Steps of medical retrieval report: use retrieval tools to retrieve reports.

Commonly used Chinese retrieval tools are:

China Science and Technology Information Catalogue Medical and Health Sub-volume; Catalogue of foreign scientific and technological information, medical and health fascicles; National joint catalogue of medical scientific and technological materials; Medical data index; Foreign medical reference materials; Catalogue of special issues and medical and health fascicles; Special issue of Document Bulletin, Medical and Health Volume; China Pharmaceutical Abstracts.

Commonly used English retrieval tools are:

Medical index (im);

Cumulative medical index (CIM); Biological Abstracts (Biological Abstracts); Medical abstracts; Chemical Abstracts (Chemical Abstracts); Geics abstracts (genetic abstracts).

The Catalogue of Scientific and Technological Information in China, Medical and Health Volume, published by Science and Technology Literature Publishing House, collects medical literature such as domestic medical academic conferences, internal medical scientific and technological information and open medical journals. The content is very comprehensive, including not only Chinese materials, but also translated articles. It is the best tool for Chinese indexing of medicine and health at present. 78 years ago, the arrangement of literature description was mainly subject index, and after 79 years, it was changed to classified index, supplemented by subject index, and arranged in the order of Chinese Pinyin. The retrieval of literature description can be carried out through subject index and classification index.

The use of subject index to find literature must first set a subject word, which must meet two requirements:

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⑵ Medical terminology. A theme can have the first, second and third themes. If you know any subject, you can find the required literature. After determining the theme, use the Chinese Pinyin of the first word of the theme to find the page number at the beginning of the Pinyin word in the Chinese Pinyin content of the theme, and find the theme according to the page number, and then you can find the list of titles of the required literature under the page number of the theme. For example, if you want to check the relevant literature of leukemia, you can first find the column "B" in the Chinese Pinyin Subject Table of China Science and Technology Information Catalogue, and then find the subject word "Leukemia" in this column. After the keyword "leukemia", you will provide the index number of the relevant literature, and you can find the relevant literature you need according to the index number.

The above retrieval tools are used in different ways, but they are basically the same. This paper briefly introduces the retrieval method of China Science and Technology Information Catalogue Medical and Health Volume.

Key points of medical literature retrieval

First, the name solution: 1, literature: all carriers that record knowledge.

2. Knowledge: it is the sum of knowledge and experience gained by people in the practice of understanding and transforming the objective world. It is people's understanding of the nature and laws of objective things through a series of thinking processes such as perception, acquisition, selection, processing and processing of information.

3. Information: It is a way of existence, a form of movement and a state of matter, and it is a universal attribute of things. It generally refers to the meaning contained in data and messages, which can reduce the uncertainty of describing events in messages. 4. Information literacy: People use information technology and skills when solving problems.

5. Information ethics: refers to the ethical requirements, ethical standards and norms for people to engage in information activities such as information production, processing, analysis and research, dissemination, management, development and utilization, and new ethical relations formed on this basis. 6. Information retrieval: it is a process of linking information sources with users' needs, inquiring, identifying, selecting and determining relevant information to achieve specific purposes.

7. Retrieval strategy: it is the overall plan and scheme to achieve the retrieval goal. 8. Special documents: refer to patent documents, standard documents, conference documents, scientific and technological reports and dissertations.

9. Patent: It includes three meanings: patent right, patented technology and patent document. Second, choose (indefinite), fill in the blanks 1, the three basic elements of literature: knowledge, recording methods and material carriers.

2. Recording methods: words, images, symbols, audio and video. 3. Recording methods: writing (knife engraving, pen writing and stone carving), printing (mimeograph, lead printing), magneto-optics (printing, photographic microform). 4. Material carrier: (now): paper, CD, video tape, film and record. (archaic): Oracle Bone Inscriptions, stone, bamboo tube, silk.

5. Basic attributes of information: objectivity, knowability and transitivity. 6. The relationship among information, knowledge and literature: information >; Knowledge > literature 7. Literature is divided into printed type and electronic type according to carrier; According to the publishing form, it is divided into books, periodicals and special documents.

8. It belongs to a kind of literature: monographs, periodical papers, scientific reports and dissertations. It belongs to secondary literature: index, abstract, catalogue and corresponding database.

It belongs to three kinds of literature such as review, review, progress, present situation and development trend, and periodical literature and reference books such as encyclopedias, yearbooks and handbooks. It belongs to zero-order documents: experimental data, observation records and investigation materials.

9. Information resources on the Internet include * * information, scientific research information, educational information, cultural information and leisure and entertainment information. 10, the characteristics of Internet information resources are: infinity and extensiveness, diversity, cheapness, * * * enjoyment, novelty and disorder.

