In primary school, good psychological quality is an important part of all-round quality. Students are in the golden age of physical and mental development, and their growth needs not only a relaxed environment, but also self-regulation methods. Infiltrating mental health education in primary school mathematics teaching means that teachers use psychological methods flexibly, while imparting certain knowledge and skills to students and developing their intelligence, they consciously eliminate all factors that are not conducive to students' mental health development in teaching design, student evaluation and teaching management, promote students' mental health development, and form sound personality and good psychological characteristics.
In students' cognitive activities, the process of cultivating knowledge, methods and abilities is a process of close cooperation between teachers and students. Especially in the process of education, because of the immature mental development, primary school students often imitate language and behavior, and teachers' behavior is the object of imitation. If teachers can pay attention to the growth of students with trust, expectation and appreciation, the inherent potential of students will be fully displayed; On the other hand, if the teacher educates the students with ridicule, sarcasm, abuse and corporal punishment, the students will lose their trust in the teacher.
Compared with other subjects in primary schools, the development goal of primary school mathematics is to pay more attention to the cultivation of students' logical thinking. According to this situation, psychological education can be carried out imperceptibly in the process of mathematics teaching, thus promoting the improvement of students' quality and the development of good personality. Let's talk briefly about how to infiltrate mental health education in mathematics teaching through examples.
First, establish a good teacher-student relationship.
There are many philosophies in the simple words "kiss your teacher and believe in his way" To make students "believe in their way", the first thing to do is to "be a teacher". Only by establishing a good relationship between teachers and students can students be emotionally teacher-centered, thus creating a relaxed classroom atmosphere and reducing the learning burden, so as to actively study and develop in an all-round way.
The establishment of a good teacher-student relationship not only occurs in the classroom, but also exists in life. This puts forward higher requirements for teachers, not only to reflect the main role of students in teaching, but also to reflect the main position of students in school life. Teachers should not be the disseminators and executors of orders, but the leaders of students' lives. Only by treating every student equally and loving every student can we win the respect of students. Students can not only feel the existence of teachers in class, but also feel the care of teachers in life. Teachers not only play the role of "imparting knowledge", but also play the role of caring. In this way, students will be close to their teachers, and the communication between teachers and students will not be alienated. It is more of an equal dialogue.
Second, to create a relaxed and lively classroom
A relaxed and lively classroom is a continuation of a good teacher-student relationship. Students' emotions will extend to the teacher's class as much as they like the teacher. On this basis, teachers can shape their own teaching style, thus giving students a deeper mental health education.
1. Create an active classroom atmosphere
Classroom atmosphere will affect students' learning mood. Psychologist Mandalay said, in a good mood, you are open-minded and quick-thinking; When you are depressed, your thinking is blocked and your actions are slow. For example, in a math class, the content of the class is "two or three digits divided by one digit". The explanation of mathematical arithmetic is very boring, and the students' understanding is very boring. It was a sultry afternoon, and the students were criticized by the class teacher for their discipline before class. As a result, the teacher works hard, but most students can't concentrate, which leads to low classroom efficiency. However, in the teaching of Statistics and Possibility, teachers have made full presuppositions and prepared different activities for different scenes. When the teacher explained, the students' faces were full of desire to learn. When answering questions, they can not only express their meaning easily and clearly, but also have heartfelt joy. Teachers and students create an active classroom atmosphere. Therefore, in classroom teaching, only by creating a vivid learning atmosphere and allowing students to study in a relaxed and harmonious environment can students have the opportunity to express their thoughts and feelings, and mental health education can be sublimated imperceptibly.
2. The process of establishing equality and democracy
In the teaching process, although teachers and students play different roles, they should not be "teachers teach and students learn", but "teaching is for not teaching". In the teaching and exploration of knowledge, teachers and students exchange information in an equal and democratic atmosphere. Teachers' dignity is not based on strict discipline, but naturally forms the feelings of mutual trust between teachers and students. Teachers should respect students' personalities. If students are absent-minded or even mischievous in class, teachers can educate them with friendly eyes, subtle movements, cordial attitude and humorous criticism, which can not only make students realize their improper behavior, but also shorten the distance between teachers and students, eliminate students' anxiety about teachers' criticism and re-engage in learning in the shortest time.
Secondly, teaching and learning is a democratic process. In the teaching process, students should actively participate in practical activities under the organization of teachers, instead of deliberately arranging the content and operation methods of activities, and students should do it mechanically. Only through their own hands-on operation can students truly comprehend, understand and master what they have learned. More importantly, in the process of exploration, students can use their brains, talk and do things, and deeply appreciate the joy of division of labor and cooperation, the joy of success, and even the discouragement after failure. These psychological activities can't be taught by teachers, but teachers provide a platform for democratic communication, and students can explore and feel for themselves.
