1, Archimedes
Archimedes (287 BC-2 BC12), a great philosopher, encyclopedic scientist, mathematician, physicist and mechanic in ancient Greece, was the founder of statics and hydrostatics and enjoyed the reputation of "the father of mechanics". Archimedes, Gauss and Newton are listed as the three greatest mathematicians in the world. Archimedes once said, "Give me a fulcrum and I can pry up the whole earth."
2.newton
Sir isaac newton (1643 65438+1October 4th-1727 March 3rd1), chairman of the Royal Society, a famous British physicist, is an encyclopedic "all-rounder" and author of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and Optics.
3. Einstein
Albert Einstein (German/English: Albert Einstein; 1March 87914-1April 955 18), born in Ulm, Baden-Wü rttemberg, Germany, is a modern physicist. 19965438+In February, Einstein was selected as the "century man" of the 20th century by American Time magazine.
Scientific contribution:
Archimedes established the basic principles of statics and hydrostatics. Several methods for finding the center of gravity of geometric figures are given, including the center of gravity of the figure surrounded by parabola and its parallel chords. Archimedes proved that the buoyancy of an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces. This result was later called Archimedes principle.
He also gave the criterion of equilibrium stability of a parabola rotating body floating in liquid. The machine invented by Archimedes has a water screw for diverting water, which can pull the lever pulley machine for loading large ships and explain the earth, moon and day running model of solar eclipse.
2. isaac newton described gravity and three laws of motion in his paper "Laws of Nature" published in 1687.
In mechanics, Newton expounded the conservation principle of momentum and angular momentum and put forward Newton's law of motion. In optics, he invented reflecting telescope, and based on the observation that a prism diverges white light into the visible spectrum, he developed the color theory. He also systematically expressed the law of cooling and studied the speed of sound.
In mathematics, Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz shared the honor of developing calculus. He also proved the generalized binomial theorem and put forward Newton's method to approximate the zero point of function, which contributed to the study of power series.
3. 1905, Einstein put forward the photon hypothesis and successfully explained the photoelectric effect (so he won the 192 1 year Nobel Prize in Physics). In the same year, he founded special relativity and general relativity in 19 15.
Refer to the above? Baidu encyclopedia-Archimedes
Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-isaac newton
Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-Albert Einstein