1 1. Types of information resources on the Internet: Web information resources, Tel information resources, FTP information resources, user group information resources, RSS information resources, BT information resources and Gopher information resources. 12. The basic contents of information literacy include: having information awareness; Can effectively use information resources; Ability to think critically about information; And integrate useful information into their own knowledge system; Can actively identify all kinds of information; Obtain the required information and be able to evaluate and analyze it; Ability to develop and disseminate information, etc.

13, the composition system of information literacy is: information consciousness and emotion; Information ethics; Information knowledge and information ability. 14, generalized information retrieval includes: storage (such as; Establish a database) and search; Information retrieval in a narrow sense includes: retrieval 15, and retrieval strategies in a broad sense include: 1. analyzing the essential requirements of retrieval topics and selecting appropriate databases or reference books; Second, determine the search approach and search terms; Thirdly, a series of strategies such as establishing search query expressions and preparing a variety of alternative search schemes.

Narrow search strategies include: first, determine the search terms and use Boolean logic operators; Secondly, if necessary, the idea of using truncation words and proximity operators to form the expression of retrieval problem together with retrieval words is used. 16. Classification of literature retrieval methods: according to the appearance characteristics of literature, it is divided into title method, author method and serial number method; According to the content characteristics of literature, it can be divided into: classification method and topic method.

The fourth edition of China Law, published by 17 and 1999, classifies books into 22 categories, for example, the category number is marked with English letters, for example, R stands for medical and health. 18. Patent type: invention patent; Patent for utility model; Design patent.

19, the invention granted patent right must have the principle of "three natures"; Novelty, creativity and practicality. 20. Scope of not granting patent: 1. Scientific discovery; Second, the rules and methods of intellectual activities; Third, the diagnosis and treatment of diseases; Fourth, animal and plant varieties; 5. Nuclear transformation method and substances obtained by this method; 6. Inventions and creations that violate national laws and social ethics and do not harm public interests.

2 1, with a patent term of 20 years. 22. Classification of patent documents: Ministry; Main categories; Small class; Main group; Grouping.

Among them, IPC divides all scientific and technological fields into "A-H" eight parts. 23. International standard serial number: ISSN international standard book number: ISBN domestic unified serial number: CN 24. Title format: title+author+source abstract format: title+abstract 25. The principles of selecting words for search words: 1. The first choice of subject words is the search type; Keyword retrieval can be close to the center of the problem, with strong trap, can be limited by sub-keywords, and can expand the search of lower-level words.

Second, some concepts have no subject words, so they can be searched with free words; Third, when searching with free words, we should consider different expressions of the same concept; Fourth, search with free words. If a search concept contains more than two words, it is necessary to consider the adjacent distance between words and connect them with appropriate adjacent symbols. Fifth, use fewer phrases, avoid sentences, and try to use words with the least concepts. 26. Search common network databases; Comprehensive database (VIP full-text database; China periodical network full-text database; Wanfang database) Second, professional database (CMCCCBMDISCMedline pharmaceutical literature database, etc. (3) Other databases: dissertations and patents (China Patent Information Network); Achievements (National Science and Technology Achievements Network); Citation database (VIP, Wanfang, Tsinghua Tongfang Citation Database), etc.

27. Advantages of classified retrieval: a, it has the characteristics of reflecting the theme system; B, the use of ethnic search, involving the same theme concept.

Medical information retrieval

Question and answer 1. Briefly describe the concepts of information, knowledge and literature and their relationships.

1. A: Information: It is the reflection of the existing mode, motion state and characteristics of things, and it is the signal and news sent by things. Knowledge: It is the result of thinking, analyzing, refining, systematizing and theorizing the information reflection of various phenomena and laws in nature and human society.

Literature: All knowledge carriers are recorded. Conceptually, information is greater than knowledge and literature, knowledge is a part of information, and it is theoretical and systematic information, and literature is a part recorded in knowledge. 2. According to the different carrier forms, what kinds of documents are divided into, and examples are given.

2. Answer: According to the different forms of carriers, documents can be divided into handwritten documents, such as printed documents in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, microfilms in books and periodicals, audio-visual documents in microfilms, such as videotapes and tapes, and electronic documents in sci-tech movies, such as database documents and network documents. 3. The levels of documents and their relationships. 3. Answer: According to the processing degree, the literature can be divided into four types: zero, first, second and third.

