art, which fully expresses the melancholy, sadness and joy of the lyric subject, and even expresses' broken eyes', is undoubtedly the gateway to' Jia'. " Sun Minqiang and Wu Huihui of Zhejiang University thought that "this is also one of the few pastoral poems after Xin Qiji" in the comprehensive theory of Henan Ci in the early Qing Dynasty.
In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), Fu returned to his hometown at the invitation of his mother, and he never became an official again, which was not unrelated to his influence by Tao Yuanming, a reclusive poet in May 6th. Among these words created only by Zixian County, there are many places such as "poor killing old people", "rich old people" and "like five willows".
Fu was quite famous in Henan cultural circles in the early Qing Dynasty. Quan Qing Ci and its supplement include 198 words. Sichuan Library collects Daliang Ci, Shalu Ci, Guanlan Ci, Yunzhuan Ci and Jiaonong Ci. The National Library collects 45 "Liang Yuan Chorus" sung by Cheng Dadai and Tong Shilin in the early Qing Dynasty.
Fu is not only an official, but also a poet and a rigorous scholar. He liked the inscriptions on ancient tablets since childhood, carefully studied the ancient seal characters, and imitated the style of Mei Yingyou's dictionary in Ming Dynasty. Throughout his life, he sorted out his collection of inscriptions according to the components of Shuowen Jiezi, and each word was mainly in regular script, supplemented by small seal and ancient seal, and compiled into twelve categories and six books. At that time, Ji Yun, the minister of the Qing Dynasty Qianlong Ritual Department, thought that "the essays written by Mr. Runing's broom nunnery were a compilation of ancient seal characters, and in the case of Xia, they were used to quote official scripts. In other words, the official script is a branch, and the silk is tied with a rope, if the net is in the outline. Its door product is a royal Kangxi dictionary, which follows the system of the same generation and the same language. Its words are widely used in various books, and the notes show signs; Attach exam notes, don't doubt; Leave the body late, save it without deleting it, and prepare it; There are similarities and differences, so it is not changed, and it is doubtful; I have accumulated the strength of my life, and I have been compiling it for a long time. " 14, 19 In September, the Chongqing Municipal People's Government listed six books of Qing Kangxi Tingsongge collected by Wanzhou District Library in the third batch of Chongqing precious ancient books.