Manual retrieval tools refer to printed retrieval tools, which mainly include the following types: (1), catalogue, index and abstract catalogue, also known as bibliography. It is a retrieval tool that records several related books or other types of publications and arranges them in a certain order. Index is a retrieval tool to record titles, authors, topics, names, place names, terms, etc. Articles contained in a batch or category of books, newspapers and periodicals, with their sources indicated, are organized according to a certain sorting method. An index is different from a directory. It reveals the document units, knowledge units and content items in publications (books, newspapers, periodicals, etc.). ), and indicate the source, so as to facilitate detailed and in-depth retrieval. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, with the purpose of providing a summary of the contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. A retrieval tool that collects the abstracts of a large number of documents and arranges them according to certain methods is called abstract retrieval tool, which is abbreviated as abstract. (2) the king of encyclopedia reference books. It is a complete reference book summarizing all kinds of human knowledge or a certain kind of knowledge, and it is a collection of knowledge. It is the product of collecting, concentrating and organizing existing human knowledge. Encyclopedias are generally arranged in alphabetical order according to the items (entries) and have corresponding indexes, which are convenient for quick search. (3) Yearbook is a reference book that collects major events, new progress, new knowledge and new materials in a certain range according to the annual system for readers to consult. It is published continuously every year, and the content received is generally limited to that year. It can be used to check the events, progress, achievements, activities, meetings, people, institutions, statistical data, important documents or documents in a specific field in that year. (4) Manual Directory Manual is a collection of documents, materials, information and related professional knowledge that need to be consulted frequently. A catalogue is a reference book that provides concise information about proper names (names of people, places, institutions, etc.). Dictionaries dictionaries are the most commonly used reference books. It is divided into linguistic dictionaries (dictionaries) and knowledge dictionaries. (6), table spectrum, table spectrum, reference books written in the form of charts and genealogies are mostly arranged in chronological order. It is mainly used to check time, historical events and people's information. Catalogue, including maps and catalogues.