Among them, zero-time literature refers to unpublished experimental records, original recordings (images), letters, manuscripts, oral communication information or objects. The zero-order documents are published after being processed by the author, and become documents when they enter the field of social circulation; According to the characteristics of primary documents, the documents are sorted, processed and concentrated according to certain rules and methods, and the obtained documents are secondary documents; A document formed by synthesizing, analyzing, processing and refining the contents of a large number of first-class documents by using the clues of second-class documents is a third-class document. 4. In computer retrieval, how to narrow the retrieval scope? 4. Answer: In computer retrieval, the methods to narrow the search range include: (1) adding search words connected with and, or using "secondary search" (2) defining search with specific keywords (3) defining search with fields, such as title search, subject search and weighted search. (4) Literature types, languages, important journals, etc. 5. Answer: The methods of obtaining full-text are: (1) searching online full-text database; (2) Using online publishing houses and magazines; (3) Using the library catalogue; (4) using "online full-text delivery service"; (5) Ask the author for 6. What are the common retrieval methods? 6. A: The common retrieval methods are: subject method, classification method, keyword method, author method, institutional retrieval method, title method, numbering method, etc. 7. Briefly describe the principle of information retrieval. A: The principle of information retrieval is to compare the characteristics of the information required by a specific user with the retrieval marks stored in the information, and find out the information that is consistent or basically consistent with the characteristics of the questions.

The essence is the process of comparing and selecting the user's information needs with the information stored in the information * * * *, that is, matching. 8. What steps does computer retrieval usually include? 8. Answer: The steps of information retrieval include: (1) analyzing the retrieval theme and defining the purpose and requirements; (2) Select appropriate retrieval tools; (3) Select the retrieval method and determine the retrieval mark.

(4) Looking for literature clues. (5) Browse the search results to obtain the original documents.

9. Briefly describe the arrangement rules of IM subject index. 9. Answer: The arrangement rules of the subject index are as follows: (1) All indexes are arranged by subject words; (2) Under the same subject word, they are arranged by sub-subject words; (3) Bibliography of related contents is included under corresponding subject words or subject words/sub-subject words; General documents are directly under the subject words, and specific documents are under the corresponding sub-subject words; The same document title can be placed under multiple topic titles. (4) For the titles of documents under the same subject word or sub-subject word, English documents should be arranged first, and then non-English documents should be arranged, and the English translation titles of non-English documents should be enclosed with "[]" to show the difference. (5) English documents should be arranged according to the abbreviations of publication names. (6) Non-English documents should first be arranged according to the abbreviations of publication names, and the same language should be used.

10. What kinds of reference systems are there in the alphabetical list of medical thesaurus (MeSH)? Illustrate its significance with examples. 10. A: The first group: substitute references, which are used to deal with the equivalence between words.

In the network thesaurus, there is only one scientific and commonly used synonym as the standard subject word, and other words as non-subject words (that is, entry words). It is manifested as "the item words see the subject words" and "the subject words x item words".

For example, cancer refers to neo-PLA * * s neo-PLA * * s x cancer group II: generic reference, which is used to deal with the hierarchical relationship between words, that is, the relationship between the whole and the parts, the upper concept and the lower concept. For example, under some keywords with larger categories, some keywords with smaller categories are included, and the words with wider content range are keywords, while the words with narrower content range are not used as keywords, but only as secondary keywords.

It is represented by "sub-subject words see under the subject words" and "subject words make multiple subject words". For example, please refer to Health Planning. Under Health Planning, Xu Health Priority cancels this reference relationship from 199 1, and all secondary keywords are upgraded to keywords.

The third group: related citation, which is used to deal with the correlation between words, so as to expand retrieval and improve recall rate. It is represented by "keywords see related keywords" and "keywords XR keywords".

For example, for population control, please refer to related family planning xr population control. In order to improve the recall rate and facilitate retrieval, the MeSH glossary has added "still considering" and "keyword/sub-topic phrase collocation reference" in 199 1 992 respectively. 1 1. What types of databases are usually classified according to the stored contents? 1 1. A: Bibliographic database, fact database, numerical database, full-text database, image database 12. What is extended keyword retrieval and what are its advantages? 12. Answer: By selecting the extended function of subject words, the subject words and all their subordinate words can be retrieved at the same time, so that all documents indexed by the selected subject words and more specific subject words can be detected, and the retrieval recall rate can be better improved.

If there is no extension, only documents indexed by the selected subject words will be detected.

Medical information retrieval

China medical literature CD-ROM database Section 1 China Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc) Section 2 China Biomedical Journal Database (CMCC) Section 3 China Academic Journal Database (CD-ROM) China Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc) has collected about 3 million articles from 1600 China biomedical journals since 1978.

