1673, gottfried leibniz made a stepped cylindrical wheel counting machine, called stepped calculator. This calculator can multiply repeated numbers and automatically add them to the adder.
1694, German mathematician gottfried leibniz improved Pascal's series and made a machine that can calculate multipliers. It is still operated by gears and dials.
1773, Philip matthaeus manufactured and sold a small number of computers accurate to 12 digits.
1775, the third earl of Stanhope invented a multiplication calculator similar to Leibniz.
In 1786, J.H.Mueller designed a differential extension, but unfortunately there was no money to manufacture it.
180 1 year, Joseph-Marie jacquard's loom used punch cards to control the knitting pattern.
1854, george boole published "Investigation of Thought Laws", which talked about symbols and logical reasoning, and later became the basic concept of computer design. 1858, a telegraph line crossed the Atlantic for the first time and provided service for several days.
186 1 year, a transcontinental telegraph line connects the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
1876, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone and obtained a patent.
From 1876 to 1878, Baron Kelvin made the overtone analyzer and tidal forecasting machine.
1882, William S. Burroughs quit his job as a bank clerk and devoted himself to inventing the adder.
1889, herman hollerith's electric tabulator performed well in the competition and was used in the population survey of 1890. Herman hollerith adopted the concept of jacquard loom to calculate. He used a card to store data and then injected it into the machine to compile the results. This machine enables the results of the population survey to be obtained in just six weeks, which takes ten years.
1893, invented the first four-function calculator.
1895, Guillermo Marconi sent a broadcast signal.
1896, Horace founded the watchmaking company.
190 1 year, the punch key appeared, and it has not changed much in the next half century.
1904, John a Fleming obtained the patent of vacuum diode, which laid the foundation of radio communication.
1906, Li defudet added a diode with a third valve in Fermin, creating a three-electrode vacuum tube.
1907, recorded music formed the first official radio station in new york.
1908, the British scientist Campbell Swinton described the method of electronic scanning and predicted the manufacture of TV sets with cathode ray tubes.
19 1 1 year, Hollerith's watch machine company merged with two other companies to form the computer watchmaking and recording company (C-T-R), a watchmaking and recording company. But in 1924, it was renamed International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
19 1 1 year, Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes discovered superconductivity at Leiden University.
193 1 year, Fannie Bush invented a counting machine that can solve the difference program. This machine can solve some complicated difference programs that are a headache for mathematicians and scientists.
1935, IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) introduced "IBM 60 1", which is a punch card machine with arithmetic components, and can calculate the multiplier within 1 second. It plays a great role in scientific computing and commercial computing. A total of 1500 units were manufactured.
1937, alan turing put forward the concept of "universal machine", which can execute any algorithm, and formed the basic concept of "computability". Turing's concept is superior to other inventions of the same type because he uses the concept of symbol processing.
10 In October, John Vincent Atansov and john berry made a 16-bit adder. This is the first machine to calculate with vacuum tubes.
1939, Zuze and Scherer created "V2" (later called Z2). This machine follows the mechanical storage of Z 1 and adds a new arithmetic component using relay logic. But when Zuze finished the draft, the plan was suspended for a year.
In 1939-40, Schreyer completed the 10 bit adder with vacuum tube and the memory with neon lamp.
1940 In June, Bell Laboratories, Samuel Williams and Stiby Z completed a machine that can calculate complex numbers. It was called "Complex Calculator" and later renamed as I (Model I Relay Calculator). It uses telephone switches as logic elements: 145 circuit breaker and 10 bar switch. Numbers are represented by "plus 3BCD". In September of the same year, the teletypewriter was installed at a math conference and connected from New Hampshire to new york.
1940, Zuse finally completed Z2, which is better than the operation, but not very reliable.
194 1 in the summer of, atanasoff and Berry completed a calculator specially designed for solving linear equations, which was later called "ABC (atanasoff Berry Computer)". It has a 60Hz 50-bit memory, which is installed on two rotating drums in the form of capacitors. clock
194 1 In February, Zuse completed "V3" (later called Z3), which was the first computer that could be programmed to run. It also uses floating-point operation, 7-bit exponent, 14 mantissa and a symbol. The memory can store 64 words, so 1400 circuit breakers are needed. It has more than 1200 operation and control elements, and its programming, input and output are the same as Z 1. 1943 65438+ 10 Howard H. Aiken completed "ASCC Mark I", also known as "Ha Wardemark I". This machine is 5 1 ft long and weighs 5 tons. It consists of 750,000 parts. It has 72 accumulators, each with its own arithmetic unit and a 23-bit register.
194365438+In February, Tommy Flowers and his team completed the first "colossus", which has 2400 vacuum tubes as logic components and five paper tape readers, each of which can work 5000 characters per second.
1943 Under the leadership of John Brainered, ENIAC began its research. John Mochri and J Presper eckert are responsible for the implementation of this plan.
1946, the first electronic digital integral calculator (ENIAC) was built in the United States.
1947, American Computer Association (ACM) was founded.
1947, Britain completed the first storage vacuum tube O 1948 Bell Telephone Company developed semiconductors.
1949, EDSAC was built in Britain.
1950 the word "automation" was first used in the automobile industry.
195 1 year, and the magnetic core is manufactured by MIT.
1952, the first "stored program calculator" was born.
1952, the first large-scale computer system IBM70 1 announced the completion of construction.
1952, the first symbolic language translator was invented successfully.
1954, Bell Telephone Company successfully developed the first semiconductor computer.
1954, the first general data processor IBM650 was born.
1955, the first large computer IBM705 with magnetic core was built.
1956, IBM introduced the scientific 704 computer.
1957, the programming language FORTRAN came out.
1959, the first small scientific calculator IBM620 was successfully developed.
1960, the data processing system IBM 140 1 was successfully developed.
196 1 year, the programming language COBOL came out.
196 1 year, the first platform system computer was designed by MIT.
1963, the BASIC language came out.
1964, the third generation computer IBM 360 series was made.
1965, American digital equipment company launched the first minicomputer PDP-8.
From 65438 to 0969, IBM successfully developed 90 series card machine and system -3 computer system.
1970, IBM system 1370 computer series.
197 1 year, the unIVersity of Illinois designed and completed the ilium iv supercomputer.
197 1 year, the first microprocessor 4004 was successfully developed by Intel.
From 65438 to 0972, microprocessor substrates began to be produced and sold in large quantities.
1973, IBM successfully developed the first floppy disk.
1975, the Atari -8800 microcomputer came out.
1977, Modol company announced the successful development of the fully combined microcomputer PET-200 1.
1977, TRS-80 microcomputer was born.
1977, Apple -II microcomputer
1978, bubble memory was used in commercial computers for the second time.
1979, Sharp announced that it had made the first portable microcomputer.
From 65438 to 0982, microcomputers became popular and entered schools and families in large numbers.
From 65438 to 0984, the Japanese computer industry began to develop the "fifth generation computer"-a computer with artificial intelligence.