Mathematical morphology is a new subject in the field of digital image processing, and it is a theory to study the structural characteristics of digital images and fast parallel processing methods. Mathematical morphology is based on set theory and integrated with integral geometry theory. Its main idea is to use a small image feature set with known structure called structural elements to compare with the image target to complete various complex operations-morphological transformation. Mathematical morphology can be used to analyze binary images, gray images and color images. However, based on the current situation of most mine maps, we focus on the morphological transformation of binary images.

Let x, y be the binary image to be processed and b be the structural element used. Usually, b is defined by a 3×3 window (the smallest structural element), so the following basic morphological transformations can be defined:

(1) expansion

Study on environmental dynamic monitoring and analysis in industrial and mining areas

It is the trajectory of the point after the structural element B is translated at all the target element positions of the image X.

(2) erosion

Study on environmental dynamic monitoring and analysis in industrial and mining areas

When the structural element B is translated and placed in a certain position in the image X, it is the locus of the origin position of B. ..

(3) Opening up

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It erodes the image X first, and then expands it. As a result, the part of X can completely contain B, thus removing tiny connections, burrs and protruding parts on the image.

(4) Close

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Contrary to the opening operation, the closing operation can remove holes and depressions in the image X and connect dotted lines.

(5) hit or miss

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Where B 1∪B2=B, and B 1∪B2 =? (empty set). When, you lose, or you fight. Hit operation is equivalent to a template matching with strict conditions, which not only points out the properties that matching points should meet, that is, the shape of the template, but also points out the properties that these points should not meet, that is, the requirements for the background.

Through the above basic morphological transformation, the thinning and thickening of the morphology can be formed.

(6) thinning

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(7) Thickening

Study on environmental dynamic monitoring and analysis in industrial and mining areas

The above categories all involve some image set operations, and their meanings are: XUY is the union of image sets; X∩Y is the intersection of image sets; Xc is the complement of image X (for binary image, it can be regarded as its tone inversion image); X/Y=X∩Yc .

Through the above basic morphological transformation and set operation, various complex morphological transformation operations can be formed, such as conditional morphological transformation, sequential morphological transformation, conditional sequential morphological transformation, dynamic conditional sequential morphological transformation and so on. Based on these morphological transformations, the theoretical system of scanning image processing of mine map is formed.