The retrieval function keeps pace with the times, adding the functions of original text request, topic selection service, periodical customization, limited retrieval, subtitle expansion and so on; The application of theme, classification, periodicals, browsing and query functions and new thesaurus fully embodies the concept that the system is user-oriented and serves users in good faith. China Biomedical Literature Database and its retrieval have been affirmed and welcomed by users in the field of medical information because of its long time span, standardized data indexing, advanced processing methods, friendly retrieval interface and compatibility with popular database retrieval systems.

In recent ten years, with the establishment of China's medical information network and the arrival of the era of digital library construction, China's biomedical literature database and its retrieval system adhere to the technical guidance, actively carry out research on frontier disciplines, strengthen infrastructure construction, train new medical information professionals, inject new development vitality into CBMdisc, improve data processing efficiency, and upgrade technical level and content, and take the lead in realizing the full-text link between the secondary literature database and the heterogeneous database system based on the unique identifier of Chinese periodical literature and XML specification. Computer-aided indexing, online indexing and literature correlation research have laid a solid foundation for developing a new database system and realizing the leap from literature management to knowledge management.

Imicams.ac/cbm/index Chinese Biomedical Periodical Literature Database (CMCC) is a bibliographic database of Chinese Biomedical Literature developed by the Database Research Department of * * * Medical Library, which provides long-term and stable latest medical literature information retrieval services for hospitals, medical colleges, medical research institutes, medical industries, medical information institutions, libraries and medical publishing houses. The content covers all fields of medicine and health, and the main characteristics of the database are complete collection and rapid update.

Since the establishment of 1994, China Mobile has a wide range of users in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. It is one of the important retrieval tools recognized by the national health department, and it is also an essential tool for information resource sharing, retrieval and novelty retrieval. After continuous system updating and data expansion, it has become an important information source for obtaining biomedical literature information in China, which has been recognized and supported by users and enjoys a good reputation.

CMCC database relies on the rich collection resources of * * * Medical Library, which can provide high-quality original interview service. China Medical Academic Conference Papers Database About China Medical Academic Conference Papers (CMAC) For many years, with the support of Chinese Medical Association and local branches, * * Medical Library has collected a large number of medical academic conference papers and established a good collection channel.

In order to continuously meet the needs of users and increase the amount of medical information, the database of papers of China Medical Academic Conference was established. This database is a catalogue database, which contains about10.5 million medical documents in the papers of national medical academic conferences since 1994. Database and CMCC*** enjoy the same retrieval software, which is divided into stand-alone version and online version, and the database is updated once every six months.

● Database scale: Since 1994, CMCC has collected more than 1200 Chinese biomedical journals, with about1800,000 document records, and the number is increasing at a rate of more than 260,000 every year, covering basically all important and core journals in China. ● Collection scope: basic medicine, clinical medicine, preventive medicine, medical biology, traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacy, hospital management, medical informatics and other health-related information.

● Update cycle: the CD is updated every half month, 24 times a year, almost in sync with the periodicals in the library. ● Field items: Chinese title, English title, all authors, first author's address, keywords, abstract, literature type, source, number of references and funded projects.

● Retrieval function: → Support hard disk database mirroring, database selection and multi-database joint inspection → Browser-mode full-text retrieval interface → Support Win98, Win2000 and Windows-NT platforms → Limited retrieval of fields (literature description items) → Field browsing retrieval: retrieve the contents of a field in the following ways: equal, prefix, suffix, inclusion, exclusion, etc. You can select multiple fields for content retrieval → Wildcards (*,? Cut-off retrieval → advanced logical collocation retrieval (AND, OR, NOT) → limited retrieval of core journals, literature types, publication years and abstract marks → preservation, modification and deletion of retrieval history, repeated call and reorganization of retrieval strategies → overview browsing and query of Chinese biomedical journals ● Output functions: → multiple output modes: online printing, disk download, online extraction → adding output marks, Convenient to save or print in batches → Sort output documents by different fields → Choose output fields at will → Choose multiple output formats at will ● System features: → Use advanced indexing technology to make retrieval faster → Easy to operate. Convenient maintenance → concise, smooth and icon-driven user-friendly interface → Chinese tips ● Operating environment: stand-alone version: WINDOWS95 or above Chinese platform online version: WINDOWS NT local area network Chinese platform ● The role of ●CMCC in the medical information industry: → medical literature retrieval, information browsing of the latest Chinese medical journals → novelty retrieval, achievement appraisal and information tracking service of scientific research topics. → Library resources * * * sharing → Topic selection service and active information service → Basic data source of thematic database → Evaluation and retrieval service of scientific research output ability → Providing relevant information in cooperation with clinic → Writing information bulletin and writing papers * * * mu.edu/tushu_bak/jianjie/cmcc..

