Mathematically, log means logarithm, which refers to the power under a certain cardinal number. This power can be expressed as an exponent of a real number. For example, if the radix is 10, then log 10 100=2, which means that the power of 10 is equal to 100.

Logarithm plays a very important role in modern science, because it can describe changes in many fields, such as physical phenomena such as sound or light, and exponential growth rate in the financial field. , which can be expressed by logarithm.

Commonly used logarithms mainly include common logarithms based on 10 and natural logarithms based on e. In the computer field, commonly used logarithms also include binary logarithms based on 2 and hexadecimal logarithms based on 16, which are often used in computer algorithm design.