Psychology believes that interest is the tendency of psychological activities, the internal motivation of learning and the key to developing intelligence. With interest, students can have a strong thirst for knowledge and take the initiative to learn. Whether you are interested or not, the effect of reading is very different. Therefore, in junior high school mathematics teaching, teachers must create problem situations based on the characteristics of textbooks, students' age characteristics and personality characteristics, with textbooks as the carrier and language training as the main content, and stimulate students' reading interest. Before students read, teachers can create some appropriate problem situations to induce and maintain students' interest in reading. When creating problem situations, we should pay attention to the incisive, specific, targeted, novel and interesting problems; It should be appropriate and enlightening. We can set up suspense by presenting the phenomenon that conflicts with students' original knowledge; Or provide several contradictory schemes and solutions, so that students have cognitive conflicts, stimulate students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and stimulate students' interest in reading.
Second, strengthen guidance and master reading methods.
With the accumulation of reading experience, reading comprehension ability is also constantly improving. To guide students to read mathematics, teachers should grasp the principle of "excited by anger, lured by taking pictures". To cultivate students' mathematics reading ability, we should go from "helping reading" to "interpreting" and finally reach "reading" stage.
1. "Reading-aid" stage, briefly.
For some content that is not difficult and suitable for students to read, teachers should give students enough reading opportunities. For example, the seventh grade "Power of Rational Numbers" has less teaching content and plenty of teaching time. So it is absolutely feasible to arrange ten minutes of reading in class. Of course, for different contents, sometimes students can read first, and then the teacher asks questions, thus guiding students how to read and understand. At the beginning, the reading outline can be very detailed and the topic can be very simple. With the improvement of students' reading methods and abilities, the reading outline can be from fine to simple, and the questions can be from simple to difficult until students make their own outlines and think while reading.
2. In the "interpretation" stage, speak like a book.
The expressions of concepts, properties, laws, formulas, problem-solving methods and operation steps in mathematics textbooks are often more rigorous and logical. Teachers should properly analyze the teaching materials, and skillfully point out the key points, difficulties and thinking methods, so that students can truly understand the teaching materials, have a more accurate understanding of the ins and outs of the knowledge points in the teaching materials, and clarify the essence and logical relationship.
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Absolute value teaching, a takes any real number, |a| =? The students had a heated discussion and had different opinions. Some say it's equal to A, some say it's equal to -a, and some say it's equal to plus or minus A. Teachers should encourage students to think more in the reading process, let them fully discuss it, and then give examples. Finally, students draw a correct conclusion through discussion and examples: sometimes it is equal to A (when a≥0) and sometimes it is equal to -a (when A < 0) to train students' mathematics learning.
3. "Reading" stage, achieve mastery through a comprehensive study
In view of the gradual improvement of students' reading ability, when choosing reading content, we should not only choose what students can understand and master through reading, but also pay attention to designing questions or asking questions for exploration and application, so as to achieve the whole teaching goal and let students really use knowledge to solve practical problems. Extending from the knowledge of reading textbooks to the knowledge after reading; From the teacher's guidance to let students learn to read by themselves, we can gradually transition from cultivating students' reading ability to cultivating students' self-learning ability, and students' reading ability will gradually change into self-learning ability. Therefore, attaching importance to the cultivation of students' reading comprehension ability is actually a creative activity, which is conducive to students' sustainable development.
Third, timely feedback to promote communication.
Through reading, students should take the initiative to exchange views with teachers or classmates in time to explore the truth and falsehood. In this process, on the one hand, teachers should strive to create a situation conducive to emotional exchange and information exchange between teachers and students, and mobilize the enthusiasm of all students to discuss with each other; On the other hand, we should also guide our thinking to develop in depth. When students flash brilliant ideas, they should capture and affirm them in time. When there is an error or one-sided understanding, it should be corrected or supplemented in time; When thinking is stagnant, new cognitive conflicts should be triggered in time ... In short, teachers should be good at grasping opportunities and give full play to their leading role, so that students can truly experience the collision of thinking and the confrontation of wisdom in communication. In teaching, we should pay attention to providing students with opportunities for multi-directional communication, so that harmonious atmosphere, successful experience and competitive mechanism can encourage students to actively seek knowledge and develop, so that they can actively use mathematics as a tool for information exchange, feed back reading information in time, strengthen information exchange, check reading effect, find problems at any time, and make guidance more targeted.
Fourth, optimize the process and improve skills.
In the process of reading, teachers should guide students to optimize the reading process, improve reading skills and guide students to question in reading. "Learning is expensive and knowing doubts, small doubts are small, and big doubts are big." The process of asking questions is a process in which students gradually understand questions, and it is also a process in which thinking ability and self-study ability are improved. Students are required to learn to find, ask, analyze and solve problems in reading. Asking questions makes students observe more carefully, gradually improve their ability to find problems and think more deeply. Guide students to compare in reading. Comparison can make students give full play to their subjective initiative, make students contact with the old and the new, realize the positive transfer of the learning process, and achieve the purpose of drawing inferences from others.
Fifth, expand content and cultivate habits.
Whether reading extracurricular mathematics popular science books, mathematics learning guidance books, or mathematics and natural science periodicals for primary and secondary school students, it is also indispensable to broaden students' mathematical horizons and develop their mathematical thinking. Expanding reading content and cultivating good reading habits can make students improve their mathematics reading ability quickly. On the basis of understanding, practicing and training can improve students' reading speed, thus saving learning time and improving learning efficiency.
In a word, the improvement of students' reading ability cannot be achieved without good basic skills in mathematics reading. We should attach importance to mathematics reading, cultivate students' ability to acquire mathematics knowledge independently with reading ability as the core, and reduce students' dependence on teachers and fear of mathematics subjects. As long as students are guided to understand things around them with mathematical vision and thinking, their thinking ability and understanding ability will be improved to a certain extent if they persist for a long time.