1, uppercase letters and lowercase letters pronunciation: alpha.

2, uppercase β lowercase β pronunciation: β.

3, uppercase γ lowercase γ pronunciation: γ.

4, uppercase δ lowercase δ pronunciation: δ.

5, uppercase ε lowercase ε pronunciation: Ipsilon.

6, uppercase ζ lowercase ζ pronunciation: truncated tower.

7, uppercase η lowercase η pronunciation: Aita.

8, uppercase θ lowercase θ pronunciation: West Tower.

9. uppercase ι lowercase ι pronunciation: about the tower.

10, capital κ lowercase κ pronunciation: kappa.

1 1, uppercase ∧ lowercase λ Pronunciation: Lambda.

12, capital μ lowercase μ pronunciation: Miao language.

13, uppercase ν lowercase ν pronunciation: new.

14, uppercase ξ lowercase ξ Pronunciation: Kexi.

15, uppercase ο lowercase ο Pronunciation: Omicron.

16, capital ∏ lowercase π pronunciation: pie.

17, capital ρ lowercase ρ Pronunciation: meat.

18, capital σ lowercase σ pronunciation: Sima.

19, capital τ lowercase τ pronunciation: set.

20, uppercase υ lowercase υ Pronunciation: Yu Puxilong.

2 1, capital φ lowercase φ Pronunciation: Buddha's love.

22. uppercase χ lowercase χ pronunciation: west.

23, uppercase ψ lowercase ψ pronunciation: Puxi.

24, uppercase ω lowercase ω pronunciation: omega.

Historical source

The Greek alphabet originated from the Phoenician alphabet, which has only consonants and is written from right to left. The vowels in Greek were developed, and the Greeks added vowels. Because the Greek writing tool was a wax board, sometimes the front lines were written from right to left, and then from left to right, which became the so-called cultivated land characters, and then gradually evolved into all left-to-right writing.

The direction of the letters is also reversed. The Romans introduced the Greek alphabet, changed it into Latin alphabet with a little change, and it became popular all over the world. Greek letters are widely used in academic fields, such as mathematics.

Binary letters

Binary letters are a pair of letters used to represent a phoneme or phoneme combination, which does not correspond to the actual phoneme. Greek orthography contains many binary letters, including vowel pairs that were once pronounced as diphthongs, which have been shortened to single vowels in pronunciation.

Many of them are typical developments of modern Greek, but some of them already exist in ancient Greek. Note that none of them are regarded as letters in the alphabet. In medieval Greek, it was customary to use binary letters to write silent Iota as ι subscript.