3. Incentive evaluation, self-confidence training
As the saying goes, "good children are boasted", which requires teachers to give students a positive evaluation. In the teaching process, teachers should make targeted evaluations according to different students. For example, when I first met Sun Mou, a student, he was full of extreme antipathy to learning and thought learning was a painful thing. Through the communication with Sun's parents, I found that Sun was not an ignorant student, but because in his early childhood, his parents neglected the cultivation of his habits and abilities, and they also regretted it. Although Sun can't keep up with the normal rhythm in his studies, he is particularly active in health, labor and doing good deeds. When he finishes what he thinks is good, he always expects the evaluation of teachers and students. For these, I encourage students to give him a high evaluation, let him actively integrate into the class group, let students gradually appreciate him, help him in his studies, and let him realize that he can win glory for his class, be appreciated at the same time, and be able to study.
Students like Sun are not unique in any school. The key is that teachers can infect students with their own personality charm, care about students in all directions, and guide other students to understand and help him. According to the close relationship between primary school mathematics and life, teachers should guide students into life, explore mathematics from life and apply what they have learned to life. Practice more and explore more, so that students can feel the charm of mathematics and the fun of learning mathematics.
Third, insight into students' personality psychology.
Due to family, intelligence, living environment and other reasons, students' ability to master mathematics learning is different, and their psychological development is also very different. Therefore, in cultivating students' mathematical thinking and mental health, it is necessary to have an insight into their personality psychology and formulate different educational methods for different students.
1. Smart type
Zhu Xiao is a very clever student, and he has achieved excellent results in mathematics. However, in the usual practice, unstable situations often occur. Zhu Xiao has one characteristic. He likes to speak in math class, but also likes to "catch up" and even disturb the normal classroom order. In order to correct his bad habits, friendly conversation will not attract his attention; Although severe criticism can make him realize his mistakes, it will affect his mood. When I analyzed the reasons with his parents, I found that Zhu Xiao's cleverness can make him have enough desire to express himself on the premise of mastering knowledge in a short time, so he can find the flaws of other students in math class, express his views and show his desire to express himself. However, because Zhu Xiao thinks that the basic knowledge of mathematics is too simple and difficult to concentrate, he has a lot of problems in mathematics practice and often makes mistakes in basic topics.
In view of this phenomenon, I think parents should carry out persuasion and education. While praising Zhu Xiao for being good at thinking and discovering problems, I should also point out the importance of classroom discipline to Zhu Xiao. In the usual practice, he is required to complete the basic questions in a short time and cultivate his reaction ability. This will not only show Zhu Xiao's talent, but also protect Zhu Xiao's self-esteem and self-confidence and make him have a healthy and positive attitude.
The example of Zhu Xiao has given us great enlightenment: not only backward students and taciturn students need correct mental health education, but also excellent students need it. Because the psychology of primary school students is not fixed in a certain form, it is more characterized by individualization, so we often pay attention to the collectivization state and ignore the individualized thinking and training.
2. Weak thinking type
It is not uncommon for students with weak thinking, because mathematics determines that it is different from other subjects in learning characteristics, and it brings more rational thinking and verification. Student Wu Mou falls into this category. In the process of solving practical problems in mathematics learning, he can't fully understand the meaning given by the topic, so he is prone to make mistakes, which leads to Wu Mou's special lack of interest in mathematics and even some evasion, and his self-confidence is hit.
Wu Mou's own study method was deviated, which led to the decline of his grades. Only by effectively finding the crux and helping him solve his difficulties can he be cultivated in mental health. In order to improve Wu Mou's problem-solving ability, teachers should adopt the education mode of "opening a small kitchen", guide him to feel mathematics from life, integrate mathematics scenes into life, and help him actively feel that mathematics exists in life. When Wu Mou realizes that mathematics is not a boring subject, he can gradually cultivate his interest and experience the happiness of mathematics learning.
With the deepening of educational reform, it seems that the requirements for students are getting lower and lower, but from various angles, the requirements for students' quality are getting higher and higher, so under the pressure and influence of various aspects, students' psychology has developed in many aspects. Therefore, teachers should grasp the root causes that affect students' psychological changes, and start with the details to cultivate students in an all-round way.
Mathematics learning in primary schools is a process of establishing knowledge thinking and cultivating good habits. Teachers should not only impart knowledge, but also cultivate students' healthy personality. The relationship between mathematics teaching and psychological education promotes and complements each other, thus forming a good learning whole. Teachers should take various active measures according to the different psychological conditions of different students, strive to create a lively learning atmosphere for students and promote their psychological health development.