Keywords: small town construction; Urban and rural planning; Regional model
Since the reform and opening-up, the urban-rural structure has undergone major changes because China's policies focus on the rapid development of the city and break the traditional household registration and other factors. A large number of farmers have flooded into cities, further widening the level of urban and rural economic development and the gap between the rich and the poor, and even some rural areas have experienced the undesirable phenomenon of "land waste". A large number of left-behind children and the elderly maintain the production and life in rural areas. Although these population movements have greatly promoted the prosperity of the city, in the long run, they are not conducive to the overall economic development of China. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the China Municipal Government put forward ideas such as changing the economic development model and economic structure, and vigorously promoted the process of building small cities.
1 Problems existing in the construction of small towns in China at present
(1) The planning and positioning of small towns is not accurate enough.
In the construction of small towns, we must first make clear our own development direction. However, in the planning and positioning of some small cities, planners have not given them an accurate positioning at all, and the characteristics of small towns are not clear enough. They didn't make the corresponding planning scheme according to their own actual situation, which led to the planning being too theoretical and low in practical operation. Even the builders of some small towns did not deliberately make detailed planning plans, but imitated other towns, deviating from the actual development needs of the local area.
(2) The urban infrastructure is not perfect.
Due to the influence of many factors such as economy, many small towns still need to improve and perfect their infrastructure construction such as water supply, drainage, gardens and road construction. The lack of many functions has seriously hindered the development of small towns, and it is difficult to meet the needs of local economic development, further promoting people's yearning for big cities.
(3) Lack of financial financing channels
Many small towns, especially those in underdeveloped areas, have a low level of economic development, do not have advantages in various resources and technologies, and are not good investment targets for investors. This backward pattern of lack of industrial support and five economic growth points has become another internal cause of financing difficulties.
Second, accelerate the pace of reform and promote the development of small towns.
(1) Highlight the local characteristics of small towns and plan scientifically.
Scientific planning is very important for the construction of small towns. Generally speaking, small towns mainly focus on agricultural production, so in the process of planning, we should pay attention to the combination of long-term and integrity, combine local production characteristics, and fully consider local advantages. Divide towns into multi-functional areas for unified management.
For example, it is divided into public service core areas, commercial areas, industrial parks and agricultural production areas. In addition, we can also vigorously develop special tourism business to attract people from all over the country to visit here. It can not only increase the income of many services, but also increase the probability of foreign economic investment.
(2) Improve the construction of functional facilities
Although the gap between the rich and the poor between urban and rural areas has increased, on the whole, the living standards of residents in small towns have improved significantly. Therefore, there are better requirements for various material and cultural needs. Therefore, the construction of small towns should pay more attention to their living needs. Attention should be paid to the construction of various supporting facilities. We should further speed up the construction of infrastructure such as affordable housing for farmers, public health, entertainment and road traffic to provide residents with a more comfortable urban living environment. Moreover, in the process of construction, we should make full use of the construction experience of big cities and significantly improve the construction level of small towns. Let urban residents feel the breath of big cities in the local area. Then I will devote myself to the construction of my hometown even harder.
(3) Actively guide and accelerate market operation.
With the rapid development of network technology, people are more inclined to collect all kinds of needed information through the network. The construction of small towns should rely on ubiquitous networks. Use the network to collect all kinds of financing information that is helpful to the construction of small towns, attract foreign investment and revitalize local resources under the active guidance of market mechanism, and then fully promote the pace of local economic construction with the help of external forces in the mode of diversified investment.
(4) Reform the household registration management system to promote the concentration of rural population in small towns.
The essence of developing small towns is to develop small town economy and promote population concentration in small towns. The dual household registration management system under the traditional planned economy system hinders the outward transfer of rural surplus labor and restricts the development of rural economy. To accelerate the economic development of small towns, we must reform the household registration system, gradually establish a household registration system that divides agricultural population and non-agricultural population by occupation, and realize the integrated management of urban and rural areas.
. Actively adjust the employment policy, cultivate and develop a labor market that is integrated with urban and rural areas, fair competition, orderly operation, strong adjustment and perfect service, use market mechanisms to adjust the process of rural population transfer to cities and towns, and expand the scale of urban population. Farmers who have a fixed occupation, stable income and fixed residence in small towns can move into small towns and be included in the household registration management of small towns.
. In the development of urban population, we should introduce a series of policies according to the actual situation of villages and towns, give proper care to farmers entering small towns, give some support to the development of urban population, enhance the attraction of small towns, and gradually relax the conditions for foreigners to enter towns. In order to enable farmers who enter small towns to join the industry and actively participate in the construction of small towns, towns and villages can provide them with processing sites, implement preferential policies, and reduce some fees, so that their children can enjoy the same rights as urban residents in terms of enrollment, employment, and housing purchase. Farmers in new towns have a stable job, a stable income and a stable life. They can leave the land and lose their rural homestead with confidence and truly become the population of small towns, thus improving the level of urbanization. The government can give some incentives to farmers who invest in a large-scale industry in small towns and find jobs for some people.
Summarizing the construction of small towns is an important strategy to speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor, ease the contradiction between urban and rural areas, and promote rural industrialization, agricultural modernization and urban-rural integration. Accelerating the construction of small towns can promote urban-rural exchanges and gradually break the city.
The dual structure in rural areas can realize the equalization of basic public services, promote the gradual integration of urban and rural space, expand domestic demand and stimulate urban economic growth. This is of great theoretical and practical significance to the current urban construction and ecological rural construction.
[2] Wu, Zhang Jicai. Study on rural sports ecological service system in the process of urbanization [J]. Journal of Xiaogan University.2012 (04) [3] Yang Aijun. Study on the interactive development of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization [J]. Academic Forum.2012 (06).