ISBN is an international standard book number. The full name is International Standard Book Number, which is the only standard number used by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1972 and popularized in the international publishing industry.

ISSN is an international standard serial publication number. The full name is the international standard serial publication number, which is the number registered by the International Serial Publication Center of ISDS (International Serial Publication Data System) in the system. Publications using ISSN coding system include: periodicals, conference proceedings, etc. ISSN consists of 8 digits, which are divided into two parts: serial number and verification code. In online bibliography, ISSN can be used as a retrieval field, thus adding a retrieval approach for users.