Both Chinese and American universities have set up corresponding moral education courses, which involve the same qualities of people, and instill their own world outlook, outlook on life and values through classroom teaching, but there are significant differences in moral education content, classroom organization and educational objectives.
Moral education curriculum in Chinese universities 1, abstract; Moral education courses in American universities are independent and specific. Colleges and universities in China offer special moral education courses. Since September 2006, colleges and universities all over the country have generally started to implement the new curriculum scheme of ideological and political theory courses. These new courses pay more attention to the integrity and systematicness of the theoretical system and are offered as compulsory courses for all students. The goal of moral education curriculum in China has a distinct socialist orientation. The fundamental task of school moral education is to cultivate new people with "four haves" needed by socialist modernization, and moral education serves the realization of the party's basic line, basic program and basic policies. Pay attention to systematic education, theoretical indoctrination and moral knowledge teaching, and pay attention to the unity and standardization of moral education.
Although American colleges and universities offer moral education courses, they mainly offer history, civics courses and related topics. At the same time, he teaches American presidential system, European political thought, moral problems in American political life, political and social system, etc. The political tendency of American moral education goal is relatively hidden, paying attention to practical education and infiltrating educational content into students' life, study, career choice, making friends and so on. Allow students to analyze and discuss all kinds of moral problems themselves, make moral judgments, clarify moral values in the process of judgment, and gradually establish citizens' moral concepts and norms.
Extracurricular education: Emphasis on positive guidance and cultural infiltration.
Apart from moral education courses, there are two effective ways of direct moral education in colleges and universities in China: activities organized by the Communist Youth League and personal ideological work. Party organizations are the core of direct moral education in schools, while league organizations are mass organizations of advanced youth and assistants of the Party. China's colleges and universities have a complete system of party organizations from the school level to the department level and then to the class level. Organize the training of young students through amateur party schools, league schools, theoretical study groups, activist training courses and various cultural and sports activities, help students carry out self-education and management, exercise and improve their sense of participation, competition and cooperation, and guide students to establish a scientific world outlook, outlook on life and values. Individual ideological work is the traditional form of direct moral education in colleges and universities in China. On the basis of popularizing education, moral education in colleges and universities aims at the ideological problems, moral status, quality foundation and personality characteristics of moral education objects, and effectively solves the ideological problems of students through conversation, realizing the unity of * * * and personality, which is helpful to moral education in colleges and universities.
Extracurricular activities in Chinese and American universities generally include club activities, scientific and technological activities, cultural and sports activities and social practice, all of which advocate that moral education should be infiltrated into campus life to improve students' comprehensive quality. The difference is that American colleges and universities pay special attention to combining social forces to carry out moral education activities, forming a kind of "education". Many colleges and universities in the United States have established "parent-teacher associations" or "brotherhood". By holding a meeting to exchange students' situation and school education ideas, we can discuss educational plans including moral education. We will not hesitate to spend huge sums of money to build a humanistic social environment and a media communication environment, and carry out moral education infiltration for college students through environmental edification. Colleges and universities in China have always combined social practice education with productive labor. After long-term accumulation, it has formed a standardized social practice system with professional organization and management, various forms and rich contents. There are mainly military training, social investigation, organization of "3 going to the countryside" activities in science and technology, culture and health, organization of youth volunteer service teams, public welfare work, work-study programs and so on.
School management and service: emphasizing group management and personal care.
Judging from the current situation, the focus of management services in Chinese and American universities is different. Take dormitory work as an example: Chinese universities prohibit students from using "forbidden electrical appliances", students can't spend the night outside, lights out at night, dormitory hygiene should be kept clean, managers are busy with various inspections, standardize students' specific behaviors, and have no time to pay attention to the guidance of students' individual thoughts. In the United States, dormitory management pays attention to students' individual needs and gives necessary life guidance. This kind of life guidance covers psychological counseling, further education, library, extracurricular study, health care, community, holiday guidance and many other aspects, making the dormitory area a "second classroom" for students' moral education.
In a word, the advantages of moral education in colleges and universities in China are mainly reflected in the following aspects: the state attaches great importance to moral education, the moral education curriculum is highly standardized and theorized, the ideological work of party organizations and individuals is fruitful, and social practice has initially formed a system. However, the moral education curriculum in China lacks autonomy, and the forms of moral education are mainly reasoning and indoctrination, with low concreteness and weak actual permeability.
In view of the above shortcomings, we can learn from the practice of the United States 1 and start to expand moral education from the following aspects:
Actively promote the reform of moral education curriculum. Establish a knowledge, activity, concealment and permeability 1 moral education curriculum system in colleges and universities. In the four steps of "concept explanation, historical investigation, content analysis and integration with practice" in the teaching of "two courses", we should highlight the link of "integration with practice" and scientifically evaluate the effect of moral education.
Strive for support from all sides and carry out "life moral education". We can stimulate students' positive moral needs through environmental edification, model demonstration, induction and inspiration, teacher-student interaction, and discussion of moral issues, so as to produce good moral feelings and truly become the main body of moral education.
Strengthen psychological counseling. The pressure of college students' self-cognition, study, employment and competition is increasing. Colleges and universities should introduce psychological counseling talents, set up specialized psychological counseling and behavior guidance institutions, combine psychological counseling with the fine tradition of personal ideological work, and strive to explore a psychological counseling model with China characteristics to better provide psychological guidance services for college students.