Zhu Dongrun is a famous biographical historian in China. He is the author of Zhang Chuan, Wang Shouren Chuan, Lu You Chuan, Mei Chuan and other influential biographies. Zhu Dongrun not only described the lives of famous historical figures through his works, but also showed the changes of history and times through the stories of these figures. He is called the first person who really explored the field of modern biographical literature in China. However, among the few well-organized biographies in Zhu Dongrun, one is not about historical celebrities, but a biography of Li Fangzhou. Biography of Li Fangzhou is a rare work in China's biographical history, and it has written a book for ordinary housewives in China. Even Li Fangzhou has no one in history. Her prototype is actually Zou, the wife of 49 years.
1920, a 23-year-old English teacher from Nantong Middle School was arranged by his family to marry Zou, who was four years younger than him. After the marriage, he showed great affection for Zou. They gave birth to four sons and three daughters, and the family lived happily.
1937 Shortly after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhu Dongrun was transferred to a university in Sichuan to teach. After eight years of Anti-Japanese War, they separated from Zou for eight years. For eight years, Zou managed family affairs alone. When the bomb of the Japanese plane fell, she told the whole family to hide under the bed in the room and not to go out, but she still got up the courage to run in and out. When prices rise and the currency depreciates, she buys a lot of materials in advance and exchanges them when there are difficulties. Some people think that she works too hard and suggest that she send her children to Zhu Dongrun, Sichuan. She wouldn't listen for fear of an accident on the road. It was not until the end of the Anti-Japanese War that she asked her eldest daughter Zhu Shuyu to visit Zhu Dongrun in Sichuan with a bucket of crab oil boiled by herself, and she melted all her affection in this bucket of crab oil.
During the war, people inevitably felt uneasy. Friends and other teachers in the university, unable to bear the long-term loneliness, jumped out of the cage of arranged marriage and resumed their frontier in Sichuan, but their feelings for Zou remained unchanged. During the past eight years, he often exchanged letters with Zou, sending his love for him. Later, in the Biography of Li Fangzhou, Zhu Dongrun expressed his thoughts about his wife in poetry: the mirror is in Chou-heung, and the book is guarding the building late. I hope he can live a new life and look after moths and eyebrows all his life. In the reality of China at that time, men could pursue another kind of happiness, but it was almost impossible for women. He thought, since one person wants to pursue happiness and another person has the freedom to pursue happiness, why not join hands in pursuing happiness?
1946 Back in Zou, the family was finally reunited. 1949 Shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhu Dongrun was transferred to Fudan University as a professor of Chinese Department, and the family lived a happy life for three generations. In the early 1960s, Zhu Dongrun joined a condolence group to visit the construction workers in the northwest. He kept writing letters to Zou, so that Zou, who had never been far away in his life, could share his novel feelings in the northwest. He painted all the costumes of ethnic minorities he saw in the northwest, gave them to Zou, and kept telling her about the situation outside.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/965, Zou, who was nearly seventy years old, visited Nanxiang Ancient Garden to celebrate the life of ancient people, but never expected that this trip would become his last trip with Zou in his lifetime. From 65438 to 0966, the vigorous "Cultural Revolution" storm swept across the country, and Fudan University was no exception. Zhu Dongrun was designated as a reactionary academic authority for the first time, and criticism and struggle immediately became the whole of his daily life. The school student came, let him kneel on the washboard, put a Japanese machete around his neck, and let him admit that he is a ghost. A stubborn old man will never bow his head, but a strong-willed wife has done things that ordinary people can't imagine. Among the posters criticizing Zhu Dongrun by Fudan University, a poster written by Zou appeared. Zou Weiming is unfair, unfair for him and fighting for him. In the poster, she tells how Zhu Dongrun works hard and selflessly, and doesn't want to do her own thing at all. He is a good man, people shouldn't treat him like this ... Zou was naive at that time, and in that era when right and wrong were reversed, her practice was undoubtedly a fire. After liberation, Zou volunteered to help the government set up sewing classes, which solved the employment problem of some people. Later, she set up a staff canteen in Fudan University and worked hard. However, during the Cultural Revolution, her previous behavior was immediately defined as exploitation, and she immediately became the focus of criticism.
Zou, who has a strong character, has never bowed to difficulties in his long life. 1930, the eldest son Junda died of illness. She gritted her teeth and survived the loss of her son. 1948, the second daughter Xiuruo died of illness, but she persisted. During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, she took care of the family affairs by herself, and she was omnipotent and fearless, because behind all this, constant love gave her great encouragement and support, letting her know that there was hope with love, but this time she couldn't save herself. Zou began to feel desperate and she had the idea of suicide. Zhu Dongrun tried every means to encourage her, but he had to go to school every day to accept criticism all day. Zou can't take care of it. His son has to go to work during the day, and his grandchildren have already settled in the countryside. She felt lonely, desperate and scared at home alone, so she chose that road. 1On the afternoon of October 30th, Zou hanged himself at home. All she left Zhu Dongrun was a note that read: Dong Run, I left first, and the money is in my pocket.
