1, the point, line and surface of an object.
The objects we describe are all three-dimensional, and the most basic shapes are cubes, spheres, cylinders and vertebral bodies. Sketch and sketch can start from these four types of modeling and study the relationship between the basic factors of theme composition and modeling.
Point indicates position, which is the symbol of body shaping and has specific quantitative significance to modeling.
Look at the position point first, find out its base point and vertex, right point, left point, near point and far point, and specify the proportional relationship between the overall range and size of the object. Looking at the turning point, these points are like transportation hubs, connecting the lines and faces in the form.
Lines are produced by the directional motion of points. Line is the continuation of point motion, and it is a line connecting the starting point and the ending point. Any sketch is made up of countless lines. Lines are the backbone of body shaping and have infinite charm.
Auxiliary line refers to the imaginary line used in the process of human body shaping. These lines help us to grasp the dynamic potential and the overall characteristics of the form, and are conducive to the orderly expression of the form from the whole to the part.
The contour line reflects the turning part of the body. In the process of painting, the expression of contour line requires from straight line to curve, from outer contour to inner contour, thus forming a three-dimensional frame of the object.
The effect of the combination of countless points or the arrangement of countless lines on a surface forms a surface visually, and the movement of the surface produces a body. In the process of modeling, faces can be divided into two categories, namely, straight faces and curved faces.
On the screen, a straight cube usually has three faces: front, side and top (bottom).
With the help of light, a curved sphere is generally composed of a bright surface, a dark surface, a light-dark boundary (surface), a reflecting surface and a projection on the screen.
Any complex shape can be understood and analyzed through the relationship between cube and sphere.
2. Perspective and space
All objects occupy a certain space, and there is also a certain spatial distance between things. The spatial distance between the painter and the writing creature, the spatial distance between the painted objects, the spatial distance before and after the painted object itself, and the spatial distance between the painted subject and the background ... In sketch, the perspective change of the object is used to generate a sense of distance and express the space, and the most basic method is the application of the perspective principle.
geometric perspective
Geometric perspective and mathematical principles apply geometric perspective to the artistic expression of painting, which is a combination of science and art, and mainly expresses the three-dimensional sense of an object with the help of far and near perspective phenomena.
Parallel perspective When one of the six faces of a cube is parallel to the painter's position, the painter sees the perspective change produced by the other face.
Parallel perspective
Angle perspective When one corner of a cube is facing the painter, all sides of the cube have perspective changes.
Point, line and surface (basic modeling of perspective sketch)
Angle perspective When one corner of a cube is facing the painter, all sides of the cube have perspective changes.
Point, line and surface (basic modeling of perspective sketch)
Geometric perspective includes three elements: visual horizon, which generally refers to an imaginary line that is highly parallel to the eyes when the painter looks up. The apparent horizon determines the perspective inclination of the painted object. When the painted object is higher than the apparent horizontal line, the perspective line inclines downward, and when the painted object is lower than the apparent horizontal line, the perspective line inclines upward. The center point refers to the visual center. It is at the heart of the painter. In Parallel perspective, all the perspective lines lead to the center. Distance point, the distance from the viewpoint to the center point is called distance point. If the sight distance moves to both sides of the center point on the eye level, the resulting point is the distance point.
Air infiltration method
Air perspective is a method to express the sense of space in painting with the help of air's blocking effect on vision. It mainly expresses the sense of space of objects with the help of the perspective phenomenon of being close to reality and far from virtual. It is manifested in the change of virtual and real form, the change of timbre depth, the change of plane form and the change of complexity.
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