Medical literature retrieval answers

Literature retrieval test (1)

1, all the carriers of knowledge are recorded-the definition of literature. These four elements are: knowledge content, information symbols, carrier materials and recording methods.

2. Original documents, secondary documents and tertiary documents-original documents, ordered documents and carefully classified secondary documents.

3. Document carriers: printed, miniature, audio-visual and electronic.

4. Literature publishing types and identification: books, periodicals, conference documents, scientific reports, patents, standard documents, dissertations and product materials.

5. Types and identification of electronic documents: electronic books, electronic periodicals and dynamic electronic information.

6. Document communication methods: direct communication (informal communication) and indirect communication (formal communication)

7. The law of literature distribution: the distribution of publication time, the latest information obtained through the Internet and the latest newspapers, magazines, radio and television media; 2 months to 10 years should be mainly solved through online books and periodicals database; In addition to periodicals, materials from 5 to 20 years ago can also be found through printed books and manual reference books.

Subject distribution, a subject-related literature is divided into three categories: core literature, related literature and marginal literature.

8. The internal and external characteristics of literature. Content characteristics and appearance characteristics: information irrelevant to the theme of document information is called appearance characteristics of document information. The information closely related to the subject content of document information is called the content characteristics of document information.

9. Search languages and types: Search languages mainly include classified languages characterized by code languages and subject languages characterized by object names and terms.

10 retrieval system type: catalog, title record, abstract, index.

1 1 classification language: Hypotaxis reflects the inclusion and subordination of conceptual extension.

12. Multi-concept topic classification: apply single concept topic classification, and pay attention to the juxtaposition of concept topic and application topic.

13. At present, the commonly used theme languages are keyword language and narrative language. Forbidden words: words with no retrieval meaning.

14, keywords and narrative language p43-44

Detailed: Keyword is a natural theme language, which refers to words frequently used by authors in literary works.

15, search steps: 1, and specify the subject requirements; 2. Understand the subject background knowledge and summarize the subject content of the course; 3. Analyze and extract the concepts involved in the topic; 4. Select the retrieval system; 5. Search and obtain the original text.

16, retrieval methods: direct method, indirect method: backtracking method, common method and comprehensive method.

17. Literature retrieval objects: literature, data and fact retrieval. Literature retrieval: bibliography and full-text retrieval

18. Necessary conditions for machine inspection: material conditions and personnel conditions. Material conditions include database, communication system and retrieval terminal. The quality of personnel includes: 1, the degree of understanding of the subject; 2. Master the retrieval system; 3, the degree of language mastery

19. Definition and composition of database: documents, records and fields. Three types: text type, digital type and multimedia type. The database includes at least one embedded document and one reverse document.

20. Inline documents: All records in the database are arranged according to the size of record numbers. Reverse document: record-based feature identification.

2 1, record expression: in a full-text database, a record is equivalent to a complete document; In bibliographic database, records are equivalent to abstracts or bibliographies.

22. Fields: basic fields and auxiliary fields.

23. Retrieval concept expansion methods: based on the same concept, based on content analysis and based on retrieval results.

24. Word cutting method: Word cutting characters generally include "?" 、"*"、"$"、"%"。 There are three problems to be paid attention to in word truncation: First, the word truncation is followed by the stem, and there can be no space between the word truncation and the stem. The second is to avoid cutting the stems of search words too short, which should generally be more than three letters. If the deadline is too short, not only the result is irrelevant, but also the system overhead is very high. Third, the rational use of word-cutting. Fourth, extract as many public letters as possible from the words you want to appear, so as to improve the accuracy.

25. Boolean logic operator: OR/AND/NOT

26. Priority Operator: Just add ().

27. position operators: w, n. With, Near .p69-70.

Details: W (band) and N (near), as we all know, we won't introduce them!

S (Emotion): It means that the two searched words must appear in the same S (sentence, but the order of the two words can be reversed!

F (field): refers to the search on both sides must appear in the same sentence, but the order of the two words can be reversed.

28. Domain restrictions: basic domain restrictions and auxiliary domain restrictions.

29. Adjustment methods of retrieval results: recall and precision. Recall rate: 1, decrease and increase or; 2. Use word breakers (? ); 3. Delete the existing field restrictions and position operator restrictions. Accuracy: 1, reducing synonyms or related words of the same family; 2. Add the concept of restriction AND connect them with AND; 3. Use field restrictions