At 6 o'clock in the evening, 72-year-old Zhu Dongrun dragged his tired body home and saw his youngest son Junmai waiting for him on the road. Junmai took Zhu Dongrun from Han Road to Guoqing Road, from siping road to Quanguo Road, and finally returned to the dormitory of Guonian Road. Joan said to Zhu Dongrun, "Calm down", and Zhu Dongrun immediately understood what had happened. Zou is gone forever, and this year is only one year away from her 50th golden wedding. Zhu Dongrun was so thin and hoarse that he couldn't speak. The blow of losing Zou has been pestering him for five years, and then he will be relieved a little.
Zou's body was cremated in a hurry, because she committed suicide, her ashes were not allowed to be preserved, and she did not even have the right to go to the crematorium to see Zou for the last time. The day after Zou was cremated, a criticism meeting was held in the alley to criticize Zou's exploitation and suicide. Zhu Dongrun described this in his autobiography: After 50 years of husband and wife, I shed tears because I was far away, but after her death, I didn't shed tears, just smiled. From that day on, I have experienced many hardships until today, but I have never shed tears. Zhu Dongrun said that the spring of his life is gone forever, and there will be no more spring.
The voice and smile of his wife before her death often come to mind. Her innocence, bravery, simplicity and kindness are the noble qualities of countless ordinary housewives in China who have devoted their lives silently to love and family. So lonely and stubborn Zhu Dongrun, regardless of the danger of being raided at any time, began to write a biography for his dead wife. Forced by the situation, he adopted a pseudonym method, and the Biography of Li Fangzhou was born. The Biography of Li Fangzhou didn't end with Zou's death, but stayed at his 70th birthday 1965 and went out with Zou in Nanxiang Ancient Garden, which was their last outing together. "Recalling the past and the beginning of your life, I got off the bus three times and it was beautiful. If you are born, you will die in the same cave, just like the bright sun and the sky. I claim that my life will always be protected, but I am afraid that I will destroy the wind and smoke overnight. Oh! Although this body is making up for it, it is like a spring for the old gentleman. " The biography that ended with a poem also found a home for his feelings with Zou.
Half a century of love still failed to resist this political storm, but Zhu Dongrun left an unusual biography in the storm. This book records Zou's hard life, and also places infinite memory on his beloved wife. 1979 1 month, Fudan University held a meeting for Zou Pingfan. When the funeral music sounded, everyone cried, but Zhu Dongrun was awed, because he knew Zou could not hear or see it.
Zhu Dongrun
Zhu Dongrun (1896- 1988), a native of Taixing, Jiangsu Province, is an expert in China ancient literature and various kinds of literature. 19 16 graduated from southwestern college, London, England. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as director of the Chinese Department of Fudan University and honorary president of the National Writing Society, and was one of the first doctoral tutors of Fudan University. He offered courses for the Chinese Department, such as the history of China's literary criticism, Lu You studies, Mei studies and China literature, and trained dozens of master's and doctoral students. His research field involves China ancient literature and China ancient history, especially the creation of biographies of historical figures. He is good at combining China ancient literature with China history, and pays attention to the collection and analysis of historical materials. He is the author of biographical works such as Biography of Zhang Chuan and Commentary on Du Fu, and his Outline of the History of China Literary Criticism is one of the earliest literary criticism works in China. He is also a calligrapher, good at seal, official, line and grass.
During the "Great Leap Forward" period, the Chinese Department once held a "Leap Forward Conference", the purpose of which was to ask everyone to "go all out" again and strive to do their work as quickly and economically as possible. Students and teachers came to the stage one after another, determined to "advance" and "advance". Everyone urged Mr. Zhu Dongrun to the podium and asked him to speak. He sat there without saying a word, but by this time he was on the verge, and he couldn't get off the stage without hesitation. He finally spoke in a hurry. Look at his expression, it seems that he is going to hell. He said that the three books, Biography of Lu You, Research on Lu You and Selected Poems of Lu You, which were originally scheduled to be completed in five years, have been completed four years ahead of schedule. Now he is determined to finish them one year and three years ahead of schedule. Unexpectedly, his determined gesture still caused a lot of laughter. At that time, the index pointed out that one year was still too long, let alone three years! People advised him to "cheer up" and speed up a little more, but he refused to change his mind again, just sighed helplessly: "This is already very tense and can't go any further!"
Three years passed quickly. After the upsurge of "leap forward" subsided, people have long forgotten the lofty sentiments of that year. But Mr Zhu Dongrun finished and published his three books on schedule.